1.1項目初始化 · Laravel學習筆記

## 1.1.1 在站點根目錄創建composer.json文件，并輸入如下內容 ``` { "require": { } } ``` ## 1.1.2 通過命令行進入到項目根目錄并執行如下命令 ``` composer update ``` 然后lara文件夾下回自動生成自動加載文件。目錄結構和文件如圖 ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/622b4351b4ff48c02e3c103fa09f2eee_475x306.png) ## 1.2.1添加路由組件 1. 登錄到`composer`官網，網址是`https://getcomposer.org/` 2. 選擇`Browse Packages` ，或者直接訪問網址`https://packagist.org/` 3. `packagist` 是`composer`工具的主要資源包管理庫，在搜索框中輸入`route` 4. 其中可以看到組件名為`illuminate/routing`，單擊可以查看關于該組件的詳細信息。這里準備用的路由就是他，里邊有添加該組件的方法， ``` composer require illuminate/routing ``` 在命令行執行該命令，就會開始下載，請耐心等待。你會發現其中安裝包含很多其他的組件 ``` - Installing symfony/routing (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.10.0): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.10.0): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/http-foundation (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/contracts (v1.0.2): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/event-dispatcher (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing psr/log (1.1.0): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/debug (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/http-kernel (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing symfony/translation (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing nesbot/carbon (1.36.1): Loading from cache - Installing psr/simple-cache (1.0.1): Loading from cache - Installing psr/container (1.0.0): Loading from cache - Installing illuminate/contracts (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/inflector (v1.3.0): Loading from cache - Installing illuminate/support (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing symfony/finder (v4.2.1): Loading from cache - Installing illuminate/filesystem (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing illuminate/session (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing illuminate/pipeline (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing illuminate/http (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing illuminate/container (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) - Installing illuminate/routing (5.7.19): Downloading (100%) ``` 5. 還需要添加一個illuminate/events事件注冊組件，安裝方式如下 ``` composer require illuminate/events ``` 完成后，如下圖所示 ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/39b909bbd6f5d63dfea47e7dfca39cde_183x351.png) 6. 添加路由文件 `lara/routes/web.php` ``` <?php $app['router']->get('/',function (){ return '<h1>路由成功!!!</h1>'; }); ``` 7. 添加路口文件 `lara/public/index.php` ``` <?php //調用自動加載文件，添加自動加載文件函數 require __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php'; //實例化服務器容器，注冊事件、路由服務提供者 $app = new Illuminate\Container\Container; with(new Illuminate\Events\EventServiceProvider($app))->register(); with(new Illuminate\Routing\RoutingServiceProvider($app))->register(); //加載路由 require __DIR__.'/../routes/web.php'; //實例化請求并分發處理請求 $request = Illuminate\Http\Request::createFromGlobals(); $response = $app['router']->dispatch($request); //返回請求響應 $response->send(); ``` 以下是相關說明，非構建代碼；發現with方法是`lara/vendor/illuminate/support/helpers.php`里定義的方法， ``` if (! function_exists('with')) { /** * Return the given value, optionally passed through the given callback. * * @param mixed $value * @param callable|null $callback * @return mixed */ function with($value, callable $callback = null) { return is_null($callback) ? $value : $callback($value); } } ``` 但是這個`helpers.php`是在什么時候載入的呢？通過查找，是在第一行中的自動加載里加載的，順序如下 1. `require __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';` 2. `require_once __DIR__ . '/composer/autoload_real.php';` 3. `$includeFiles = require __DIR__ . '/autoload_files.php';` 4. `'72579e7bd17821bb1321b87411366eae' => $vendorDir . '/illuminate/support/helpers.php',` 8. 當添加完這兩個文件后，通過訪問該站點，輸出如下 ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/d63d091430fadc50bdd530495c7bf81f_446x114.png)