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                ??碼云GVP開源項目 12k star Uniapp+ElementUI 功能強大 支持多語言、二開方便! 廣告
                今天我們的教程是根據前面一節擴展進行的,如果你沒有看,請點擊 [**Android高手進階教程(三)**](http://blog.csdn.net/Android_Tutor/archive/2010/04/18/5499731.aspx)查看第三課,這樣跟容易方便你的理解! ? 在**xml**文件里定義控件的屬性,我們已經習慣了**android:attrs=""**,那么我們能不能定義自己的屬性能,比如:**test:attrs=""**呢?答案是肯定的. ? 好了我就不賣關子了,直接進入主題。大致以下步驟: ? 一、在res/values文件下定義一個attrs.xml文件. 代碼如下: ~~~ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources> <declare-styleable name="MyView"> <attr name="textColor" format="color" /> <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" /> </declare-styleable></resources> ? ~~~ ? **二、**我們在**MyView.java**代碼修改如下,其中下面的構造方法是重點,我們獲取定義的屬性我們**R.sytleable.MyView_textColor,**獲取方法中后面通常設定默認值(**float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36);**)**,**防止我們在**xml**文件中沒有定義.從而使用默認值! 獲取,**MyView**就是定義在**<declare-styleable name="MyView"></declare-styleable>**里的名字,獲取里面屬性用** 名字_ 屬性**連接起來就可以.**TypedArray** 通常最后調用** .recycle()**方法,為了保持以后使用該屬性一致性! ? ~~~ public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attrs) { super(context,attrs); mPaint = new Paint(); TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyView); int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor, 0XFFFFFFFF); float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36); mPaint.setTextSize(textSize); mPaint.setColor(textColor); a.recycle(); } ~~~ ? **MyView.java**全部代碼如下: ? ~~~ package com.android.tutor;import android.content.Context;import android.content.res.TypedArray;import android.graphics.Canvas;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Paint;import android.graphics.Rect;import android.graphics.Paint.Style;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.view.View;public class MyView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Context mContext; private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog"; public MyView(Context context) { super(context); mPaint = new Paint(); } public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attrs) { super(context,attrs); mPaint = new Paint(); TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyView); int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor, 0XFFFFFFFF); float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36); mPaint.setTextSize(textSize); mPaint.setColor(textColor); a.recycle(); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onDraw(canvas); //設置填充 mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); //畫一個矩形,前倆個是矩形左上角坐標,后面倆個是右下角坐標 canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint); mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE); //繪制文字 canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint); }} ~~~ ? 三、將我們自定義的**MyView**加入布局**main.xml**文件中,平且使用自定義屬性,自定義屬性必須加上: ????? **xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.tutor**"**藍色**是自定義屬性的前綴,**紅色**是我們包名. **main.xml**全部代碼如下: ? ~~~ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.tutor" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" ><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /><com.android.tutor.MyView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" test:textSize="20px" test:textColor="#fff"/></LinearLayout> ~~~ ? 四、運行之效果如下圖: ? ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2016-08-10_57aae5961cfa8.gif) ? 今天就到此結束,大家有什么疑問的,請留言,我會及時答復大家!謝謝~
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