Android之Menu · Android基礎與異常處理

### 1、選項菜單（OptionsMenu）：（1）創建選項菜單：重寫onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)：?? ??1)通過xml設置MenuInflater.inflate(); ? ? ?2)動態設置；（2）設置菜單項點擊事件：onOptionsItemSelected(); （3）通過xml設置MenuInflater.inflate(); ? ? ? ? ?res ——> menu ——>main.xml ~~~ <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:id="@+id/action_settings1" android:orderInCategory="100" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="菜單一"/> <item android:id="@+id/action_settings2" android:orderInCategory="100" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="菜單二"/> </menu> ~~~ ? ? ? ? ? ?MainActivity.java ~~~ @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. // 創建選項菜單 // (1)通過xml設置MenuInflater.inflate(); getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } // 設置菜單項點擊事件：onOptionsItemSelected(); @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.action_settings1: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項一", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.action_settings2: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項二", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } ~~~ （4）動態添加菜單項 ? ? ? ? ?MainActivity.java ~~~ @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { //menu.add(groupId, itemId, order, title):返回值是MenuItem //(2)動態設置 MenuItem menuItem = menu.add(1, 100, 1, "菜單一"); menuItem.setTitle("Menu一"); menuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); //API>=11時不顯示圖標 menu.add(1, 101, 2, "菜單二"); menu.add(1, 102, 3, "菜單三"); menu.add(1, 103, 4, "菜單四"); return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (item.getItemId()) { case 100: Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,Menu1.class); item.setIntent(intent); //設置點擊跳轉頁面 Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項一", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 101: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項二", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 102: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項三", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 103: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了菜單項四", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } ~~~ ### 2、上下文菜單（ContextMenu）在一個Activity里面只有一個“選項菜單”，它是針對整個Activity的。如果長按Activity里面的某個View（ListView、GridView等），也會彈出一個菜單操作，這個就是上下文菜單。（1）創建方法： 1）首先給View（ListView、GridView等）注冊上下文菜單registerForContextMenu()； 2）添加上下文菜單內容onCreateContextMenu()； ?A.通過加載xml文件中的菜單項； ? B.通過代碼動態添加； 3）設置菜單點擊后的響應事件：onContextItemSelected()； ~~~ public class MainActivity extends Activity { private ListView listView; private SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter; private List<Map<String, Object>> data; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView); data = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.item, new String[] { "image", "text" }, new int[] { R.id.imageView, R.id.textView }); listView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter); // 為ListVIew注冊上下文菜單 this.registerForContextMenu(listView); } private List<Map<String, Object>> getData() { Map<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map1.put("image", R.drawable.calendar); map1.put("text", "日歷"); data.add(map1); Map<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map2.put("image", R.drawable.camera); map2.put("text", "照相機"); data.add(map2); Map<String, Object> map3 = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map3.put("image", R.drawable.clock); map3.put("text", "時鐘"); data.add(map3); Map<String, Object> map4 = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map4.put("image", R.drawable.games_control); map4.put("text", "游戲"); data.add(map4); Map<String, Object> map5 = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map5.put("image", R.drawable.world); map5.put("text", "地圖"); data.add(map5); return data; } //選項菜單 @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); } // 重寫上下文菜單 @Override public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { menu.setHeaderTitle("應用程序擴展操作"); menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); //動態添加菜單項 //menu.add(1, 100, 1, "粘貼"); //menu.add(1, 101, 1, "復制"); //menu.add(1, 102, 1, "剪切"); //menu.add(1, 103, 1, "重命名"); //通過XML加載菜單項 MenuInflater inflater=getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_context, menu); } // 設置上下文菜單的點擊事件 @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub /*switch (item.getItemId()) { case 100: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了粘貼", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 101: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了復制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 102: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 103: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; }*/ switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.action_settings1: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了粘貼", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.action_settings2: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了復制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.action_settings3: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.action_settings4: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } } ~~~ ### 3、子菜單（SubMenu） res——》menu——》main.xml（子菜單的布局方法） ~~~ <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:showAsAction="never" android:title="文件"> <menu > <item android:id="@+id/new_file" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="新建"/> <item android:id="@+id/open_file" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="打開"/> <item android:id="@+id/save_file" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="保存"/> <item android:id="@+id/rename_file" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="重命名"/> </menu> </item> <item android:showAsAction="never" android:title="編輯"> <menu > <item android:id="@+id/v_file" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="粘貼"/> <item android:id="@+id/c_edit" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="復制"/> <item android:id="@+id/x_edit" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="剪切"/> <item android:id="@+id/rename_edit" android:showAsAction="never" android:title="重命名"/> </menu> </item> </menu> ~~~ MainActivity.java（以下代碼將動態添加子菜單注釋起來了） ~~~ package com.example.testsubmenu; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.SubMenu; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. // getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); //動態添加子菜單項 /*SubMenu subMenu1 = menu.addSubMenu("文件"); SubMenu subMenu2 = menu.addSubMenu("編輯"); subMenu1.setHeaderTitle("文件操作"); subMenu1.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); subMenu1.add(1, 100, 1, "新建"); subMenu1.add(1, 101, 1, "打開"); subMenu1.add(1, 102, 1, "保存"); subMenu1.add(1, 103, 1, "重命名"); subMenu2.setHeaderTitle("編輯操作"); subMenu2.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); subMenu2.add(2, 100, 1, "粘貼"); subMenu2.add(2, 101, 1, "復制"); subMenu2.add(2, 102, 1, "剪切"); subMenu2.add(2, 103, 1, "重命名");*/ //通過加載XML靜態加載子菜單 MenuInflater menuInflater=getMenuInflater(); menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //動態的點擊事件 /*if (item.getGroupId()==1) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case 100: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了新建", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 101: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了打開", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 102: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了保存", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 103: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } else { switch (item.getItemId()) { case 100: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了粘貼", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 101: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了復制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 102: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 103: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } }*/ //靜態的點擊事件 switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.new_file: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了新建", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.open_file: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了打開", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.save_file: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了保存", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.rename_file: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.v_file: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了粘貼", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.c_edit: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了復制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.x_edit: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case R.id.rename_edit: Toast.makeText(this, "點擊了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } } ~~~