10. 自制啟動腳本 · nginx 入門到進階的教程

# 10. 自制啟動腳本編譯安裝完nginx后，默認情況下，你是不能像用命令行apt-get那樣生成啟動腳本的，也就是放在/etc/init.d上的腳本，要自己創建。 #### 1. 復制一個啟動腳本創建一個文件`/etc/init.d/nginx`。內容如下： ``` #!/bin/sh ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nginx # Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named # Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: starts the nginx web server # Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon ### END INIT INFO PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON=/usr/sbin/nginx NAME=nginx DESC=nginx # Include nginx defaults if available if [ -r /etc/default/nginx ]; then . /etc/default/nginx fi test -x $DAEMON || exit 0 . /lib/init/vars.sh . /lib/lsb/init-functions # Try to extract nginx pidfile PID=$(cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep -Ev '^\s*#' | awk 'BEGIN { RS="[;{}]" } { if ($1 == "pid") print $2 }' | head -n1) if [ -z "$PID" ] then PID=/run/nginx.pid fi # Check if the ULIMIT is set in /etc/default/nginx if [ -n "$ULIMIT" ]; then # Set the ulimits ulimit $ULIMIT fi # # Function that starts the daemon/service # do_start() { # Return # 0 if daemon has been started # 1 if daemon was already running # 2 if daemon could not be started start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \ || return 1 start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON -- \ $DAEMON_OPTS 2>/dev/null \ || return 2 } test_nginx_config() { $DAEMON -t $DAEMON_OPTS >/dev/null 2>&1 } # # Function that stops the daemon/service # do_stop() { # Return # 0 if daemon has been stopped # 1 if daemon was already stopped # 2 if daemon could not be stopped # other if a failure occurred start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PID --name $NAME RETVAL="$?" sleep 1 return "$RETVAL" } # # Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service # do_reload() { start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME return 0 } # # Rotate log files # do_rotate() { start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR1 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME return 0 } # # Online upgrade nginx executable # # "Upgrading Executable on the Fly" # http://nginx.org/en/docs/control.html # do_upgrade() { # Return # 0 if nginx has been successfully upgraded # 1 if nginx is not running # 2 if the pid files were not created on time # 3 if the old master could not be killed if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR2 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME; then # Wait for both old and new master to write their pid file while [ ! -s "${PID}.oldbin" ] || [ ! -s "${PID}" ]; do cnt=`expr $cnt + 1` if [ $cnt -gt 10 ]; then return 2 fi sleep 1 done # Everything is ready, gracefully stop the old master if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal QUIT --quiet --pidfile "${PID}.oldbin" --name $NAME; then return 0 else return 3 fi else return 1 fi } case "$1" in start) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME" do_start case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; stop) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME" do_stop case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; restart) log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME" # Check configuration before stopping nginx if ! test_nginx_config; then log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error exit 0 fi do_stop case "$?" in 0|1) do_start case "$?" in 0) log_end_msg 0 ;; 1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start esac ;; *) # Failed to stop log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; reload|force-reload) log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC configuration" "$NAME" # Check configuration before reload nginx # # This is not entirely correct since the on-disk nginx binary # may differ from the in-memory one, but that's not common. # We prefer to check the configuration and return an error # to the administrator. if ! test_nginx_config; then log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error exit 0 fi do_reload log_end_msg $? ;; configtest|testconfig) log_daemon_msg "Testing $DESC configuration" test_nginx_config log_end_msg $? ;; status) status_of_proc -p $PID "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $? ;; upgrade) log_daemon_msg "Upgrading binary" "$NAME" do_upgrade log_end_msg 0 ;; rotate) log_daemon_msg "Re-opening $DESC log files" "$NAME" do_rotate log_end_msg $? ;; *) echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac : ``` **如果有發現路徑不一樣的地方改過來就好了。** 然后執行下面的指令。 ``` $ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx ``` 可以按照下面的方法使用這個腳本。 ``` $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload ``` or ``` $ sudo service nginx start $ sudo service nginx stop $ sudo service nginx restart $ sudo service nginx reload ``` #### 2. nginx-init-ubuntu [nginx-init-ubuntu](https://github.com/JasonGiedymin/nginx-init-ubuntu)這個庫提供了nginx的啟動腳本。 ``` $ sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JasonGiedymin/nginx-init-ubuntu/master/nginx -O /etc/init.d/nginx $ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx ``` 同樣道理，根據編譯的參數，可以自行更改變量。 ``` NGINXPATH=${NGINXPATH:-/usr} # root path where installed DAEMON=${DAEMON:-$NGINXPATH/sbin/nginx} # path to daemon binary NGINX_CONF_FILE=${NGINX_CONF_FILE:-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf} # config file path PIDNAME=${PIDNAME:-"nginx"} # lets you do $PS-slave PIDFILE=${PIDFILE:-$PIDNAME.pid} # pid file PIDSPATH=${PIDSPATH:-/var/run} ``` #### 3. 設置開機啟動如果是ubuntu系統，使用sysv-rc-conf這個工具來配置開機啟動，這個工具類似于chkconfig。安裝。 ``` $ sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf ``` 配置nginx在開機的時候啟動。 ``` sudo sysv-rc-conf nginx on ``` 查看nginx的運行等級的情況。 ``` $ sudo sysv-rc-conf --list nginx ``` 完結。