Spring實用功能--Profile、WebService、緩存、消息、ORM · spring學習摘記

[ Spring實用功能--Profile、WebService、緩存、消息、ORM](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667) [TOC=1,3] 本篇介紹一些Spring與其他框架結合的實用功能，包括：Apache CXF WebService框架、Redis緩存、RabbitMQ消息、MyBatis框架。另外對于Profile，也是Spring3.0開始新加的功能，對于開發測試環境、和生產環境分別采用不同的配置，有一定用處。 # Profile Spring3.1新屬性管理API：PropertySource、Environment、Profile。 Environment：環境，本身是一個PropertyResolver，但是提供了Profile特性，即可以根據環境得到相應數據（即激活不同的Profile，可以得到不同的屬性數據，比如用于多環境場景的配置（正式機、測試機、開發機DataSource配置））。 Profile：剖面，只有激活的剖面的組件/配置才會注冊到Spring容器，類似于maven中profile，Spring 3.1增加了一個在不同環境之間簡單切換的profile概念, 可以在不修改任何文件的情況下讓工程分別在 dev/test/production 等環境下運行。為了減小部署維護，可以讓工程會默認運行在dev模式，而測試環境和生產環境通過增加jvm參數激活 production的profile. 比如，對于如下的一個例子，由于測試環境和生產環境，連接數據庫的方式不一樣，可以有如下的解決辦法： 1、首先ApplicationContext.xml中，xsi:schemaLocation需要引用3.2的xsd 2、ApplicationContext.xml配置如下： **[html]**?[view plain](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "view plain")?[copy](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "copy")?[print](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "print")[?](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "?")[![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2015-10-13_561c56d3593bb.png)](https://code.csdn.net/snippets/432712 "在CODE上查看代碼片")[![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2015-10-13_561c56d363c1b.svg)](https://code.csdn.net/snippets/432712/fork "派生到我的代碼片") ~~~ 1. beans?profile="production">?? 2. ????bean?id="dataSourcejdbc"?class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">?? 3. ????????property?name="jndiName"?value="java:/MySqlDS_JDBC"?/>?? 4. ????bean>?? 5. beans>?? 6. beans?profile="dev">?? 7. ????bean?id="dataSourcejdbc"?class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">?? 8. ????????property?name="driverClassName"?value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>?? 9. ????????property?name="url"?value="jdbc:mysql://IP:3306/db?characterEncoding=utf-8"/>?? 10. ????????property?name="username"?value="root"/>?? 11. ????????property?name="password"?value="root"/>?? 12. ????bean>?? 13. beans>?? ~~~ 3、開發環境配置，在web.xml中，如下配置： **[html]**?[view plain](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "view plain")?[copy](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "copy")?[print](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "print")[?](http://blog.csdn.net/puma_dong/article/details/38036667# "?")[![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2015-10-13_561c56d3593bb.png)](https://code.csdn.net/snippets/432712 "在CODE上查看代碼片")[![](https://box.kancloud.cn/2015-10-13_561c56d363c1b.svg)](https://code.csdn.net/snippets/432712/fork "派生到我的代碼片") ~~~ 1. context-param>???? 2. ????param-name>spring.profiles.defaultparam-name>???? 3. ????param-value>devparam-value>???? 4. context-param>?? ~~~ 4、生產環境配置比如，對于Jboss，在bin/run.conf里面，增加啟動參數：-Dspring.profiles.active=production `JAVA_OPTS="-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m -Dorg.jboss.resolver.warning=true -Dsun.rmi.dgc.client.gcInterval=3600000 -Dsun.rmi.dgc.server.gcInterval=3600000 -Dsun.lang.ClassLoader.allowArraySyntax=true -Dorg.terracotta.quartz.skipUpdateCheck=true -Dspring.profiles.active=production"` 以上是對于Web項目中如何利用profile的一種演示，如果是maven項目，也可以在maven打包時采用不同的profile，命令如下： mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Ponline 通過P參數采用不同的profile，這樣可以實現為開發、測試、生產打出不同的包。不過，不推薦這種打包方式，應該是對于開發、測試、生產打出一樣的包，然后根據機器本身的環境，來決定程序是按照那種環境來運行。如果公司有根據環境變量的自動化部署方式（比如dev/test/stage/online)，則這個profile是非常管用的。 # WebService Java生態下的WebService框架非常多，apache cxf 是與spring結合最好的一種。配置步驟如下： 1、pom.xml，增加依賴： ~~~ 1. dependency>?? 2. ????groupId>org.apache.cxfgroupId>?? 3. ????artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxwsartifactId>?? 4. ????version>2.7.5version>?? 5. dependency>?? 6. dependency>?? 7. ????groupId>org.apache.cxfgroupId>?? 8. ????artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-httpartifactId>?? 9. ????version>2.7.5version>?? 10. dependency>?? ~~~ 2、web.xml，增加servlet: ?? ~~~ 1. ?? 2. <servlet>?? 3. ????servlet-name>cxfservlet-name>?? 4. ????servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServletservlet-class>?? 5. ????load-on-startup>2load-on-startup>?? 6. </servlet>?? 7. <servlet-mapping>?? 8. ????servlet-name>cxfservlet-name>?? 9. ????url-pattern>/*url-pattern>?? 10. </servlet-mapping>?? 11. ?? ~~~ 3、resources目錄下，增加applicationContext-cxf.xml，內容如下： ~~~ 1. <xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>?? 2. beans?xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"?? 3. ?xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"?? 4. ?xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans?http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd?? 5. ????http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws?http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">?? 6. ?? 7. ?import?resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"?/>?? 8. ?import?resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"?/>?-->?? 9. ?? 10. ?jaxws:endpoint?implementor="#basicWebService"?address="/BasicWebService"?/>?? 11. beans>?? ~~~ 4、BasicWebService來的內容大致如下： ~~~ 1. @WebService(name?=?"BasicWebService",?serviceName?=?"BasicWebService",?portName?=?"BasicWebServicePort",?targetNamespace?=?"http://api.domain.com/ws")?? 2. @Service?? 3. public?class?BasicWebService?{?? 4. ?@WebMethod?? 5. ?public?void?sendHtmlMail(@WebParam(name?=?"headName")?String?headName,?? 6. ???@WebParam(name?=?"sendHtml")?String?sendHtml)?{?? 7. ??sendMail.doSendHtmlEmail(headName,?sendHtml);?? 8. ?}?? 9. }?? ~~~ 使用Apache CXF框架，是被Spring容器管理的，也就是說，BasicWebService本身可以設置@Service標記，也可以在BasicWebService中使用@Autowired進行注入。而其他框架的WebService，比如Jboss直接通過Servlet方式暴露的WebService就不能這樣，只能通過一個SpringContextHolder手動從Spring容器中拿，大致如下： 1、首先在web.xml中增加WebService類的servlet，如下： ~~~ 1. ?? 2. servlet>?? 3. ????servlet-name>BasicWebServiceservlet-name>?? 4. ????servlet-class>com.xx.BasisWebServiceservlet-class>?? 5. servlet>?? 6. servlet-mapping>?? 7. ????servlet-name>BasicWebServiceservlet-name>?? 8. ????url-pattern>/BasicWebServiceurl-pattern>?? 9. servlet-mapping>?? 10. ???? ~~~ 2、BasicWebService的內容大致如下： ~~~ 1. @WebService(name?=?"BasicWebService",?serviceName?=?"BasicWebService",?portName?=?"BasicWebServicePort",?targetNamespace?=?"http://api.sina.com/ws")?? 2. public?class?BasicWebService?{?? 3. ?? 4. ????//這是從Spring容器中拿對象，SpringContextHolder是一個實現了org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware的類?? 5. ????private?ISystemConfigService?systemConfigService?=?SpringContextHolder.getBean(ISystemConfigService.class);?? 6. ?? 7. ????@WebMethod?? 8. ????public?String?test(@WebParam(name?=?"inputpara")?String?inputpara)?{?? 9. ????????return?inputpara?+?"_100";?? 10. ????}?? 11. }?? ~~~ # Redis Spring可以簡化調用Redis的操作，配置大致如下： 1、pom.xml增加依賴： ~~~ 1. groupId>org.springframework.datagroupId>?? 2. artifactId>spring-data-redisartifactId>?? 3. version>1.0.6.RELEASEversion>?? 4. lt;/dependency>?? ~~~ 2、resources目錄下，增加applicationContext-redis.xml，內容如下： ~~~ 1. xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>?? 2. beans?xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"?? 3. ???????xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"?? 4. ???????xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"?? 5. ???????xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"?? 6. ???????xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans??http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd?? 7. ?http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache?http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd">?????? 8. ????description>Spring-cachedescription>?? 9. ????cache:annotation-driven/>?? 10. ????bean?id="cacheManager"?class="org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager">?? 11. ????????constructor-arg?name="template"?index="0"?ref="redisTemplate"/>?? 12. ????bean>?? 13. ????bean?id="jedisPoolConfig"?class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">?? 14. ????????property?name="maxActive"?value="${redis.pool.maxActive}"/>?? 15. ????????property?name="maxIdle"?value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}"/>?? 16. ????????property?name="maxWait"?value="${redis.pool.maxWait}"/>?? 17. ????????property?name="testOnBorrow"?value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}"/>?? 18. ????bean>?? 19. ?????? 20. ????bean?id="jedisConnectionFactory"?class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">?? 21. ????????property?name="hostName"?value="${redis.ip}"/>?? 22. ????????property?name="port"?value="${redis.port}"/>?? 23. ????????property?name="poolConfig"?ref="jedisPoolConfig"/>?? 24. ????bean>?? 25. ?????? 26. ????bean?id="redisTemplate"?class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate"?p:connection-factory-ref="jedisConnectionFactory">?? 27. ????????property?name="keySerializer"?ref="stringRedisSerializer"/>?? 28. ????bean>?? 29. ????bean?id="stringRedisSerializer"?class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer"/>?? 30. beans>?? ~~~ 3、緩存寫入參考實現： ~~~ 1. @Service?? 2. public?class?BrandBaseServiceImpl?implements?IBrandBaseService?{?? 3. ????@Override?? 4. ????@Cacheable(value?=?CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_BRAND_REDIS_CACHE,?key?=?"'commodity:webservice:all:brand:list'")?? 5. ????public?List?getAllBrands()?{?? 6. ?????try?? 7. ?????{?? 8. ??????List?brands?=?brandMapper.getAllBrands();?? 9. ??????return?brands;?? 10. ?????}?catch?(Exception?ex)?? 11. ?????{?? 12. ??????logger.error(ex.toString());?? 13. ??????return?null;??????? 14. ?????}?? 15. ????}?? 16. ????@Override?? 17. ????@Cacheable(value?=?CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_BRAND_REDIS_CACHE,?key?=?"'commodity:webservice:brand:no:'+#brandNo")?? 18. ????public?Brand?getBrandByNo(String?brandNo)?{?? 19. ????????if?(StringUtils.isBlank(brandNo))?? 20. ????????????return?null;?? 21. ????????return?brandMapper.getBrandByNo(brandNo);?? 22. ????}?? 23. }?? ~~~ 4、緩存清除參考實現： ~~~ 1. @Service?? 2. public?class?RedisCacheUtil?{?? 3. ??? 4. ?private?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());?? 5. ????@Autowired?? 6. ????private?RedisTemplate?redisTemplate;?? 7. ????@Autowired?? 8. ????private?JedisConnectionFactory?jedisConnectionFactory;?????? 9. ????@CacheEvict(value?=?CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_CATEGORY_REDIS_CACHE,?key?=?"'commodity:webservice:category:no:'+#categoryNo")?? 10. ????public?void?cleanCatCacheByNo(String?categoryNo)?? 11. ????{?? 12. ?????List?keys?=?new?ArrayList();?? 13. ????????logger.info("[商品服務端]清理分類categoryNo：{}緩存,REDIS?SERVER地址：{}",?categoryNo,?jedisConnectionFactory.getHostName()?+?":"?+?jedisConnectionFactory.getPort());?? 14. ????????if?(StringUtils.hasText(categoryNo))?{?? 15. ?????????keys.add("commodity:webservice:category:no:"?+?categoryNo);?? 16. ????????????cleanAgain(keys);?? 17. ????????}?? 18. ????}?????? 19. ????@CacheEvict(value?=?CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_SYSTEMCONFIG_REDIS_CACHE,?allEntries?=?true)?? 20. ????public?void?cleanSystemConfigAll()?? 21. ????{?? 22. ?????logger.info("[商品服務端]清楚SystemConfig緩存");?? 23. ????}?????? 24. ????/**? 25. ?????*?考慮到主從延遲可能會導致緩存更新失效，延遲再清理一次緩存? 26. ?????*?@param?keys?需要清除緩存的KEY? 27. ?????*/?? 28. ????private?void?cleanAgain(List?keys)?{?? 29. ????????if?(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keys))?{?? 30. ????????????return;?? 31. ????????}?? 32. ????????for?(String?key?:?keys)?{?? 33. ????????????logger.info("清理緩存，KEY：{}",?key);?? 34. ????????????redisTemplate.delete(key);?? 35. ????????}?? 36. ????}?? 37. }???? ~~~ # RabbitMQ Spring也可以簡化使用RabbitMQ的操作，配置大致如下： 1、pom.xml增加依賴： ~~~ 1. <dependency>?? 2. ????groupId>org.springframework.amqpgroupId>?? 3. ????artifactId>spring-amqpartifactId>?? 4. ????version>${spring.amqp.version}version>?? 5. </dependency>?? 6. <dependency>?? 7. ????groupId>org.springframework.amqpgroupId>?? 8. ????artifactId>spring-rabbitartifactId>?? 9. ????version>${spring.amqp.version}version>?? 10. </dependency>?? ~~~ 2、發送消息代碼例子： ~~~ 1. @Service?? 2. public?class?MessageSendServiceImpl?implements?IMessageSendService?{??? 3. ?private?static?final?String?EXCHANGE?=?"amq.topic";??? 4. ?@Autowired?? 5. ?private?volatile?RabbitTemplate?rabbitTemplate;??? 6. ?private?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());?? 7. ?@Override?? 8. ?public?Boolean?sendMessage(String?commodityNo)?{?? 9. ??Commodity?c?=?getCommodity(commodityNo);?? 10. ??//?發送rabbitMQ消息(topic)?? 11. ??rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE,?"commodity.update.topic",?c);?? 12. ??logger.info("發送消息成功(topic)：商品編號："?+?commodityNo);?? 13. ??return?true;?? 14. ?}??? 15. }?? ~~~ 3、resources目錄下，增加applicationContext-rabbitmq.xml，用來配置接收消息，內容如下： ~~~ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">  <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" addresses="${rabbitmq.host}" /> <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" /> <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" channel-transacted="true" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" /> <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"> <property name="classMapper"> <bean class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.DefaultClassMapper"> </bean> </property> </bean>  <rabbit:queue id="queue的id，可以和name一樣" name="queue的名字，在rabbitmq控制臺可以看到，例如commodity.update.topic.queue"> <rabbit:queue-arguments> <entry key="x-ha-policy" value="all" /> </rabbit:queue-arguments> </rabbit:queue>   <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" channel-transacted="true" error-handler="rabbitMqErrorHandler" concurrency="10" auto-startup="true"> <rabbit:listener queues="rabbit:queue中定義的name或者id" ref="commodityUpdateListener" method="handleMessage" /> </rabbit:listener-container> <rabbit:topic-exchange name="amq.topic" > <rabbit:bindings>  <rabbit:binding pattern="發送方的routingKey，對于上面的發送就是commodity.update.topic" queue="queue的名字，在rabbitmq控制臺可以看到，例如commodity.update.topic.queue"/> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:topic-exchange> </beans> ~~~ 4、接收消息代碼例子： ~~~ 1. @Component?? 2. public?class?CommodityUpdateListener?{?? 3. ?public?void?handleMessage(Commodity?commodity)?{?? 4. ??if(commodity==null)?? 5. ??{?? 6. ???logger.info("XXX");?? 7. ???return;?? 8. ??}?? 9. ??//處理邏輯?? 10. ?}?? 11. }?? ~~~ 5、處理消息錯誤代碼例子： ~~~ 1. @Component?? 2. public?class?RabbitMqErrorHandler?implements?ErrorHandler?{?? 3. ??? 4. ?private?static?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitMqErrorHandler.class);?? 5. ??? 6. ?@Override?? 7. ?public?void?handleError(Throwable?t)?{?? 8. ??logger.error("Receive?rabbitmq?message?error:{}",?t);??? 9. ?}?? 10. }?? ~~~ # MyBatis Spring可以大大簡化使用MyBatis這種ORM框架，定義出接口和Mapper文件之后，Spring可以自動幫我們生成實現類。我曾經在DotNet框架下使用過MyBatis.Net，所有的Mapper的實現類都需要手工寫代碼，而Spring幫我節省了很多編碼工作量。大致配置步驟如下： 1、pom.xml增加依賴： ~~~ 1. dependency>?? 2. ????groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>?? 3. ????artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId>?? 4. ????version>1.1.1version>?? 5. dependency>?? 6. dependency>?? 7. ????groupId>org.mybatis.cachesgroupId>?? 8. ????artifactId>mybatis-ehcacheartifactId>?? 9. ????version>1.0.1version>?? 10. dependency>?? ~~~ 2、resources目錄下，applicationContext.xml中，一般放置關于mybatis的配置，內容如下： ~~~ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> <description>Spring公共配置</description>  <context:annotation-config />  <aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xx"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan>  <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" /> <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" /> <property name="locations"> <list>  <value>classpath*:/application.properties</value> <value>classpath*:/config.properties</value>  <value>file:/d:/conf/pcconf/*.properties</value>  <value>file:/etc/conf/pcconf/*.properties</value> </list> </property>  </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc"/> </bean>  <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc" /> </bean> <bean id="sqlSessionFactoryWrite" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc" /> </bean>  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactoryWrite" /> <property name="basePackage" value="com/xx/pc/template" /> </bean> <beans profile="production"> <bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="java:/MySqlDS_JDBC" /> </bean> </beans> <beans profile="dev"> <bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://ip:3306/dbname?characterEncoding=utf-8"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> </beans> </beans> ~~~ 3、定義接口，及在src/main/resource對應接口的包路徑下定義同名的xml配置文件即可。 Spring初始化完畢后，會自動幫我們生成Mapper的實現類。