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                ??碼云GVP開源項目 12k star Uniapp+ElementUI 功能強大 支持多語言、二開方便! 廣告
                # 集合 - [簡介](#introduction) - [創建集合](#creating-collections) - [擴展集合](#extending-collections) - [可用方法](#available-methods) - [高階信息](#higher-order-messages) <a name="introduction"></a> ## 簡介 `Illuminate\Support\Collection` 類提供了一個更具可讀性和更便于處理數組數據的封裝。具體例子請查看下面代碼。我們使用 `collect` 輔助函數從數組中創建一個新的集合實例,對其中每一個元素執行 `strtoupper` 函數之后再刪除所有的空元素: $collection = collect(['taylor', 'abigail', null])->map(function ($name) { return strtoupper($name); }) ->reject(function ($name) { return empty($name); }); 正如你所見, `Collection` 類允許你鏈式調用其它方法,以達到在底層數組上流暢的執行 map 和 reduce 操作,通常,集合是不可變的,這意味著每一個 `Collection` 方法都會返回一個新的 `Collection` 實例。 <a name="creating-collections"></a> ### 創建集合 如上所述, `collect` 輔助函數會為指定的數組返回一個新的 `Illuminate\Support\Collection` 實例。因此,我們可以這樣輕松的創建一個集合: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3]); > {tip} 通常,[Eloquent](/docs/{{version}}/eloquent) 查詢的結果返回的內容都是 `Collection` 實例。 <a name="extending-collections"></a> ### 擴展集合 集合都是「可宏擴展」(macroable)的,它允許你在執行時將其它方法添加到 `Collection` 類。例如,通過下面的代碼在 `Collection` 類中添加一個 `toUpper` 方法: use Illuminate\Support\Str; Collection::macro('toUpper', function () { return $this->map(function ($value) { return Str::upper($value); }); }); $collection = collect(['first', 'second']); $upper = $collection->toUpper(); // ['FIRST', 'SECOND'] 通常,你應該在 [服務提供者](/docs/{{version}}/providers) 內聲明集合宏。 <a name="available-methods"></a> ## 可用方法 接下來的文檔內容,我們會探討 `Collection` 類的每個方法。請牢記,所有方法都可以通過鏈式訪問的形式優雅的操作數組。而且,幾乎所有的方法都會返回一個新的 `Collection` 實例,允許你在必要時保存集合的原始副本: <style> #collection-method-list > p { column-count: 3; -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-gap: 2em; -moz-column-gap: 2em; -webkit-column-gap: 2em; } #collection-method-list a { display: block; } </style> <div id="collection-method-list" markdown="1"> [all](#method-all) [average](#method-average) [avg](#method-avg) [chunk](#method-chunk) [collapse](#method-collapse) [combine](#method-combine) [concat](#method-concat) [contains](#method-contains) [containsStrict](#method-containsstrict) [count](#method-count) [crossJoin](#method-crossjoin) [dd](#method-dd) [diff](#method-diff) [diffAssoc](#method-diffassoc) [diffKeys](#method-diffkeys) [dump](#method-dump) [each](#method-each) [eachSpread](#method-eachspread) [every](#method-every) [except](#method-except) [filter](#method-filter) [first](#method-first) [firstWhere](#method-first-where) [flatMap](#method-flatmap) [flatten](#method-flatten) [flip](#method-flip) [forget](#method-forget) [forPage](#method-forpage) [get](#method-get) [groupBy](#method-groupby) [has](#method-has) [implode](#method-implode) [intersect](#method-intersect) [intersectByKeys](#method-intersectbykeys) [isEmpty](#method-isempty) [isNotEmpty](#method-isnotempty) [keyBy](#method-keyby) [keys](#method-keys) [last](#method-last) [macro](#method-macro) [make](#method-make) [map](#method-map) [mapInto](#method-mapinto) [mapSpread](#method-mapspread) [mapToGroups](#method-maptogroups) [mapWithKeys](#method-mapwithkeys) [max](#method-max) [median](#method-median) [merge](#method-merge) [min](#method-min) [mode](#method-mode) [nth](#method-nth) [only](#method-only) [pad](#method-pad) [partition](#method-partition) [pipe](#method-pipe) [pluck](#method-pluck) [pop](#method-pop) [prepend](#method-prepend) [pull](#method-pull) [push](#method-push) [put](#method-put) [random](#method-random) [reduce](#method-reduce) [reject](#method-reject) [reverse](#method-reverse) [search](#method-search) [shift](#method-shift) [shuffle](#method-shuffle) [slice](#method-slice) [some](#method-some) [sort](#method-sort) [sortBy](#method-sortby) [sortByDesc](#method-sortbydesc) [sortKeys](#method-sortkeys) [sortKeysDesc](#method-sortkeysdesc) [splice](#method-splice) [split](#method-split) [sum](#method-sum) [take](#method-take) [tap](#method-tap) [times](#method-times) [toArray](#method-toarray) [toJson](#method-tojson) [transform](#method-transform) [union](#method-union) [unique](#method-unique) [uniqueStrict](#method-uniquestrict) [unless](#method-unless) [unlessEmpty](#method-unlessempty) [unlessNotEmpty](#method-unlessnotempty) [unwrap](#method-unwrap) [values](#method-values) [when](#method-when) [whenEmpty](#method-whenempty) [whenNotEmpty](#method-whennotempty) [where](#method-where) [whereStrict](#method-wherestrict) [whereBetween](#method-wherebetween) [whereIn](#method-wherein) [whereInStrict](#method-whereinstrict) [whereInstanceOf](#method-whereinstanceof) [whereNotBetween](#method-wherenotbetween) [whereNotIn](#method-wherenotin) [whereNotInStrict](#method-wherenotinstrict) [wrap](#method-wrap) [zip](#method-zip) </div> <a name="method-listing"></a> ## 方法列表 <style> #collection-method code { font-size: 14px; } #collection-method:not(.first-collection-method) { margin-top: 50px; } </style> <a name="method-all"></a> #### `all()` {#collection-method .first-collection-method} `all` 方法返回該集合表示的底層數組: collect([1, 2, 3])->all(); // [1, 2, 3] <a name="method-average"></a> #### `average()` {#collection-method} [`avg`](#method-avg) 方法的別名。 <a name="method-avg"></a> #### `avg()` {#collection-method} `avg` 方法返回給定鍵的 [平均值](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average) : $average = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->avg('foo'); // 20 $average = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->avg(); // 2 <a name="method-chunk"></a> #### `chunk()` {#collection-method} `chunk` 方法將集合拆成多個給定大小的小集合: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]); $chunks = $collection->chunk(4); $chunks->toArray(); // [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7]] 這個方法在使用網格系統的 [視圖](/docs/{{version}}/views) 中特別適用,例如 [Bootstrap](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.1/layout/grid/)。 想象你有一個 [Eloquent](/docs/{{version}}/eloquent) 模型的集合要在網格中顯示: @foreach ($products->chunk(3) as $chunk) <div class="row"> @foreach ($chunk as $product) <div class="col-xs-4">{{ $product->name }}</div> @endforeach </div> @endforeach <a name="method-collapse"></a> #### `collapse()` {#collection-method} `collapse` 方法將多個數組的集合合并成一個數組的集合: $collection = collect([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]); $collapsed = $collection->collapse(); $collapsed->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] <a name="method-combine"></a> #### `combine()` {#collection-method} `combine` 方法可以將一個集合的值作為鍵,再將另一個數組或集合的值作為值合并成一個集合: $collection = collect(['name', 'age']); $combined = $collection->combine(['George', 29]); $combined->all(); // ['name' => 'George', 'age' => 29] <a name="method-concat"></a> #### `concat()` {#collection-method} `concat` 方法將給定的 `數組` 或集合值追加到集合的末尾: $collection = collect(['John Doe']); $concatenated = $collection->concat(['Jane Doe'])->concat(['name' => 'Johnny Doe']); $concatenated->all(); // ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe', 'Johnny Doe'] <a name="method-contains"></a> #### `contains()` {#collection-method} `contains` 方法判斷集合是否包含指定的集合項: $collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]); $collection->contains('Desk'); // true $collection->contains('New York'); // false 你也可以使用 `contains` 方法傳遞一組鍵 / 值對,可以判斷該鍵 / 值對是否存在于集合中: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ]); $collection->contains('product', 'Bookcase'); // false 最后,你也可以用 `contains` 方法傳遞一個回調函數來執行自己的真實測試: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->contains(function ($value, $key) { return $value > 5; }); // false `contains` 方法在檢查集合項的值時使用「寬松」比較,這意味著具有整數值的字符串將被視為等于相同值的整數。相反 [`containsStrict`](#method-containsstrict) 方法則是使用「嚴格」比較進行過濾。 <a name="method-containsstrict"></a> #### `containsStrict()` {#collection-method} 這個方法和 [`contains`](#method-contains) 方法類似,但是它卻是使用了「嚴格」比較來比較所有的值。 <a name="method-count"></a> #### `count()` {#collection-method} `count` 方法返回這個集合內集合項的總數量: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]); $collection->count(); // 4 <a name="method-crossjoin"></a> #### `crossJoin()` {#collection-method} `crossJoin` 方法交叉連接指定數組或集合的值,返回所有可能排列的笛卡爾積: $collection = collect([1, 2]); $matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b']); $matrix->all(); /* [ [1, 'a'], [1, 'b'], [2, 'a'], [2, 'b'], ] */ $collection = collect([1, 2]); $matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b'], ['I', 'II']); $matrix->all(); /* [ [1, 'a', 'I'], [1, 'a', 'II'], [1, 'b', 'I'], [1, 'b', 'II'], [2, 'a', 'I'], [2, 'a', 'II'], [2, 'b', 'I'], [2, 'b', 'II'], ] */ <a name="method-dd"></a> #### `dd()` {#collection-method} `dd` 方法用于打印集合項并中斷腳本執行: $collection = collect(['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']); $collection->dd(); /* Collection { #items: array:2 [ 0 => "John Doe" 1 => "Jane Doe" ] } */ 如果你不想中斷執行腳本,請使用 [`dump`](#method-dump) 方法代替。 <a name="method-diff"></a> #### `diff()` {#collection-method} `diff` 方法將集合與其它集合或純 PHP `數組` 進行值的比較。然后返回原集合中存在而指定集合中不存在的值: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $diff = $collection->diff([2, 4, 6, 8]); $diff->all(); // [1, 3, 5] <a name="method-diffassoc"></a> #### `diffAssoc()` {#collection-method} `diffAssoc` 方法與另外一個集合或基于它的鍵和值的 PHP `數組` 進行比較。這個方法將會返回原集合不存在于指定集合的鍵 / 值對: $collection = collect([ 'color' => 'orange', 'type' => 'fruit', 'remain' => 6 ]); $diff = $collection->diffAssoc([ 'color' => 'yellow', 'type' => 'fruit', 'remain' => 3, 'used' => 6 ]); $diff->all(); // ['color' => 'orange', 'remain' => 6] <a name="method-diffkeys"></a> #### `diffKeys()` {#collection-method} `diffKeys` 方法和另外一個集合或 PHP `數組` 的鍵進行比較,然后返回原集合中存在而指定集合中不存在鍵所對應的鍵 / 值對: $collection = collect([ 'one' => 10, 'two' => 20, 'three' => 30, 'four' => 40, 'five' => 50, ]); $diff = $collection->diffKeys([ 'two' => 2, 'four' => 4, 'six' => 6, 'eight' => 8, ]); $diff->all(); // ['one' => 10, 'three' => 30, 'five' => 50] <a name="method-dump"></a> #### `dump()` {#collection-method} `dump` 方法用于打印集合項: $collection = collect(['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']); $collection->dump(); /* Collection { #items: array:2 [ 0 => "John Doe" 1 => "Jane Doe" ] } */ 如果要在打印集合后終止執行腳本,請使用 [`dd`](#method-dd) 方法代替。 <a name="method-each"></a> #### `each()` {#collection-method} `each` 方法用于循環集合項并將其傳遞到回調函數中: $collection->each(function ($item, $key) { // }); 如果你想中斷對集合項的循環,那么就在你的回調函數中返回 `false` : $collection->each(function ($item, $key) { if (/* 某些條件 */) { return false; } }); <a name="method-eachspread"></a> #### `eachSpread()` {#collection-method} `eachSpread` 方法用于循環集合項,將每個嵌套集合項的值傳遞給回調函數: $collection = collect([['John Doe', 35], ['Jane Doe', 33]]); $collection->eachSpread(function ($name, $age) { // }); 你可以通過在回調函數里返回 `false` 來中斷循環: $collection->eachSpread(function ($name, $age) { return false; }); <a name="method-every"></a> #### `every()` {#collection-method} `every` 方法可用于驗證集合中的每一個元素是否通過指定的條件測試: collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->every(function ($value, $key) { return $value > 2; }); // false 如果集合為空, `every` 將返回 true: $collection = collect([]); $collection->every(function($value, $key) { return $value > 2; }); // true <a name="method-except"></a> #### `except()` {#collection-method} `except` 方法返回集合中除了指定鍵之外的所有集合項: $collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]); $filtered = $collection->except(['price', 'discount']); $filtered->all(); // ['product_id' => 1] 與 `except` 對應的是 [only](#method-only) 方法。 <a name="method-filter"></a> #### `filter()` {#collection-method} `filter` 方法使用給定的回調函數過濾集合,只保留那些通過指定條件測試的集合項,方法調用的結果是具有自定義鍵值的數組,鍵值為該元素在原數組中的默認順序索引鍵: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]); $filtered = $collection->filter(function ($value, $key) { return $value > 2; }); $filtered->all(); // ['2' => 3 , '3' => 4] 如果沒有提供回調函數,集合中所有返回 `false` 的元素都會被移除: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, null, false, '', 0, []]); $collection->filter()->all(); // ['0' => 1,'1' => 2,'2' => 3] 與 `filter` 對應的是 [reject](#method-reject) 方法。 <a name="method-first"></a> #### `first()` {#collection-method} `first` 方法返回集合中通過指定條件測試的第一個元素: collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first(function ($value, $key) { return $value > 2; }); // 3 你也可以不傳入參數調用 `first` 方法來獲取集合中的第一個元素。如果集合為空,則會返回 `null` : collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first(); // 1 <a name="method-first-where"></a> #### `firstWhere()` {#collection-method} `firstWhere` 方法返回集合中含有指定鍵 / 值對的第一個元素: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'Regena', 'age' => null], ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14], ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23], ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 84], ]); $collection->firstWhere('name', 'Linda'); // ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14] 你也可以使用運算符來調用 `firstWhere` 方法: $collection->firstWhere('age', '>=', 18); // ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23] 和 [where](#method-where) 方法一樣,你可以將一個參數傳遞給 `firstWhere` 方法。在這種情況下, `firstWhere` 方法將返回指定鍵的值為「真」的第一個集合項: $collection->firstWhere('age'); // ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14] <a name="method-flatmap"></a> #### `flatMap()` {#collection-method} `flatMap` 方法遍歷集合并將其中的每個值傳遞到給定的回調函數。可以通過回調函數修改集合項并返回它們,從而形成一個被修改過的新集合。然后,集合轉化的數組是同級的: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'Sally'], ['school' => 'Arkansas'], ['age' => 28] ]); $flattened = $collection->flatMap(function ($values) { return array_map('strtoupper', $values); }); $flattened->all(); // ['name' => 'SALLY', 'school' => 'ARKANSAS', 'age' => '28']; <a name="method-flatten"></a> #### `flatten()` {#collection-method} `flatten` 方法將多維集合轉為一維集合: $collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'languages' => ['php', 'javascript']]); $flattened = $collection->flatten(); $flattened->all(); // ['taylor', 'php', 'javascript']; 你可以選擇性地傳入「深度」參數: $collection = collect([ 'Apple' => [ ['name' => 'iPhone 6S', 'brand' => 'Apple'], ], 'Samsung' => [ ['name' => 'Galaxy S7', 'brand' => 'Samsung'] ], ]); $products = $collection->flatten(1); $products->values()->all(); /* [ ['name' => 'iPhone 6S', 'brand' => 'Apple'], ['name' => 'Galaxy S7', 'brand' => 'Samsung'], ] */ 在這個例子里,調用 `flatten` 時不傳入深度參數的話也會將嵌套數組轉成一維的,然后返回 `['iPhone 6S', 'Apple', 'Galaxy S7', 'Samsung']`。傳入深度參數能讓你限制設置返回數組的層數。 <a name="method-flip"></a> #### `flip()` {#collection-method} `flip` 方法將集合的鍵和對應的值進行互換: $collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']); $flipped = $collection->flip(); $flipped->all(); // ['taylor' => 'name', 'laravel' => 'framework'] <a name="method-forget"></a> #### `forget()` {#collection-method} `forget` 方法將通過指定的鍵來移除集合中對應的內容: $collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']); $collection->forget('name'); $collection->all(); // ['framework' => 'laravel'] > {note} 與大多數集合的方法不同的是, `forget` 不會返回修改后的新集合;它會直接修改原集合。 <a name="method-forpage"></a> #### `forPage()` {#collection-method} `forPage` 方法返回一個含有指定頁碼數集合項的新集合。這個方法接受頁碼數作為其第一個參數,每頁顯示的項數作為其第二個參數: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]); $chunk = $collection->forPage(2, 3); $chunk->all(); // [4, 5, 6] <a name="method-get"></a> #### `get()` {#collection-method} `get` 方法返回指定鍵的集合項,如果該鍵在集合中不存在,則返回 `null`: $collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']); $value = $collection->get('name'); // taylor 你可以任選一個默認值作為第二個參數傳遞: $collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']); $value = $collection->get('foo', 'default-value'); // default-value 你甚至可以將一個回調函數作為默認值傳遞。如果指定的鍵不存在,就會返回回調函數的結果: $collection->get('email', function () { return 'default-value'; }); // default-value <a name="method-groupby"></a> #### `groupBy()` {#collection-method} `groupBy` 方法根據指定鍵對集合項進行分組: $collection = collect([ ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'], ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'], ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'], ]); $grouped = $collection->groupBy('account_id'); $grouped->toArray(); /* [ 'account-x10' => [ ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'], ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'], ], 'account-x11' => [ ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'], ], ] */ 你可以傳遞一個回調函數用來代替一個字符串的 `鍵`。這個回調函數應該返回你希望用來分組的鍵的值: $grouped = $collection->groupBy(function ($item, $key) { return substr($item['account_id'], -3); }); $grouped->toArray(); /* [ 'x10' => [ ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'], ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'], ], 'x11' => [ ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'], ], ] */ 可以傳遞一個數組用于多重分組標準。每一個數組元素將對應多維數組內的相應級別: $data = new Collection([ 10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']], 20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']], 30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']], 40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']], ]); $result = $data->groupBy([ 'skill', function ($item) { return $item['roles']; }, ], $preserveKeys = true); /* [ 1 => [ 'Role_1' => [ 10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']], 20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']], ], 'Role_2' => [ 20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']], ], 'Role_3' => [ 10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']], ], ], 2 => [ 'Role_1' => [ 30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']], ], 'Role_2' => [ 40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']], ], ], ]; */ <a name="method-has"></a> #### `has()` {#collection-method} `has` 方法判斷集合中是否存在指定鍵: $collection = collect(['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk', 'amount' => 5]); $collection->has('product'); // true $collection->has(['product', 'amount']); // true $collection->has(['amount', 'price']); // false <a name="method-implode"></a> #### `implode()` {#collection-method} `implode` 方法用于合并集合項。其參數取決于集合項的類型。如果集合包含數組或對象,你應該傳遞你希望合并的屬性的鍵,以及你希望放在值之間用來「拼接」的字符串: $collection = collect([ ['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk'], ['account_id' => 2, 'product' => 'Chair'], ]); $collection->implode('product', ', '); // Desk, Chair 如果集合中包含簡單的字符串或數值,只需要傳入「拼接」用的字符串作為該方法的唯一參數即可: collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->implode('-'); // '1-2-3-4-5' <a name="method-intersect"></a> #### `intersect()` {#collection-method} `intersect` 方法從原集合中移除在指定 `數組` 或集合中不存在的任何值。生成的集合將會保留原集合的鍵: $collection = collect(['Desk', 'Sofa', 'Chair']); $intersect = $collection->intersect(['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase']); $intersect->all(); // [0 => 'Desk', 2 => 'Chair'] <a name="method-intersectbykeys"></a> #### `intersectByKeys()` {#collection-method} `intersectByKeys` 方法從原集合中移除在指定 `數組` 或集合中不存在的任何鍵: $collection = collect([ 'serial' => 'UX301', 'type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009 ]); $intersect = $collection->intersectByKeys([ 'reference' => 'UX404', 'type' => 'tab', 'year' => 2011 ]); $intersect->all(); // ['type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009] <a name="method-isempty"></a> #### `isEmpty()` {#collection-method} 如果集合為空,`isEmpty` 方法返回 `true`,否則,返回 `false`: collect([])->isEmpty(); // true <a name="method-isnotempty"></a> #### `isNotEmpty()` {#collection-method} 如果集合不為空,`isNotEmpty` 方法返回 `true`,否則,返回 `false`: collect([])->isNotEmpty(); // false <a name="method-keyby"></a> #### `keyBy()` {#collection-method} `keyBy` 方法以指定的鍵作為集合的鍵。如果多個集合項具有相同的鍵,則只有最后一個集合項會顯示在新集合中: $collection = collect([ ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'], ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'], ]); $keyed = $collection->keyBy('product_id'); $keyed->all(); /* [ 'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'], 'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'], ] */ 你還可以在這個方法傳遞一個回調函數。該回調函數返回的值會作為該集合的鍵: $keyed = $collection->keyBy(function ($item) { return strtoupper($item['product_id']); }); $keyed->all(); /* [ 'PROD-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'], 'PROD-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'], ] */ <a name="method-keys"></a> #### `keys()` {#collection-method} `keys` 方法返回集合中所有的鍵: $collection = collect([ 'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'], 'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'], ]); $keys = $collection->keys(); $keys->all(); // ['prod-100', 'prod-200'] <a name="method-last"></a> #### `last()` {#collection-method} `last` 方法返回集合中通過指定條件測試的最后一個元素: collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->last(function ($value, $key) { return $value < 3; }); // 2 你也可以不傳入參數調用 `last` 方法來獲取集合中的最后一個元素。如果集合為空,則返回 `null`: collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->last(); // 4 <a name="method-macro"></a> #### `macro()` {#collection-method} 靜態 `macro` 方法允許你在運行時將方法添加至 `Collection` 類。關于更多信息,請參閱 [擴展集合](#extending-collections) 的文檔。 <a name="method-make"></a> #### `make()` {#collection-method} 靜態 `make` 方法可以創建一個新的集合實例。請參閱 [創建集合](#creating-collections) 部分。 <a name="method-map"></a> #### `map()` {#collection-method} `map` 方法遍歷集合并將每一個值傳入給定的回調函數。該回調函數可以任意修改集合項并返回,從而生成被修改過集合項的新集合: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $multiplied = $collection->map(function ($item, $key) { return $item * 2; }); $multiplied->all(); // [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] > {note} 與其它大多數集合方法一樣,`map` 會返回一個新的集合實例;它不會修改原集合。如果你想修改原集合,請使用 [`transform`](#method-transform) 方法。 <a name="method-mapinto"></a> #### `mapInto()` {#collection-method} `mapInto()` 方法可以迭代集合,通過將值傳遞給構造函數來創建給定類的新實例: class Currency { /** * Create a new currency instance. * * @param string $code * @return void */ function __construct(string $code) { $this->code = $code; } } $collection = collect(['USD', 'EUR', 'GBP']); $currencies = $collection->mapInto(Currency::class); $currencies->all(); // [Currency('USD'), Currency('EUR'), Currency('GBP')] <a name="method-mapspread"></a> #### `mapSpread()` {#collection-method} `mapSpread` 方法可以遍歷集合項,將每個嵌套項值給指定的回調函數。該回調函數可以自由修改該集合項并返回,從而生成被修改過集合項的新集合: $collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]); $chunks = $collection->chunk(2); $sequence = $chunks->mapSpread(function ($even, $odd) { return $even + $odd; }); $sequence->all(); // [1, 5, 9, 13, 17] <a name="method-maptogroups"></a> #### `mapToGroups()` {#collection-method} `mapToGroups` 方法通過給定的回調函數對集合項進行分組。該回調函數應該返回一個包含單個鍵 / 值對的關聯數組,從而生成一個分組值的新集合: $collection = collect([ [ 'name' => 'John Doe', 'department' => 'Sales', ], [ 'name' => 'Jane Doe', 'department' => 'Sales', ], [ 'name' => 'Johnny Doe', 'department' => 'Marketing', ] ]); $grouped = $collection->mapToGroups(function ($item, $key) { return [$item['department'] => $item['name']]; }); $grouped->toArray(); /* [ 'Sales' => ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe'], 'Marketing' => ['Johnny Doe'], ] */ $grouped->get('Sales')->all(); // ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe'] <a name="method-mapwithkeys"></a> #### `mapWithKeys()` {#collection-method} `mapWithKeys` 方法遍歷集合并將每個值傳入給定的回調函數。該回調函數將返回一個包含單個鍵 / 值對的關聯數組: $collection = collect([ [ 'name' => 'John', 'department' => 'Sales', 'email' => 'john@example.com' ], [ 'name' => 'Jane', 'department' => 'Marketing', 'email' => 'jane@example.com' ] ]); $keyed = $collection->mapWithKeys(function ($item) { return [$item['email'] => $item['name']]; }); $keyed->all(); /* [ 'john@example.com' => 'John', 'jane@example.com' => 'Jane', ] */ <a name="method-max"></a> #### `max()` {#collection-method} `max` 方法返回指定鍵的最大值: $max = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20]])->max('foo'); // 20 $max = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->max(); // 5 <a name="method-median"></a> #### `median()` {#collection-method} `median` 方法返回指定鍵的 [中值](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median): $median = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->median('foo'); // 15 $median = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->median(); // 1.5 <a name="method-merge"></a> #### `merge()` {#collection-method} `merge` 方法將合并指定的數組或集合到原集合。如果給定的集合項的字符串鍵與原集合中的字符串鍵相匹配,則指定集合項的值將覆蓋原集合的值: $collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100]); $merged = $collection->merge(['price' => 200, 'discount' => false]); $merged->all(); // ['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 200, 'discount' => false] 如果指定的集合項的鍵是數字,這些值將會追加到集合的末尾: $collection = collect(['Desk', 'Chair']); $merged = $collection->merge(['Bookcase', 'Door']); $merged->all(); // ['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase', 'Door'] <a name="method-min"></a> #### `min()` {#collection-method} `min` 方法返回指定鍵的最小值: $min = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20]])->min('foo'); // 10 $min = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->min(); // 1 <a name="method-mode"></a> #### `mode()` {#collection-method} `mode` 方法返回指定鍵的 [眾數](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_(statistics)) : $mode = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->mode('foo'); // [10] $mode = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->mode(); // [1] <a name="method-nth"></a> #### `nth()` {#collection-method} `nth` 方法創建由每隔 n 個元素組成的一個新集合: $collection = collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']); $collection->nth(4); // ['a', 'e'] 你可以選擇傳入一個偏移位置作為第二個參數: $collection->nth(4, 1); // ['b', 'f'] <a name="method-only"></a> #### `only()` {#collection-method} `only` 方法返回集合中所有指定鍵的集合項: $collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]); $filtered = $collection->only(['product_id', 'name']); $filtered->all(); // ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk'] 與 `only` 對應的是 [except](#method-except) 方法。 <a name="method-pad"></a> #### `pad()` {#collection-method} `pad` 方法將使用給定的值填充數組,直到數組達到指定的大小。該方法的行為與 [array_pad](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.array-pad.php) PHP 函數功能類似。 要填充到左側,你應該使用負值。如果給定大小的絕對值小于或等于數組的長度,則不會發生填充: $collection = collect(['A', 'B', 'C']); $filtered = $collection->pad(5, 0); $filtered->all(); // ['A', 'B', 'C', 0, 0] $filtered = $collection->pad(-5, 0); $filtered->all(); // [0, 0, 'A', 'B', 'C'] <a name="method-partition"></a> #### `partition()` {#collection-method} `partition` 方法可以和 PHP 函數中的 `list` 結合使用,用來分開通過指定條件的元素以及那些不通過指定條件的元素: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]); list($underThree, $equalOrAboveThree) = $collection->partition(function ($i) { return $i < 3; }); $underThree->all(); // [1, 2] $equalOrAboveThree->all(); // [3, 4, 5, 6] <a name="method-pipe"></a> #### `pipe()` {#collection-method} `pipe` 方法將集合傳給指定的回調函數并返回結果: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3]); $piped = $collection->pipe(function ($collection) { return $collection->sum(); }); // 6 <a name="method-pluck"></a> #### `pluck()` {#collection-method} `pluck` 方法可以獲取集合中指定鍵對應的所有值: $collection = collect([ ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'], ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'], ]); $plucked = $collection->pluck('name'); $plucked->all(); // ['Desk', 'Chair'] 你也可以通過傳入第二個參數來指定生成集合的鍵: $plucked = $collection->pluck('name', 'product_id'); $plucked->all(); // ['prod-100' => 'Desk', 'prod-200' => 'Chair'] 如果存在重復的鍵,則最后一個匹配元素將被插入到彈出的集合中: $collection = collect([ ['brand' => 'Tesla', 'color' => 'red'], ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'white'], ['brand' => 'Tesla', 'color' => 'black'], ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'orange'], ]); $plucked = $collection->pluck('color', 'brand'); $plucked->all(); // ['Tesla' => 'black', 'Pagani' => 'orange'] <a name="method-pop"></a> #### `pop()` {#collection-method} `pop` 方法從集合中移除并返回最后一個集合項: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->pop(); // 5 $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4] <a name="method-prepend"></a> #### `prepend()` {#collection-method} `prepend` 方法將指定的值添加的集合的開頭: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->prepend(0); $collection->all(); // [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 你也可以傳遞第二個參數來設置新增加集合項的鍵: $collection = collect(['one' => 1, 'two' => 2]); $collection->prepend(0, 'zero'); $collection->all(); // ['zero' => 0, 'one' => 1, 'two' => 2] <a name="method-pull"></a> #### `pull()` {#collection-method} `pull` 方法把指定鍵對應的值從集合中移除并返回: $collection = collect(['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk']); $collection->pull('name'); // 'Desk' $collection->all(); // ['product_id' => 'prod-100'] <a name="method-push"></a> #### `push()` {#collection-method} `push` 方法把指定的值追加到集合項的末尾: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]); $collection->push(5); $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] <a name="method-put"></a> #### `put()` {#collection-method} `put` 方法在集合內設置給定的鍵值對: $collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']); $collection->put('price', 100); $collection->all(); // ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100] <a name="method-random"></a> #### `random()` {#collection-method} `random` 方法從集合中返回一個隨機項: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->random(); // 4 - (retrieved randomly) 你可以選擇傳入一個整數到 `random` 來指定要獲取的隨即項的數量。只要你顯示傳遞你希望接收的數量時,則會返回項目的集合: $random = $collection->random(3); $random->all(); // [2, 4, 5] - (retrieved randomly) 如果集合的項小于指定的數量,則該方法將拋出 `InvalidArgumentException`。 <a name="method-reduce"></a> #### `reduce()` {#collection-method} `reduce` 方法將每次迭代的結果傳遞給下一次迭代直到集合減少為單個值: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3]); $total = $collection->reduce(function ($carry, $item) { return $carry + $item; }); // 6 第一次迭代時 `$carry` 的數值為 `null`; however,你也可以通過傳入第二個參數到 `reduce` 來指定它的初始值: $collection->reduce(function ($carry, $item) { return $carry + $item; }, 4); // 10 <a name="method-reject"></a> #### `reject()` {#collection-method} `reject` 方法使用指定的回調函數過濾集合。如果回調函數返回 `true` 就會把對應的集合項從集合中移除: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]); $filtered = $collection->reject(function ($value, $key) { return $value > 2; }); $filtered->all(); // [1, 2] 與 `reject` 方法對應的是 [`filter`](#method-filter) 方法。 <a name="method-reverse"></a> #### `reverse()` {#collection-method} `reverse` 方法用來倒轉集合項的順序,并保留原始的鍵: $collection = collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']); $reversed = $collection->reverse(); $reversed->all(); /* [ 4 => 'e', 3 => 'd', 2 => 'c', 1 => 'b', 0 => 'a', ] */ <a name="method-search"></a> #### `search()` {#collection-method} `search` 方法在集合中搜索給定的值并返回它的鍵。如果沒有找到,則返回 `false` 。 $collection = collect([2, 4, 6, 8]); $collection->search(4); // 1 使用 「寬松」的方式進行搜索,這意味著具有整數值的字符串會被認為等于相同值的整數。使用 「嚴格」的方式進行搜索,就傳入 `true` 作為該方法的第二個參數: $collection->search('4', true); // false 或者,你可以通過傳遞回調函數來搜索通過條件測試的第一個集合項: $collection->search(function ($item, $key) { return $item > 5; }); // 2 <a name="method-shift"></a> #### `shift()` {#collection-method} `shift` 方法移除并返回集合的第一個集合項: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->shift(); // 1 $collection->all(); // [2, 3, 4, 5] <a name="method-shuffle"></a> #### `shuffle()` {#collection-method} `shuffle` 方法隨機打亂集合項: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $shuffled = $collection->shuffle(); $shuffled->all(); // [3, 2, 5, 1, 4] - (generated randomly) <a name="method-slice"></a> #### `slice()` {#collection-method} `slice` 方法返回集合中給定索引開始后面的部分: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]); $slice = $collection->slice(4); $slice->all(); // [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] 如果你想限制返回內容的大小,可以將你期望的大小作為第二個參數傳遞到該方法: $slice = $collection->slice(4, 2); $slice->all(); // [5, 6] 默認情況下,返回的內容將會保留原始鍵。如果你不希望保留原始鍵,你可以使用 [`values`](#method-values) 方法來重新建立索引。 <a name="method-some"></a> #### `some()` {#collection-method} [`contains`](#method-contains) 方法的別名。 <a name="method-sort"></a> #### `sort()` {#collection-method} `sort` 方法對集合進行排序。排序后的集合會保留原數組的鍵,所以在這個例子我們將使用 [`values`](#method-values) 方法去把鍵重置為連續編號的索引: $collection = collect([5, 3, 1, 2, 4]); $sorted = $collection->sort(); $sorted->values()->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 如果你有更高級的排序需求,可以通過自己的算法將回調函數傳遞到 `sort` 。請參閱 PHP 文檔的 [`uasort`](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.uasort.php#refsect1-function.uasort-parameters) ,這是集合的 `sort` 方法在底層所調用的。 > {tip} 如果你需要對嵌套數組或對象進行排序,請參照 [`sortBy`](#method-sortby) 和 [`sortByDesc`](#method-sortbydesc) 方法。 <a name="method-sortby"></a> #### `sortBy()` {#collection-method} `sortBy` 方法將根據指定鍵對集合進行排序。排序后的集合會保留原始數組的鍵,所以在這個例子中我們使用 [`values`](#method-values) 方法將鍵重置為連續編號的索引: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ]); $sorted = $collection->sortBy('price'); $sorted->values()->all(); /* [ ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ] */ 你也可以傳遞你自己的回調函數用于決定如何對集合的值進行排序: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']], ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']], ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']], ]); $sorted = $collection->sortBy(function ($product, $key) { return count($product['colors']); }); $sorted->values()->all(); /* [ ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']], ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']], ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']], ] */ <a name="method-sortbydesc"></a> #### `sortByDesc()` {#collection-method} 該方法與 [`sortBy`](#method-sortby) 方法一樣,但是會以相反的順序來對集合進行排序。 <a name="method-sortkeys"></a> #### `sortKeys()` {#collection-method} `sortKeys` 方法通過底層關聯數組的鍵來對集合進行排序: $collection = collect([ 'id' => 22345, 'first' => 'John', 'last' => 'Doe', ]); $sorted = $collection->sortKeys(); $sorted->all(); /* [ 'first' => 'John', 'id' => 22345, 'last' => 'Doe', ] */ <a name="method-sortkeysdesc"></a> #### `sortKeysDesc()` {#collection-method} 該方法與 [`sortKeys`](#method-sortkeys) 方法一樣,但是會以相反的順序來對集合進行排序。 <a name="method-splice"></a> #### `splice()` {#collection-method} `splice` 方法移除并返回指定索引開始的集合項片段: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $chunk = $collection->splice(2); $chunk->all(); // [3, 4, 5] $collection->all(); // [1, 2] 你可以傳遞第二個參數用以限制被刪除內容的大小: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1); $chunk->all(); // [3] $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 4, 5] 此外,你可以傳入含有新參數項的第三個參數來代替集合中刪除的集合項: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1, [10, 11]); $chunk->all(); // [3] $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 10, 11, 4, 5] <a name="method-split"></a> #### `split()` {#collection-method} `split` 方法將集合按照給定的值拆分: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $groups = $collection->split(3); $groups->toArray(); // [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]] <a name="method-sum"></a> #### `sum()` {#collection-method} `sum` 方法返回集合內所有項的和: collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->sum(); // 15 如果集合包含嵌套數組或對象,則應該傳入一個鍵來指定要進行求和的值: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Good Parts', 'pages' => 176], ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Definitive Guide', 'pages' => 1096], ]); $collection->sum('pages'); // 1272 另外,你可以傳入自己的回調函數來決定要用集合中的哪些值進行求和: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']], ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']], ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']], ]); $collection->sum(function ($product) { return count($product['colors']); }); // 6 <a name="method-take"></a> #### `take()` {#collection-method} `take` 方法返回給定數量項的新集合: $collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $chunk = $collection->take(3); $chunk->all(); // [0, 1, 2] 你也可以傳遞負整數從集合末尾獲取指定數量的項: $collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $chunk = $collection->take(-2); $chunk->all(); // [4, 5] <a name="method-tap"></a> #### `tap()` {#collection-method} `tap` 方法將給定的回調函數傳入該集合,允許你在一個特定點「tap」集合,并在不影響集合本身的情況下對集合項執行某些操作: collect([2, 4, 3, 1, 5]) ->sort() ->tap(function ($collection) { Log::debug('Values after sorting', $collection->values()->toArray()); }) ->shift(); // 1 <a name="method-times"></a> #### `times()` {#collection-method} 靜態 `times` 方法通過調用給定次數的回調函數來創建新集合: $collection = Collection::times(10, function ($number) { return $number * 9; }); $collection->all(); // [9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90] 使用這個方法可以與工廠結合使用創建出 [Eloquent](/docs/{{version}}/eloquent) 模型: $categories = Collection::times(3, function ($number) { return factory(Category::class)->create(['name' => "Category No. $number"]); }); $categories->all(); /* [ ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'Category #1'], ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Category #2'], ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'Category #3'], ] */ <a name="method-toarray"></a> #### `toArray()` {#collection-method} `toArray` 方法將集合轉換成 PHP `數組` 。如果集合的值是 [Eloquent](/docs/{{version}}/eloquent) 模型,那也會被轉換成數組: $collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]); $collection->toArray(); /* [ ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ] */ > {note} `toArray` 也會將所有集合的嵌套對象轉換為數組。如果你想獲取原數組,可以使用 [`all`](#method-all) 方法。 <a name="method-tojson"></a> #### `toJson()` {#collection-method} `toJson` 方法將集合轉換成 JSON 字符串: $collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]); $collection->toJson(); // '{"name":"Desk", "price":200}' <a name="method-transform"></a> #### `transform()` {#collection-method} `transform` 方法迭代集合并對每一個集合項調用給定的回調函數。而集合的內容也會被回調函數的返回值所取代: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); $collection->transform(function ($item, $key) { return $item * 2; }); $collection->all(); // [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] > {note} 與大多數集合方法不同, `transform` 會修改集合本身。如果你想創建新集合,可以使用 [`map`](#method-map) 方法。 <a name="method-union"></a> #### `union()` {#collection-method} `union` 方法將給定的數組添加到集合。如果給定的數組含有與原集合一樣的鍵,則原集合的值不會被改變: $collection = collect([1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b']]); $union = $collection->union([3 => ['c'], 1 => ['b']]); $union->all(); // [1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b'], 3 => ['c']] <a name="method-unique"></a> #### `unique()` {#collection-method} `unique` 方法返回集合中所有唯一項。返回的集合保留著原數組的鍵,所以在這個例子中,我們使用 [`values`](#method-values) 方法把鍵重置為連續編號的索引: $collection = collect([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2]); $unique = $collection->unique(); $unique->values()->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4] 在處理嵌套數組或對象時,你可以指定用于確定唯一性的鍵: $collection = collect([ ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'iPhone 5', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'], ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'], ]); $unique = $collection->unique('brand'); $unique->values()->all(); /* [ ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'], ] */ 你也可以通過傳遞自己的回調函數來確定項的唯一性: $unique = $collection->unique(function ($item) { return $item['brand'].$item['type']; }); $unique->values()->all(); /* [ ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'], ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'], ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'], ] */ `unique` 方法在檢查項目值時使用「寬松」模式比較,意味著具有整數值的字符串將被視為等于相同值的整數。你可以使用 [`uniqueStrict`](#method-uniquestrict) 方法做「嚴格」模式比較。 <a name="method-uniquestrict"></a> #### `uniqueStrict()` {#collection-method} 這個方法與 [`unique`](#method-unique) 方法一樣,然而,所有的值是用 「嚴格」模式來比較的。 <a name="method-unless"></a> #### `unless()` {#collection-method} `unless` 方法當傳入的第一個參數不為 `true` 的時候,將執行給定的回調函數: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3]); $collection->unless(true, function ($collection) { return $collection->push(4); }); $collection->unless(false, function ($collection) { return $collection->push(5); }); $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 5] 與 `unless` 對應的是 [`when`](#method-when) 方法。 <a name="method-unlessempty"></a> #### `unlessEmpty()` {#collection-method} [`whenNotEmpty`](#method-whennotempty) 方法的別名。 <a name="method-unlessnotempty"></a> #### `unlessNotEmpty()` {#collection-method} [`whenEmpty`](#method-whenempty) 方法的別名。 <a name="method-unwrap"></a> #### `unwrap()` {#collection-method} 靜態 `unwrap` 方法返回集合內部的可用值: Collection::unwrap(collect('John Doe')); // ['John Doe'] Collection::unwrap(['John Doe']); // ['John Doe'] Collection::unwrap('John Doe'); // 'John Doe' <a name="method-values"></a> #### `values()` {#collection-method} `values` 方法返回鍵被重置為連續編號的新集合: $collection = collect([ 10 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], 11 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200] ]); $values = $collection->values(); $values->all(); /* [ 0 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], 1 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ] */ <a name="method-when"></a> #### `when()` {#collection-method} `when` 方法當傳入的第一個參數為 `true` 時,將執行給定的回調函數: $collection = collect([1, 2, 3]); $collection->when(true, function ($collection) { return $collection->push(4); }); $collection->when(false, function ($collection) { return $collection->push(5); }); $collection->all(); // [1, 2, 3, 4] 與 `when` 對應的是 [`unless`](#method-unless) 方法。 <a name="method-whenempty"></a> #### `whenEmpty()` {#collection-method} `whenEmpty` 方法當集合為空時,將執行給定的回調函數: $collection = collect(['michael', 'tom']); $collection->whenEmpty(function ($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }); $collection->all(); // ['michael', 'tom'] $collection = collect(); $collection->whenEmpty(function ($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }); $collection->all(); // ['adam'] $collection = collect(['michael', 'tom']); $collection->whenEmpty(function($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }, function($collection) { return $collection->push('taylor'); }); $collection->all(); // ['michael', 'tom', 'taylor'] 與 `whenEmpty` 對應的是 [`whenNotEmpty`](#method-whennotempty) 方法。 <a name="method-whennotempty"></a> #### `whenNotEmpty()` {#collection-method} `whenNotEmpty` 方法當集合不為空時,將執行給定的回調函數: $collection = collect(['michael', 'tom']); $collection->whenNotEmpty(function ($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }); $collection->all(); // ['michael', 'tom', 'adam'] $collection = collect(); $collection->whenNotEmpty(function ($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }); $collection->all(); // [] $collection = collect(); $collection->whenNotEmpty(function($collection) { return $collection->push('adam'); }, function($collection) { return $collection->push('taylor'); }); $collection->all(); // ['taylor'] 與 `whenNotEmpty` 對應的是 [`whenEmpty`](#method-whenempty) 方法。 <a name="method-where"></a> #### `where()` {#collection-method} `where` 方法通過給定的鍵 / 值對過濾集合: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ]); $filtered = $collection->where('price', 100); $filtered->all(); /* [ ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ] */ `where` 方法在檢查集合項值時使用「寬松」模式比較,這意味著具有整數值的字符串會被認為等于相同值的整數。你可以使用 [`whereStrict`](#method-wherestrict) 方法進行「嚴格」模式比較。 <a name="method-wherestrict"></a> #### `whereStrict()` {#collection-method} 這個方法與 [`where`](#method-where) 方法類似;不同的是會用「嚴格」的模式比較。 <a name="method-wherebetween"></a> #### `whereBetween()` {#collection-method} `whereBetween` 方法會用給定的范圍對集合進行過濾: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 80], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Pencil', 'price' => 30], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ]); $filtered = $collection->whereBetween('price', [100, 200]); $filtered->all(); /* [ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ] */ <a name="method-wherein"></a> #### `whereIn()` {#collection-method} `whereIn` 會根據包含給定數組的鍵 / 值對來過濾集合: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ]); $filtered = $collection->whereIn('price', [150, 200]); $filtered->all(); /* [ ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ] */ `whereIn` 方法使用「寬松」的比較來檢查集合項的值,這意味著具有整數值的字符串會被視為等于相同值的整數。你可以使用 [`whereInStrict`](#method-whereinstrict) 方法進行「嚴格」模式比較。 <a name="method-whereinstrict"></a> #### `whereInStrict()` {#collection-method} 這個方法與 [`whereIn`](#method-wherein) 方法類似;不同的是會使用「嚴格」模式進行比較。 <a name="method-whereinstanceof"></a> #### `whereInstanceOf()` {#collection-method} `whereInstanceOf` 方法根據指定的類來過濾集合: $collection = collect([ new User, new User, new Post, ]); return $collection->whereInstanceOf(User::class); <a name="method-wherenotbetween"></a> #### `whereNotBetween()` {#collection-method} `whereNotBetween` 方法在指定的范圍內過濾集合: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 80], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Pencil', 'price' => 30], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ]); $filtered = $collection->whereNotBetween('price', [100, 200]); $filtered->all(); /* [ ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 80], ['product' => 'Pencil', 'price' => 30], ] */ <a name="method-wherenotin"></a> #### `whereNotIn()` {#collection-method} `whereNotIn` 方法根據通過指定的鍵和不含有指定數組的值來對集合進行過濾: $collection = collect([ ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200], ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ]); $filtered = $collection->whereNotIn('price', [150, 200]); $filtered->all(); /* [ ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100], ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100], ] */ `whereNotIn` 方法使用「寬松」模式比較來檢查集合項的值,這意味著具有整數值的字符串將被視為等于相同值的整數。你可以使用 [`whereNotInStrict`](#method-wherenotinstrict) 方法做 「嚴格」模式比較。 <a name="method-wherenotinstrict"></a> #### `whereNotInStrict()` {#collection-method} 這個方法與 [`whereNotIn`](#method-wherenotin) 方法類似;不同的是會使用 「嚴格」模式作比較。 <a name="method-wrap"></a> #### `wrap()` {#collection-method} 靜態 `wrap` 方法在適當的情況下將指定的值放在集合中: $collection = Collection::wrap('John Doe'); $collection->all(); // ['John Doe'] $collection = Collection::wrap(['John Doe']); $collection->all(); // ['John Doe'] $collection = Collection::wrap(collect('John Doe')); $collection->all(); // ['John Doe'] <a name="method-zip"></a> #### `zip()` {#collection-method} `zip` 方法將指定數組的值和相應索引的原集合的值合并在一起: $collection = collect(['Chair', 'Desk']); $zipped = $collection->zip([100, 200]); $zipped->all(); // [['Chair', 100], ['Desk', 200]] <a name="higher-order-messages"></a> ## 高階消息傳遞 集合也提供對「高階消息傳遞」的支持,即集合常見操作的快捷方式。支持高階消息傳遞的集合方法有: [`average`](#method-average), [`avg`](#method-avg), [`contains`](#method-contains), [`each`](#method-each), [`every`](#method-every), [`filter`](#method-filter), [`first`](#method-first), [`flatMap`](#method-flatmap), [`groupBy`](#method-groupby), [`keyBy`](#method-keyby), [`map`](#method-map), [`max`](#method-max), [`min`](#method-min), [`partition`](#method-partition), [`reject`](#method-reject), [`some`](#method-some), [`sortBy`](#method-sortby), [`sortByDesc`](#method-sortbydesc), [`sum`](#method-sum), and [`unique`](#method-unique)。 每個高階消息傳遞都能作為集合實例的動態的屬性來訪問。例如,使用 `each` 高階消息傳遞在集合中的每個對象上調用一個方法: $users = User::where('votes', '>', 500)->get(); $users->each->markAsVip(); 同樣,我們可以使用 `sum` 高階消息傳遞來收集 users 集合中的「投票」總數: $users = User::where('group', 'Development')->get(); return $users->sum->votes;
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