? ? ?版權聲明：本文為博主原創文章，未經博主允許不得轉載。如需轉載請聲明：【轉自 http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023 】 ? ? ?如果看到過我前些天寫過的《[輕松把玩HttpClient之模擬post請求示例](http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49863967)》這篇文章，你再看本文就是小菜一碟了，如果你順便懂一些NIO，基本上是毫無壓力了。因為HttpAsyncClient相對于HttpClient，就多了一個NIO，這也是為什么支持異步的原因。 ? ? ?不過我有一個疑問，雖說NIO是同步非阻塞IO，但是HttpAsyncClient提供了回調的機制，這點兒跟netty很像，所以可以模擬類似于AIO的效果。但是[官網上的例子](http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-asyncclient-4.1.x/httpasyncclient/examples/org/apache/http/examples/nio/client/AsyncClientHttpExchange.java)卻基本上都是使用Future<HttpResponse> future = httpclient.execute(request, null);來同步獲得執行結果。 ? ? ?好吧，反正我是用回調的方式實現的。代碼基本上跟httpClient那篇一致。不一樣的地方主要有這么2個地方：配置ssl時不一樣；調用execute方式時，使用回調。具體代碼如下： ~~~ package com.tgb.ccl.http.simpledemo; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.Reader; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.KeyStoreException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpHost; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.ParseException; import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.concurrent.FutureCallback; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultProxyRoutePlanner; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.CloseableHttpAsyncClient; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.HttpAsyncClientBuilder; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.HttpAsyncClients; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.conn.PoolingNHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.reactor.DefaultConnectingIOReactor; import org.apache.http.impl.nio.reactor.IOReactorConfig; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.nio.conn.NoopIOSessionStrategy; import org.apache.http.nio.conn.SchemeIOSessionStrategy; import org.apache.http.nio.conn.ssl.SSLIOSessionStrategy; import org.apache.http.nio.reactor.ConnectingIOReactor; import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; /** * HttpAsyncClient模擬post請求簡單示例 * * @author arron * @date 2015年11月1日 下午2:23:18 * @version 1.0 */ public class SimpleHttpAsyncClientDemo { /** * 設置信任自定義的證書 * * @param keyStorePath 密鑰庫路徑 * @param keyStorepass 密鑰庫密碼 * @return */ public static SSLContext custom(String keyStorePath, String keyStorepass) { SSLContext sc = null; FileInputStream instream = null; KeyStore trustStore = null; try { trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); instream = new FileInputStream(new File(keyStorePath)); trustStore.load(instream, keyStorepass.toCharArray()); // 相信自己的CA和所有自簽名的證書 sc = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()).build(); } catch (KeyStoreException | NoSuchAlgorithmException| CertificateException | IOException | KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { instream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } return sc; } /** * 繞過驗證 * * @return * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException * @throws KeyManagementException */ public static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException { SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3"); // 實現一個X509TrustManager接口，用于繞過驗證，不用修改里面的方法 X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() { @Override public void checkClientTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate, String paramString) throws CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate, String paramString) throws CertificateException { } @Override public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null); return sc; } /** * 設置代理 * @param builder * @param hostOrIP * @param port */ public static HttpAsyncClientBuilder proxy(String hostOrIP, int port){ // 依次是代理地址，代理端口號，協議類型 HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(hostOrIP, port, "http"); DefaultProxyRoutePlanner routePlanner = new DefaultProxyRoutePlanner(proxy); return HttpAsyncClients.custom().setRoutePlanner(routePlanner); } /** * 模擬請求 * * @param url 資源地址 * @param map 參數列表 * @param encoding 編碼 * @param handler 結果處理類 * @return * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException * @throws KeyManagementException * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static void send(String url, Map<String,String> map,final String encoding, final AsyncHandler handler) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { //繞過證書驗證，處理https請求 SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL(); // 設置協議http和https對應的處理socket鏈接工廠的對象 Registry<SchemeIOSessionStrategy> sessionStrategyRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<SchemeIOSessionStrategy>create() .register("http", NoopIOSessionStrategy.INSTANCE) .register("https", new SSLIOSessionStrategy(sslcontext)) .build(); //配置io線程 IOReactorConfig ioReactorConfig = IOReactorConfig.custom().setIoThreadCount(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()).build(); //設置連接池大小 ConnectingIOReactor ioReactor; ioReactor = new DefaultConnectingIOReactor(ioReactorConfig); PoolingNHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingNHttpClientConnectionManager(ioReactor, null, sessionStrategyRegistry, null); //創建自定義的httpclient對象 final CloseableHttpAsyncClient client = proxy("127.0.0.1", 8087).setConnectionManager(connManager).build(); // CloseableHttpAsyncClient client = HttpAsyncClients.createDefault(); //創建post方式請求對象 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); //裝填參數 List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); if(map!=null){ for (Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) { nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } } //設置參數到請求對象中 httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, encoding)); System.out.println("請求地址："+url); System.out.println("請求參數："+nvps.toString()); //設置header信息 //指定報文頭【Content-type】、【User-Agent】 httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)"); // Start the client client.start(); //執行請求操作，并拿到結果（異步） client.execute(httpPost, new FutureCallback<HttpResponse>() { @Override public void failed(Exception ex) { handler.failed(ex); close(client); } @Override public void completed(HttpResponse resp) { String body=""; //這里使用EntityUtils.toString()方式時會大概率報錯，原因：未接受完畢，鏈接已關 try { HttpEntity entity = resp.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { final InputStream instream = entity.getContent(); try { final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); final char[] tmp = new char[1024]; final Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(instream,encoding); int l; while ((l = reader.read(tmp)) != -1) { sb.append(tmp, 0, l); } body = sb.toString(); } finally { instream.close(); EntityUtils.consume(entity); } } } catch (ParseException | IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } handler.completed(body); close(client); } @Override public void cancelled() { handler.cancelled(); close(client); } }); } /** * 關閉client對象 * * @param client */ private static void close(CloseableHttpAsyncClient client) { try { client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } static class AsyncHandler implements IHandler{ @Override public Object failed(Exception e) { System.err.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--失敗了--"+e.getClass().getName()+"--"+e.getMessage()); return null; } @Override public Object completed(String respBody) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--獲取內容："+respBody); return null; } @Override public Object cancelled() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--取消了"); return null; } } /** * 回調處理接口 * * @author arron * @date 2015年11月10日 上午10:05:40 * @version 1.0 */ public interface IHandler { /** * 處理異常時，執行該方法 * @return */ Object failed(Exception e); /** * 處理正常時，執行該方法 * @return */ Object completed(String respBody); /** * 處理取消時，執行該方法 * @return */ Object cancelled(); } } ~~~ ? ? ?來一個測試類： ~~~ public static void main(String[] args) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { AsyncHandler handler = new AsyncHandler(); String url = "http://php.weather.sina.com.cn/iframe/index/w_cl.php"; Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("code", "js"); map.put("day", "0"); map.put("city", "上海"); map.put("dfc", "1"); map.put("charset", "utf-8"); send(url, map, "utf-8", handler); System.out.println("-----------------------------------"); map.put("city", "北京"); send(url, map, "utf-8", handler); System.out.println("-----------------------------------"); } ~~~ ? ? ?測試結果如下：  ? ? ?很簡單吧，其實基于HttpAsyncClient的工具類我也進行了封裝，跟HttpClient工具類差不多。代碼都已經提交至：[https://github.com/Arronlong/httpclientUtil](https://github.com/Arronlong/httpclientUtil)。有興趣的自行下載，博客中就不再分享了。