第一節：安裝pyenv · Python學習文檔

官網： https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv 功能：管理Python解釋器管理Python版本管理python的虛擬環境安裝步驟 1）創建www用戶，使用www用戶登錄系統 [root@python ~]# useradd www && echo "Aa123456" | passwd --stdin www [root@python ~]# su - www 2）安裝依賴包 [www@python ~]$ sudo yum -y install git gcc make patch gdbm-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel zlib-devel bzip-devel 3）安裝pyenv [www@python ~]$ sudo curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash export PATH="/home/www/.pyenv/bin:$PATH" eval "$(pyenv init -)" eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)" 4）添加~/.bash_profile [www@python ~]$ sudo vim /home/www/.bash_profile export PATH="/home/www/.pyenv/bin:$PATH" eval "$(pyenv init -)" eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)" [www@python ~]$ source /home/www/.bash_profile 二）pyenv簡單使用 1）查看可以安裝哪里版本 [www@python ~]$ pyenv install -l 2）安裝某個版本 [www@python ~]$ pyenv install 3.5.3 第二種方法： [www@python ~]$ cd .pyenv/ [www@python .pyenv]$ mkdir cache 然后把下載的包（3.5.3），放到cache目錄里然后執行 pyenv install 3.5.3 然后執行 pyenv install 3.6.1 global Set or show the global Python version （影響所有的，一般情況不用） [www@python ~]$ pyenv version system (set by /home/www/.pyenv/version) [www@python ~]$ pyenv global 3.5.3 [www@python ~]$ pyenv version 3.5.3 (set by /home/www/.pyenv/version) shell Set or show the shell-specific Python version （把當前shell環境改成3.5.3，是會話級別的，一般也不用） [www@python ~]$ pyenv shell 3.5.3 [www@python ~]$ pyenv version 3.5.3 (set by PYENV_VERSION environment variable) [www@python ~]$ cd python_syntax/project/ [www@python project]$ ll total 0 [www@python project]$ pyenv local 3.5.3 [www@python project]$ pyenv version 3.5.3 (set by /home/www/python_syntax/project/.python-version) [www@python project]$ cd .. （在其他目錄下，顯示python版本） [www@python python_syntax]$ pyenv version system (set by /home/www/.pyenv/version) [www@python python_syntax]$ cd project/ [www@python project]$ mkdir syntax （在當前目錄的子目錄下，顯示python版本） [www@python project]$ cd syntax/ [www@python syntax]$ pyenv version 3.5.3 (set by /home/www/python_syntax/project/.python-version) （在指定目錄以及子目錄下，使用指定的python版本，其他目錄使用別的版本）使用虛擬環境 Virtualenv插件 plugins/pyenv-virtualenv 創建出一個3.5.3版本的獨立空間 [www@python syntax]$ pwd /home/www/python_syntax/project/syntax [www@python syntax]$ pyenv virtualenv 3.5.3 yuki353 Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /home/www/.pyenv/versions/3.5.3/envs/yuki353/lib/python3.5/site-packages Requirement already satisfied: pip in /home/www/.pyenv/versions/3.5.3/envs/yuki353/lib/python3.5/site-packages [www@python syntax]$ pyenv versions * system (set by /home/www/python_syntax/project/.python-version) 3.5.3 3.5.3/envs/yuki353 3.6.1 yuki353 [www@python syntax]$ pyenv local yuki353 (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ 二）pip的安裝 [www@python ~]$ mkdir .pip [www@python ~]$ vim ~/.pip/pip.conf [global] index-url=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com ~ [www@python ~]$ cd python_syntax/project/syntax/ (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ pip -V pip 9.0.1 from /home/www/.pyenv/versions/3.5.3/envs/yuki353/lib/python3.5/site-packages (python 3.5) 安裝ipython (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ pip install ipython 查看安裝的包存放位置 [www@python site-packages]$ pwd /home/www/.pyenv/versions/3.5.3/envs/yuki353/lib/python3.5/site-packages [www@python site-packages]$ ll|grep pip drwxrwxr-x. 11 www www 4096 Jan 22 11:49 pip drwxrwxr-x. 2 www www 155 Jan 22 11:49 pip-9.0.1.dist-info (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ pip install jupyter (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ jupyter notebook password Enter password: Verify password: [NotebookPasswordApp] Wrote hashed password to /home/www/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.json (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0 --no-browser [I 13:07:42.212 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /run/user/1000/jupyter/notebook_cookie_secret [I 13:07:42.947 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/www/python_syntax/project/syntax [I 13:07:42.947 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels [I 13:07:42.947 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at: [I 13:07:42.947 NotebookApp] http://0.0.0.0:8888/ [I 13:07:42.947 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation). 使用瀏覽器訪問 ![](https://box.kancloud.cn/8f0b2477d7827493a5ec050d9c7ca834_1131x284.png) 把安裝的包導出來 (yuki353) [www@python syntax]$ pip freeze > /tmp/packages.txt 然后在另一個虛擬環境，把包導入進去 (wangbin353) [www@python syntax]$ pip install -r /tmp/packages.txt (注意：最好在同一個python版本下導出導入，不建議跨版本（python）使用）