CentOS下安裝JDK的四種方法 · JAVA學習

[TOC] 由于各Linux開發廠商的不同,因此不同開發廠商的Linux版本操作細節也不一樣,今天就來說一下CentOS下JDK的安裝： # 方法一：手動解壓JDK的壓縮包，然后設置環境變量 1.在/usr/目錄下創建java目錄 ``` [root@localhost ~]# mkdir/usr/java [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/java ``` 2.下載jdk,然后解壓 ``` [root@localhost java]# curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@localhost java]# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz ``` 3.設置環境變量 ``` [root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile ``` 在profile中添加如下內容： ``` #set java environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79 JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH ``` 讓修改生效： ``` [root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile ``` 4.驗證JDK有效性 ``` [root@localhost java]# java -version java version "1.7.0_79" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode) ``` # 方法二：用yum安裝JDK 1.查看yum庫中都有哪些jdk版本(暫時只發現了openjdk) ``` [root@localhost ~]# yum search java|grep jdk ldapjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle ldapjdk.x86_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK ``` 2.選擇版本，進行安裝 ``` //選擇1.7版本進行安裝 [root@localhost ~]# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk ``` //安裝完之后，默認的安裝目錄是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64 3.設置環境變量 ``` [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile ``` 在profile文件中添加如下內容 ``` #set java environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64 JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH ``` 讓修改生效 ``` [root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile ``` 4.驗證(同上一方法) # 方法三：用rpm安裝JDK 1.下載rpm安裝文件 ``` [root@localhost ~]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm ``` 2.使用rpm命令安裝 ``` [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm ``` 3.設置環境變量 ``` [root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile ``` 在打開的profile文件中添加如下內容： ``` #set java environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79 JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH ``` 讓修改生效 ``` [root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile ``` 4.驗證(同上一方法) 注:和yum安裝類似，不用設置環境變量就可以運行java命令。rpm安裝方式默認會把jdk安裝到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79，然后通過三層鏈接，鏈接到/usr/bin,具體鏈接如下： ``` [root@localhost ~]# cd /bin [root@localhost bin]# ll|grep java lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol [root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/java/ [root@localhost java]# ll total 4 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0_79 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79 ``` # 方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安裝JDK 1.查看apt庫都有哪些jdk版本 ``` root@Itble:~# apt-cache search java|grep jdk default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation) gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM) gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM) openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols) openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples) openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries) openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols) openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples) openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6) uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6) openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless) openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless) openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries) ``` 2.選擇版本進行安裝 ``` root@Itble:~# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk ``` 3.設置環境變量 ``` root@Itble:~# vi /etc/profile ``` 在打開的profile文件中添加如下內容 ``` #set java environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64 JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH ``` 讓修改生效 ``` root@Itble:~# source /etc/profile ``` 4.驗證(同上一方法)