<ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>

    <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"></cite></p>

      <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"><th id="bdb3f"></th></cite></p><p id="bdb3f"></p>
        <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"></cite></p>

          <pre id="bdb3f"></pre>
          <pre id="bdb3f"><del id="bdb3f"><thead id="bdb3f"></thead></del></pre>

          <ruby id="bdb3f"><mark id="bdb3f"></mark></ruby><ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>
          <pre id="bdb3f"><pre id="bdb3f"><mark id="bdb3f"></mark></pre></pre><output id="bdb3f"></output><p id="bdb3f"></p><p id="bdb3f"></p>

          <pre id="bdb3f"><del id="bdb3f"><progress id="bdb3f"></progress></del></pre>

                <ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>

                ??一站式輕松地調用各大LLM模型接口,支持GPT4、智譜、豆包、星火、月之暗面及文生圖、文生視頻 廣告
                本章將介紹 * [gulp-watch-path](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-watch-path) * [stream-combiner2](https://github.com/gulpjs/gulp/blob/master/docs/recipes/combining-streams-to-handle-errors.md) * [gulp-sourcemaps](https://github.com/floridoo/gulp-sourcemaps) * [gulp-autoprefixer](https://github.com/sindresorhus/gulp-autoprefixer/blob/master/package.json) 并將之前所有章節的內容組合起來編寫一個前端項目所需的 gulp 代碼。 你可以在?[nimojs/gulp-demo](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo)?查看完整代碼。 若你不了解npm 請務必閱讀?[npm模塊管理器](http://javascript.ruanyifeng.com/nodejs/npm.html) ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#packagejson)package.json 如果你熟悉 npm 則可以利用?`package.json`?保存所有?`npm install --save-dev gulp-xxx`?模塊依賴和模塊版本。 在命令行輸入 ~~~ npm init ~~~ 會依次要求補全項目信息,不清楚的可以直接回車跳過 ~~~ name: (gulp-demo) version: (1.0.0) description: entry point: (index.js) test command: ... ... Is this ok? (yes) ~~~ 最終會在當前目錄中創建?`package.json`?文件并生成類似如下代碼: ~~~ { "name": "gulp-demo", "version": "0.0.0", "description": "", "scripts": { "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1" }, "repository": { "type": "git", "url": "https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo.git" }, "keywords": [ "gulp", ], "author": "nimojs <nimo.jser@gmail.com>", "license": "MIT", "bugs": { "url": "https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/issues" }, "homepage": "https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo" } ~~~ ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#安裝依賴)安裝依賴 安裝 gulp 到項目(防止全局 gulp 升級后與此項目?`gulpfile.js`?代碼不兼容) ~~~ npm install gulp --save-dev ~~~ 此時打開?`package.json`?會發現多了如下代碼 ~~~ "devDependencies": { "gulp": "^3.8.11" } ~~~ 聲明此項目的開發依賴 gulp 接著安裝其他依賴: > 安裝模塊較多,請耐心等待,若一直安裝失敗可使用[npm.taobao.org](http://npm.taobao.org/) ~~~ npm install gulp-uglify gulp-watch-path stream-combiner2 gulp-sourcemaps gulp-minify-css gulp-autoprefixer gulp-less gulp-ruby-sass gulp-imagemin gulp-util --save-dev ~~~ 此時,[package.json](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/blob/master/package.json)?將會更新 ~~~ "devDependencies": { "colors": "^1.0.3", "gulp": "^3.8.11", "gulp-autoprefixer": "^2.1.0", "gulp-imagemin": "^2.2.1", "gulp-less": "^3.0.2", "gulp-minify-css": "^1.0.0", "gulp-ruby-sass": "^1.0.1", "gulp-sourcemaps": "^1.5.1", "gulp-uglify": "^1.1.0", "gulp-watch-path": "^0.0.7", "stream-combiner2": "^1.0.2" } ~~~ 當你將這份 gulpfile.js 配置分享給你的朋友時,就不需要將?`node_modules/`?發送給他,他只需在命令行輸入 ~~~ npm install ~~~ 就可以檢測?`package.json`?中的?`devDependencies`?并安裝所有依賴。 ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#設計目錄結構)設計目錄結構 我們將文件分為2類,一類是源碼,一類是編譯壓縮后的版本。文件夾分別為?`src`?和?`dist`。(注意區分?`dist`?和 ·`dest`的區別) ~~~ └── src/ │ └── dist/ ~~~ `dist/`?目錄下的文件都是根據?`src/`?下所有源碼文件構建而成。 在?`src/`?下創建前端資源對應的的文件夾 ~~~ └── src/ ├── less/ *.less 文件 ├── sass/ *.scss *.sass 文件 ├── css/ *.css 文件 ├── js/ *.js 文件 ├── fonts/ 字體文件 └── images/ 圖片 └── dist/ ~~~ 你可以點擊?[nimojs/gulp-demo](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/archive/master.zip)?下載本章代碼。 ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#讓命令行輸出的文字帶顏色)讓命令行輸出的文字帶顏色 gulp 自帶的輸出都帶時間和顏色,這樣很容易識別。我們利用?[gulp-util](https://github.com/gulpjs/gulp-util)?實現同樣的效果。 ~~~ var gulp = require('gulp') var gutil = require('gulp-util') gulp.task('default', function () { gutil.log('message') gutil.log(gutil.colors.red('error')) gutil.log(gutil.colors.green('message:') + "some") }) ~~~ 使用?`gulp`?啟動默認任務以測試?[![gulp-util](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/3949015/7137629/a1def1b8-e2ed-11e4-83e0-5a6adb22de6f.png)](https://box.kancloud.cn/2015-07-17_55a8b1cd8a02b.png) ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置-js-任務)配置 JS 任務 ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#gulp-uglify)gulp-uglify 檢測`src/js/`目錄下的 js 文件修改后,壓縮?`js/`?中所有 js 文件并輸出到?`dist/js/`?中 ~~~ var uglify = require('gulp-uglify') gulp.task('uglifyjs', function () { gulp.src('src/js/**/*.js') .pipe(uglify()) .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/js')) }) gulp.task('default', function () { gulp.watch('src/js/**/*.js', ['uglifyjs']) }) ~~~ `src/js/**/*.js`?是 glob 語法。[百度百科:glob模式](http://baike.baidu.com/view/4019153.htm)?、[node-glob](https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob) 在命令行輸入?`gulp`?后會出現如下消息,表示已經啟動。 ~~~ [20:39:50] Using gulpfile ~/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/gulpfile.js [20:39:50] Starting 'default'... [20:39:50] Finished 'default' after 13 ms ~~~ 此時編輯?[src/js/log.js](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/blob/master/src/js/log.js)?文件并保存,命令行會出現如下消息,表示檢測到?`src/js/**/*.js`?文件修改后重新編譯所有 js。 ~~~ [20:39:52] Starting 'js'... [20:39:52] Finished 'js' after 14 ms ~~~ ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#gulp-watch-path)gulp-watch-path 此配置有個性能問題,當?`gulp.watch`?檢測到?`src/js/`?目錄下的js文件有修改時會將所有文件全部編譯。實際上我們只需要重新編譯被修改的文件。 簡單介紹?`gulp.watch`?第二個參數為?`function`?時的用法。 ~~~ gulp.watch('src/js/**/*.js', function (event) { console.log(event); /* 當修改 src/js/log.js 文件時 event { // 發生改變的類型,不管是添加,改變或是刪除 type: 'changed', // 觸發事件的文件路徑 path: '/Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/src/js/log.js' } */ }) ~~~ 我們可以利用?`event`?給到的信息,檢測到某個 js 文件被修改時,只編寫當前修改的 js 文件。 可以利用?`gulp-watch-path`?配合?`event`?獲取編譯路徑和輸出路徑。 ~~~ var watchPath = require('gulp-watch-path') gulp.task('watchjs', function () { gulp.watch('src/js/**/*.js', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/', 'dist/') /* paths { srcPath: 'src/js/log.js', srcDir: 'src/js/', distPath: 'dist/js/log.js', distDir: 'dist/js/', srcFilename: 'log.js', distFilename: 'log.js' } */ gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) gulp.src(paths.srcPath) .pipe(uglify()) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) gulp.task('default', ['watchjs']) ~~~ [use-gulp-watch-path 完整代碼](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/tree/master/demo/chapter7/use-gulp-watch-path.js) **`watchPath(event, search, replace, distExt)`** | 參數 | 說明 | | --- | --- | | event | `gulp.watch`?回調函數的?`event` | | search | 需要被替換的起始字符串 | | replace | 第三個參數是新的的字符串 | | distExt | 擴展名(非必填) | 此時編輯?[src/js/log.js](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/blob/master/src/js/log.js)?文件并保存,命令行會出現消息,表示檢測到?`src/js/log.js`?文件修改后只重新編譯?`log.js`。 ~~~ [21:47:25] changed src/js/log.js [21:47:25] Dist dist/js/log.js ~~~ 你可以訪問?[gulp-watch-path](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-watch-path)?了解更多。 ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#stream-combiner2)stream-combiner2 編輯?`log.js`?文件時,如果文件中有 js 語法錯誤時,gulp 會終止運行并報錯。 當 log.js 缺少?`)` ~~~ log('gulp-book' ~~~ 并保存文件時出現如下錯誤,但是錯誤信息不全面。而且還會讓 gulp 停止運行。 ~~~ events.js:85 throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event ^ Error at new JS_Parse_Error (/Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/node_modules/gulp-uglify/node_modules/uglify-js/lib/parse.js:189:18) ... ... js_error (/Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/node_modules/gulp- -book/demo/chapter7/node_modules/gulp-uglify/node_modules/uglify-js/lib/parse.js:1165:20) at maybe_unary (/Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/node_modules/gulp-uglify/node_modules/uglify-js/lib/parse.js:1328:19) ~~~ 應對這種情況,我們可以使用?[Combining streams to handle errors](https://github.com/gulpjs/gulp/blob/master/docs/recipes/combining-streams-to-handle-errors.md)?文檔中推薦的?[stream-combiner2](https://github.com/substack/stream-combiner2)?捕獲錯誤信息。 ~~~ var handleError = function (err) { var colors = gutil.colors; console.log('\n') gutil.log(colors.red('Error!')) gutil.log('fileName: ' + colors.red(err.fileName)) gutil.log('lineNumber: ' + colors.red(err.lineNumber)) gutil.log('message: ' + err.message) gutil.log('plugin: ' + colors.yellow(err.plugin)) } var combiner = require('stream-combiner2') gulp.task('watchjs', function () { gulp.watch('src/js/**/*.js', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/', 'dist/') /* paths { srcPath: 'src/js/log.js', srcDir: 'src/js/', distPath: 'dist/js/log.js', distDir: 'dist/js/', srcFilename: 'log.js', distFilename: 'log.js' } */ gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) var combined = combiner.obj([ gulp.src(paths.srcPath), uglify(), gulp.dest(paths.distDir) ]) combined.on('error', handleError) }) }) ~~~ [watchjs-1 完整代碼](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/tree/master/demo/chapter7/watchjs-1.js) 此時當編譯錯誤的語法時,命令行會出現錯誤提示。而且不會讓 gulp 停止運行。 ~~~ changed:src/js/log.js dist:dist/js/log.js -------------- Error! fileName: /Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/src/js/log.js lineNumber: 7 message: /Users/nimojs/Documents/code/gulp-book/demo/chapter7/src/js/log.js: Unexpected token eof ?undefined?, expected punc ?,? plugin: gulp-uglify ~~~ ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#gulp-sourcemaps)gulp-sourcemaps JS 壓縮前和壓縮后比較 ~~~ // 壓縮前 var log = function (msg) { console.log('--------'); console.log(msg) console.log('--------'); } log({a:1}) log('gulp-book') // 壓縮后 var log=function(o){console.log("--------"),console.log(o),console.log("--------")};log({a:1}),log("gulp-book"); ~~~ 壓縮后的代碼不存在換行符和空白符,導致出錯后很難調試,好在我們可以使用?[sourcemap](http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2013/01/javascript_source_map.html)?幫助調試 ~~~ var sourcemaps = require('gulp-sourcemaps') // ... var combined = combiner.obj([ gulp.src(paths.srcPath), sourcemaps.init(), uglify(), sourcemaps.write('./'), gulp.dest(paths.distDir) ]) // ... ~~~ [watchjs-2 完整代碼](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/tree/master/demo/chapter7/watchjs-1.js) 此時?`dist/js/`?中也會生成對應的?`.map`?文件,以便使用 Chrome 控制臺調試代碼?[在線文件示例:src/js/](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/blob/master/src/js/) * * * 至此,我們完成了檢測文件修改后壓縮 JS 的 gulp 任務配置。 有時我們也需要一次編譯所有 js 文件。可以配置?`uglifyjs`?任務。 ~~~ gulp.task('uglifyjs', function () { var combined = combiner.obj([ gulp.src('src/js/**/*.js'), sourcemaps.init(), uglify(), sourcemaps.write('./'), gulp.dest('dist/js/') ]) combined.on('error', handleError) }) ~~~ 在命令行輸入?`gulp uglifyjs`?以壓縮?`src/js/`?下的所有 js 文件。 ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置-css-任務)配置 CSS 任務 有時我們不想使用 LESS 或 SASS而是直接編寫 CSS,但我們需要壓縮 CSS 以提高頁面加載速度。 ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#gulp-minify-css)gulp-minify-css 按照本章中壓縮 JS 的方式,先編寫?`watchcss`?任務 ~~~ var minifycss = require('gulp-minify-css') gulp.task('watchcss', function () { gulp.watch('src/css/**/*.css', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/', 'dist/') gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) gulp.src(paths.srcPath) .pipe(sourcemaps.init()) .pipe(minifycss()) .pipe(sourcemaps.write('./')) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) gulp.task('default', ['watchjs','watchcss']) ~~~ ### [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#gulp-autoprefixer)gulp-autoprefixer autoprefixer 解析 CSS 文件并且添加瀏覽器前綴到CSS規則里。 通過示例幫助理解 autoprefixer 處理前: ~~~ .demo { display:flex; } ~~~ autoprefixer 處理后: ~~~ .demo { display:-webkit-flex; display:-ms-flexbox; display:flex; } ~~~ 你只需要關心編寫標準語法的 css,autoprefixer 會自動補全。 在 watchcss 任務中加入 autoprefixer: ~~~ gulp.task('watchcss', function () { gulp.watch('src/css/**/*.css', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/', 'dist/') gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) gulp.src(paths.srcPath) .pipe(sourcemaps.init()) .pipe(autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' })) .pipe(minifycss()) .pipe(sourcemaps.write('./')) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) ~~~ 更多 autoprefixer 參數請查看?[gulp-autoprefixer](https://github.com/sindresorhus/gulp-autoprefixer) 有時我們也需要一次編譯所有 css 文件。可以配置?`minifyss`?任務。 ~~~ gulp.task('minifycss', function () { gulp.src('src/css/**/*.css') .pipe(sourcemaps.init()) .pipe(autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' })) .pipe(minifycss()) .pipe(sourcemaps.write('./')) .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/css/')) }) ~~~ 在命令行輸入?`gulp minifyss`?以壓縮?`src/css/`?下的所有 .css 文件并復制到?`dist/css`?目錄下 ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置-less-任務)配置 Less 任務 參考配置 JavaScript 任務的方式配置 less 任務 ~~~ var less = require('gulp-less') gulp.task('watchless', function () { gulp.watch('src/less/**/*.less', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/less/', 'dist/css/') gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) var combined = combiner.obj([ gulp.src(paths.srcPath), sourcemaps.init(), autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' }), less(), minifycss(), sourcemaps.write('./'), gulp.dest(paths.distDir) ]) combined.on('error', handleError) }) }) gulp.task('lesscss', function () { var combined = combiner.obj([ gulp.src('src/less/**/*.less'), sourcemaps.init(), autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' }), less(), minifycss(), sourcemaps.write('./'), gulp.dest('dist/css/') ]) combined.on('error', handleError) }) gulp.task('default', ['watchjs', 'watchcss', 'watchless']) ~~~ ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置-sass-任務)配置 Sass 任務 參考配置 JavaScript 任務的方式配置 Sass 任務 ~~~ gulp.task('watchsass',function () { gulp.watch('src/sass/**/*', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event, 'src/sass/', 'dist/css/') gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) sass(paths.srcPath) .on('error', function (err) { console.error('Error!', err.message); }) .pipe(sourcemaps.init()) .pipe(minifycss()) .pipe(autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' })) .pipe(sourcemaps.write('./')) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) gulp.task('sasscss', function () { sass('src/sass/') .on('error', function (err) { console.error('Error!', err.message); }) .pipe(sourcemaps.init()) .pipe(minifycss()) .pipe(autoprefixer({ browsers: 'last 2 versions' })) .pipe(sourcemaps.write('./')) .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/css')) }) gulp.task('default', ['watchjs', 'watchcss', 'watchless', 'watchsass', 'watchsass']) ~~~ ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置-image-任務)配置 image 任務 ~~~ var imagemin = require('gulp-imagemin') gulp.task('watchimage', function () { gulp.watch('src/images/**/*', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event,'src/','dist/') gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) gulp.src(paths.srcPath) .pipe(imagemin({ progressive: true })) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) gulp.task('image', function () { gulp.src('src/images/**/*') .pipe(imagemin({ progressive: true })) .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/images')) }) ~~~ ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#配置文件復制任務)配置文件復制任務 復制?`src/fonts/`?文件到?`dist/`?中 ~~~ gulp.task('watchcopy', function () { gulp.watch('src/fonts/**/*', function (event) { var paths = watchPath(event) gutil.log(gutil.colors.green(event.type) + ' ' + paths.srcPath) gutil.log('Dist ' + paths.distPath) gulp.src(paths.srcPath) .pipe(gulp.dest(paths.distDir)) }) }) gulp.task('copy', function () { gulp.src('src/fonts/**/*') .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/fonts/')) }) gulp.task('default', ['watchjs', 'watchcss', 'watchless', 'watchsass', 'watchimage', 'watchcopy']) ~~~ ## [](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/blob/master/chapter7.md#結語)結語 [完整代碼](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-demo/tree/master/gulpfile.js) [訪問論壇獲取幫助](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/issues/16) 你還想了解什么關于 gulp 的什么知識??[告訴我們](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/issues/8) 后續還會又新章節更新。你可以[訂閱本書](https://github.com/nimojs/gulp-book/issues/7)?當有新章節發布時,我們會通過郵件告訴你
                  <ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>

                  <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"></cite></p>

                    <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"><th id="bdb3f"></th></cite></p><p id="bdb3f"></p>
                      <p id="bdb3f"><cite id="bdb3f"></cite></p>

                        <pre id="bdb3f"></pre>
                        <pre id="bdb3f"><del id="bdb3f"><thead id="bdb3f"></thead></del></pre>

                        <ruby id="bdb3f"><mark id="bdb3f"></mark></ruby><ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>
                        <pre id="bdb3f"><pre id="bdb3f"><mark id="bdb3f"></mark></pre></pre><output id="bdb3f"></output><p id="bdb3f"></p><p id="bdb3f"></p>

                        <pre id="bdb3f"><del id="bdb3f"><progress id="bdb3f"></progress></del></pre>

                              <ruby id="bdb3f"></ruby>

                              哎呀哎呀视频在线观看