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                ## 水電費費‘ ``` ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option. ``` 安裝報錯 ``` tinywan@ubuntu:$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.8.dfsg-1ubuntu1.1) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2 is to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. ``` ## 解決方案: 查看以安裝的zlib ``` tinywan@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ dpkg -l | grep zlib1g ii zlib1g:amd64 1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2 amd64 ``` 問題在于,當前系統以安裝的 libc6的版本為“2.19-10ubuntu2?” ,而我們安裝其他軟件(包括build-essential 、g++等)的時候,所依賴的是“2.19-0ubuntu6.9”?。 也就是問題在于, 依賴的某個軟件的版本,跟系統以安裝的版本不一致。但 apt-get又不會自動去卸載以安裝的自動安裝上依賴的目標版本。 所以導致我們需要手動去解決這個問題。 ?當前解決這個問題辦法有很多種,我們這里選擇了,直接強制覆蓋安裝目標版本,替代原來系統已安裝的版本。 ``` ``` ### 再查看libc6的已安裝信息: 再安裝其他原來安裝過程報類似錯誤的軟件: ``` # apt-get install zlib1g-dev libc6-dev libc-dev libmysqlclient-dev ``` 從以上安裝過程看出來,成功安裝了。 ? 我們再次執行如下命令 通過dpkg來查詢具體安裝信息: ``` root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# dpkg -l | grep -E "zlib1g-dev|libc6-dev|libc-dev|libmysqlclient-dev" ii ?libc-dev-bin ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2.19-0ubuntu6.9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?Embedded GNU C Library: Development binaries ii ?libc6-dev:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2.19-0ubuntu6.9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files ii ?libmysqlclient-dev ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5.5.54-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?MySQL database development files ii ?linux-libc-dev:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3.13.0-108.155 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?Linux Kernel Headers for development ii ?zlib1g-dev:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1:1.2.8.dfsg-1ubuntu1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?compression library - development ``` 再次確認build-essential ?是否可以成功安裝: ``` # dpkg -l | grep build-essential ``` 當前系統沒有安裝 build-essential。 ``` # dpkg -l | grep g++ ``` 當前系統沒有安裝?g++。 ``` # dpkg -l | grep gcc ii ?gcc ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GNU C compiler ii ?gcc-4.8 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GNU C compiler ii ?gcc-4.8-base:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package) ii ?gcc-4.9-base:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4.9.1-16ubuntu6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package) ii ?libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GCC support library (development files) ii ?libgcc1:amd64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1:4.9.1-16ubuntu6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?GCC support library ``` 安裝?build-essential (g++也會被附帶安裝,所以只要安裝這個基礎套件,基本的編譯環境就ok了):? ``` # apt-get install build-essential Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: ? g++ g++-4.8 libstdc++-4.8-dev Suggested packages: ? g++-multilib g++-4.8-multilib gcc-4.8-doc libstdc++6-4.8-dbg libstdc++-4.8-doc The following NEW packages will be installed: ? build-essential g++ g++-4.8 libstdc++-4.8-dev 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 75 not upgraded. Need to get 19.2 MB of archives. After this operation, 40.1 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Get:1 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/Linux/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main libstdc++-4.8-dev amd64 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 [1,053 kB] Get:2 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/Linux/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main g++-4.8 amd64 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 [18.1 MB] Get:3 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/Linux/ubuntu/ trusty/main g++ amd64 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 [1,490 B] Get:4 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/Linux/ubuntu/ trusty/main build-essential amd64 11.6ubuntu6 [4,838 B] Fetched 19.2 MB in 1s (9,947 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libstdc++-4.8-dev:amd64. (Reading database ... 72784 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libstdc++-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libstdc++-4.8-dev:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ... Selecting previously unselected package g++-4.8. Preparing to unpack .../g++-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking g++-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ... Selecting previously unselected package g++. Preparing to unpack .../g++_4%3a4.8.2-1ubuntu6_amd64.deb ... Unpacking g++ (4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6) ... Selecting previously unselected package build-essential. Preparing to unpack .../build-essential_11.6ubuntu6_amd64.deb ... Unpacking build-essential (11.6ubuntu6) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-2) ... # ``` 安裝過程成功走完,并且無任何報錯提示。 檢查?build-essential ? 和 g++是否成功安裝: ``` # dpkg -l | grep -E "build-essential|g\+\+" ii ?build-essential ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 11.6ubuntu6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? amd64 ? ? ? ?Informational list of build-essential packages ii ?g++ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GNU C++ compiler ii ?g++-4.8 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?amd64 ? ? ? ?GNU C++ compiler? ``` 確定已成功安裝!!!! 最終問題解決。 ? ? ?這里有個深層次的原因: Ubuntu 14.10 版本在當前(2016/2017)已經從維護名單里面去除了,相應的源也不再支持,所以導致原始匹配版本的源無法使用,ping不通服務器ip。 而我這里配置的是 14.04對應的源, 其安裝軟件時依賴的版本是與 14.10是有差異的,所以導致 安裝一些軟件的時候, 依賴的軟件的版本總是比當前系統已經安裝的版本要低。 導致依賴沖突,最終導致安裝軟件無法順利進行。 ---------------------
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