# 107 Flask-Restful標準化返回參數（2） ### 重命名屬性 重命名屬性字段 ```text # 更改content屬性的命名 resource_fields = { 'title':fields.String, '內容':fields.String(attribute='content'), } ------------------------------------------------------ { "title": "angle", "內容": "angle" } ``` ## 默認值 為指定字段設置默認值 ```text resource_fields = { 'content':fields.String(default="angle"), } ``` ## 復雜結構 使用fields.List可以使字段的值為列表，使用fields.Nested可以使字段的值為字典 ```text class ProfileView(Resource): resource_field = { 'username':fields,String, 'age':fields.Integer, 'school':fields.String, 'tags':fields.List(fields.String), 'more':fields.Nested{{ 'signature':fields.String, }} } ``` ### flask\_restful\_demo.py ```text from flask import Flask import config from flask_restful import Api,Resource,fields,marshal_with from exts import db from models import User,Tag,Article app = Flask(__name__) app.config.from_object(config) db.init_app(app) api = Api(app) # class Article(object): # def __init__(self,title): # self.title = title # # self.content = content # # article = Article(title='angle') # # class ArticleView(Resource): # # 可以渲染指定字段 # resource_fields = { # 'title':fields.String, # 'content':fields.String(default="angle"), # } # # # restful規范中要求，被定義的參數 # # 即使這個參數沒有值，也應該返回，返回一個None回去 # # @marshal_with(resource_fields) # def get(self): # # return {"title":"xxx",'content':'xxx'} # # 可以返回模型 # return article # api.add_resource(ArticleView,'/article/',endpoint='article') class ArticleView(Resource): resource_fields = { # 更換字段名稱 '標題':fields.String(attribute='title'), 'content':fields.String, # 設置默認值 'age':fields.Integer(default=18), 'author':fields.Nested({ 'username':fields.String, 'email':fields.String, }), 'tags':fields.List(fields.Nested({ 'id':fields.Integer, 'name':fields.String, })) } @marshal_with(resource_fields) def get(self,article_id): article = Article.query.get(article_id) return article api.add_resource(ArticleView,'/article/<article_id>',endpoint='article') @app.route('/') def hello_world(): user = User(username="angle",email='xxx@qq.com') article = Article(title='miku',content='miku') article.author = user tag1 = Tag(name='C/C++') tag2 = Tag(name='Python') article.tags.append(tag1) article.tags.append(tag2) db.session.add(article) db.session.commit() print(user) return 'Hello World!' if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(debug=True) ``` ### models.py ```text from exts import db # 用戶 # 文章 # 關系:1對多 # 標簽:多對多 # 文章-標簽-中間表 article_tag_table = db.Table( 'article_tag', db.Column('article_id',db.Integer,db.ForeignKey('article.id'),primary_key=True), db.Column('tag_id',db.Integer,db.ForeignKey('tag.id'),primary_key=True) ) class User(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'user' id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True) username = db.Column(db.String(50)) email = db.Column(db.String(50)) class Article(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'article' id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True) title = db.Column(db.String(100)) content = db.Column(db.Text) # 定義外鍵 author_id = db.Column(db.Integer,db.ForeignKey('user.id')) # 關系 一對多 author = db.relationship("User",backref='articles') # 多對多 tags = db.relationship("Tag",secondary=article_tag_table,backref='tags') class Tag(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'tag' id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(50)) ``` ### manage.py ```text from flask_script import Manager from flask_restful_demo2 import app from flask_migrate import MigrateCommand,Migrate from exts import db import models manager = Manager(app) Migrate(app,db) manager.add_command('db',MigrateCommand) if __name__ == '__main__': manager.run() ``` ### config.py ```text DB_USERNAME = 'root' DB_PASSWORD = '123456' DB_HOST = '127.0.0.1' DB_PORT = '3306' DB_NAME = 'flask_restful_demo' DB_URI = 'mysql+pymysql://{}:{}@{}:{}/{}?charset=utf8'.format(DB_USERNAME,DB_PASSWORD,DB_HOST,DB_PORT,DB_NAME) SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = DB_URI SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False ``` ### exts.py ```text from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy db = SQLAlchemy() ```