jQuery UI 實例 - 放置（Droppable） · W3School jQuery UI 教程

# jQuery UI 實例 - 放置（Droppable）為可拖拽小部件創建目標。如需了解更多有關 droppable 交互的細節，請查看 API 文檔 [可放置小部件（Droppable Widget）](api-droppable.html)。 ## 默認功能在任意的 DOM 元素上啟用 droppable 功能，并為可拖拽小部件創建目標。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 默認功能</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #draggable { width: 100px; height: 100px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px 10px 10px 0; } #droppable { width: 150px; height: 150px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#draggable" ).draggable(); $( "#droppable" ).droppable({ drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="draggable" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>請把我拖拽到目標處！</p> </div> <div id="droppable" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>請放置在這里！</p> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 接受使用 `accept` 選項指定目標 droppable 接受哪一個元素（或元素組）。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 接受</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #droppable { width: 150px; height: 150px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } #draggable, #draggable-nonvalid { width: 100px; height: 100px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px 10px 10px 0; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#draggable, #draggable-nonvalid" ).draggable(); $( "#droppable" ).droppable({ accept: "#draggable", activeClass: "ui-state-hover", hoverClass: "ui-state-active", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="draggable-nonvalid" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>我是不能被放置的 draggable</p> </div> <div id="draggable" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>請拖拽我到目標</p> </div> <div id="droppable" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>accept: '#draggable'</p> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 防止傳播當使用嵌套的 droppable 時 — 例如，您可以有一個樹形的可編輯的目錄結構，帶有文件夾和文檔節點 — `greedy` 選項設置為 true 來防止當 draggable 被放置在子節點（droppable）上時的事件傳播。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 防止傳播</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #draggable { width: 100px; height: 40px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px 10px 10px 0; } #droppable, #droppable2 { width: 230px; height: 120px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } #droppable-inner, #droppable2-inner { width: 170px; height: 60px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#draggable" ).draggable(); $( "#droppable, #droppable-inner" ).droppable({ activeClass: "ui-state-hover", hoverClass: "ui-state-active", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "> p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); return false; } }); $( "#droppable2, #droppable2-inner" ).droppable({ greedy: true, activeClass: "ui-state-hover", hoverClass: "ui-state-active", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "> p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="draggable" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>請拖拽我到目標</p> </div> <div id="droppable" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>外部 droppable</p> <div id="droppable-inner" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>內部 droppable（不帶有 greedy）</p> </div> </div> <div id="droppable2" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>外部 droppable</p> <div id="droppable2-inner" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>內部 droppable（帶有 greedy）</p> </div> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 還原 draggable 的位置當帶有布爾值 `revert` 選項的 draggable 停止拖拽時，返回 draggable（或它的助手）到原始位置。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 還原 draggable 的位置</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #draggable, #draggable2 { width: 100px; height: 100px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px 10px 10px 0; } #droppable { width: 150px; height: 150px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#draggable" ).draggable({ revert: "valid" }); $( "#draggable2" ).draggable({ revert: "invalid" }); $( "#droppable" ).droppable({ activeClass: "ui-state-default", hoverClass: "ui-state-hover", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "p" ) .html( "已放置！" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="draggable" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>當被放置在目標上時還原</p> </div> <div id="draggable2" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>當未被放置在目標上時還原</p> </div> <div id="droppable" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>請放置在這里</p> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 購物車演示演示如何使用折疊面板來展示產品的目錄結構，使用拖拽和放置來添加產品到購物車，購物車中的產品是可排序的。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 購物車演示</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> h1 { padding: .2em; margin: 0; } #products { float:left; width: 500px; margin-right: 2em; } #cart { width: 200px; float: left; margin-top: 1em; } /* 定義列表樣式，以便最大化 droppable */ #cart ol { margin: 0; padding: 1em 0 1em 3em; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#catalog" ).accordion(); $( "#catalog li" ).draggable({ appendTo: "body", helper: "clone" }); $( "#cart ol" ).droppable({ activeClass: "ui-state-default", hoverClass: "ui-state-hover", accept: ":not(.ui-sortable-helper)", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ).find( ".placeholder" ).remove(); $( "<li></li>" ).text( ui.draggable.text() ).appendTo( this ); } }).sortable({ items: "li:not(.placeholder)", sort: function() { // 獲取由 droppable 與 sortable 交互而加入的條目 // 使用 connectWithSortable 可以解決這個問題，但不允許您自定義 active/hoverClass 選項 $( this ).removeClass( "ui-state-default" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="products"> <h1 class="ui-widget-header">產品</h1> <div id="catalog"> <h2><a href="#">T-Shirts</a></h2> <div> <ul> <li>Lolcat Shirt</li> <li>Cheezeburger Shirt</li> <li>Buckit Shirt</li> </ul> </div> <h2><a href="#">Bags</a></h2> <div> <ul> <li>Zebra Striped</li> <li>Black Leather</li> <li>Alligator Leather</li> </ul> </div> <h2><a href="#">Gadgets</a></h2> <div> <ul> <li>iPhone</li> <li>iPod</li> <li>iPad</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cart"> <h1 class="ui-widget-header">購物車</h1> <div class="ui-widget-content"> <ol> <li class="placeholder">添加產品到這里</li> </ol> </div> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 簡單的照片管理器您可以通過拖拽照片到回收站或者點擊回收站圖標來刪除照片。您可以通過拖拽照片到相冊或者點擊回收利用圖標來還原照片。您可以通過點擊縮放圖標來查看大圖。jQuery UI 對話框（dialog）部件用于模態窗口。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 簡單的照片管理器</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #gallery { float: left; width: 65%; min-height: 12em; } .gallery.custom-state-active { background: #eee; } .gallery li { float: left; width: 96px; padding: 0.4em; margin: 0 0.4em 0.4em 0; text-align: center; } .gallery li h5 { margin: 0 0 0.4em; cursor: move; } .gallery li a { float: right; } .gallery li a.ui-icon-zoomin { float: left; } .gallery li img { width: 100%; cursor: move; } #trash { float: right; width: 32%; min-height: 18em; padding: 1%; } #trash h4 { line-height: 16px; margin: 0 0 0.4em; } #trash h4 .ui-icon { float: left; } #trash .gallery h5 { display: none; } </style> <script> $(function() { // 這是相冊和回收站 var $gallery = $( "#gallery" ), $trash = $( "#trash" ); // 讓相冊的條目可拖拽 $( "li", $gallery ).draggable({ cancel: "a.ui-icon", // 點擊一個圖標不會啟動拖拽 revert: "invalid", // 當未被放置時，條目會還原回它的初始位置 containment: "document", helper: "clone", cursor: "move" }); // 讓回收站可放置，接受相冊的條目 $trash.droppable({ accept: "#gallery > li", activeClass: "ui-state-highlight", drop: function( event, ui ) { deleteImage( ui.draggable ); } }); // 讓相冊可放置，接受回收站的條目 $gallery.droppable({ accept: "#trash li", activeClass: "custom-state-active", drop: function( event, ui ) { recycleImage( ui.draggable ); } }); // 圖像刪除功能 var recycle_icon = "<a href='link/to/recycle/script/when/we/have/js/off' title='還原圖像' class='ui-icon ui-icon-refresh'>還原圖像</a>"; function deleteImage( $item ) { $item.fadeOut(function() { var $list = $( "ul", $trash ).length ? $( "ul", $trash ) : $( "<ul class='gallery ui-helper-reset'/>" ).appendTo( $trash ); $item.find( "a.ui-icon-trash" ).remove(); $item.append( recycle_icon ).appendTo( $list ).fadeIn(function() { $item .animate({ width: "48px" }) .find( "img" ) .animate({ height: "36px" }); }); }); } // 圖像還原功能 var trash_icon = "<a href='link/to/trash/script/when/we/have/js/off' title='刪除圖像' class='ui-icon ui-icon-trash'>刪除圖像</a>"; function recycleImage( $item ) { $item.fadeOut(function() { $item .find( "a.ui-icon-refresh" ) .remove() .end() .css( "width", "96px") .append( trash_icon ) .find( "img" ) .css( "height", "72px" ) .end() .appendTo( $gallery ) .fadeIn(); }); } // 圖像預覽功能，演示 ui.dialog 作為模態窗口使用 function viewLargerImage( $link ) { var src = $link.attr( "href" ), title = $link.siblings( "img" ).attr( "alt" ), $modal = $( "img[src$='" + src + "']" ); if ( $modal.length ) { $modal.dialog( "open" ); } else { var img = $( "<img alt='" + title + "' width='384' height='288' style='display: none; padding: 8px;' />" ) .attr( "src", src ).appendTo( "body" ); setTimeout(function() { img.dialog({ title: title, width: 400, modal: true }); }, 1 ); } } // 通過事件代理解決圖標行為 $( "ul.gallery > li" ).click(function( event ) { var $item = $( this ), $target = $( event.target ); if ( $target.is( "a.ui-icon-trash" ) ) { deleteImage( $item ); } else if ( $target.is( "a.ui-icon-zoomin" ) ) { viewLargerImage( $target ); } else if ( $target.is( "a.ui-icon-refresh" ) ) { recycleImage( $item ); } return false; }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div class="ui-widget ui-helper-clearfix"> <ul id="gallery" class="gallery ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix"> <li class="ui-widget-content ui-corner-tr"> <h5 class="ui-widget-header">High Tatras</h5> <img src="img/high_tatras_min.jpg" alt="High Tatras 的最高峰" width="96" height="72"> <a href="img/high_tatras.jpg" title="查看大圖" class="ui-icon ui-icon-zoomin">查看大圖</a> <a href="link/to/trash/script/when/we/have/js/off" title="刪除圖像" class="ui-icon ui-icon-trash">刪除圖像</a> </li> <li class="ui-widget-content ui-corner-tr"> <h5 class="ui-widget-header">High Tatras 2</h5> <img src="img/high_tatras2_min.jpg" alt="綠山湖畔的小屋" width="96" height="72"> <a href="img/high_tatras2.jpg" title="查看大圖" class="ui-icon ui-icon-zoomin">查看大圖</a> <a href="link/to/trash/script/when/we/have/js/off" title="刪除圖像" class="ui-icon ui-icon-trash">刪除圖像</a> </li> <li class="ui-widget-content ui-corner-tr"> <h5 class="ui-widget-header">High Tatras 3</h5> <img src="img/high_tatras3_min.jpg" alt="計劃登高" width="96" height="72"> <a href="img/high_tatras3.jpg" title="查看大圖" class="ui-icon ui-icon-zoomin">查看大圖</a> <a href="link/to/trash/script/when/we/have/js/off" title="刪除圖像" class="ui-icon ui-icon-trash">刪除圖像</a> </li> <li class="ui-widget-content ui-corner-tr"> <h5 class="ui-widget-header">High Tatras 4</h5> <img src="img/high_tatras4_min.jpg" alt="在 Kozi kopka 的頂部" width="96" height="72"> <a href="img/high_tatras4.jpg" title="查看大圖" class="ui-icon ui-icon-zoomin">查看大圖</a> <a href="link/to/trash/script/when/we/have/js/off" title="刪除圖像" class="ui-icon ui-icon-trash">刪除圖像</a> </li> </ul> <div id="trash" class="ui-widget-content ui-state-default"> <h4 class="ui-widget-header"><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-trash">回收站</span> 回收站</h4> </div> </div> </body> </html> ``` ## 視覺反饋當懸停在 droppable 上時，或者當 droppable 被激活（即一個可接受的 draggable 被放置在 droppable 上）時，改變 droppable 的外觀。使用 `hoverClass` 或 `activeClass` 選項來分別指定 class。 ``` <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>jQuery UI 放置（Droppable） - 視覺反饋</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css"> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/resources/demos/style.css"> <style> #draggable, #draggable2 { width: 90px; height: 90px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px 10px 10px 0; } #droppable, #droppable2 { width: 120px; height: 120px; padding: 0.5em; float: left; margin: 10px; } h3 { clear: left; } </style> <script> $(function() { $( "#draggable" ).draggable(); $( "#droppable" ).droppable({ hoverClass: "ui-state-hover", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); } }); $( "#draggable2" ).draggable(); $( "#droppable2" ).droppable({ accept: "#draggable2", activeClass: "ui-state-default", drop: function( event, ui ) { $( this ) .addClass( "ui-state-highlight" ) .find( "p" ) .html( "Dropped!" ); } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <h3>當懸停在 droppable 上時的反饋：</h3> <div id="draggable" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>請拖拽我到目標</p> </div> <div id="droppable" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>請放置在這里</p> </div> <h3>當激活 draggable 時的反饋：</h3> <div id="draggable2" class="ui-widget-content"> <p>請拖拽我到目標</p> </div> <div id="droppable2" class="ui-widget-header"> <p>請放置在這里</p> </div> </body> </html> ```