# PHP 創建 MySQL 表 一個數據表有一個唯一名稱，并有行和列組成。 ## 使用 MySQLi 和 PDO 創建 MySQL 表 CREATE TABLE 語句用于創建 MySQL 表。 我們將創建一個名為 "MyGuests" 的表，有 5 個列： "id", "firstname", "lastname", "email" 和 "reg_date": ``` CREATE TABLE MyGuests ( id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, email VARCHAR(50), reg_date TIMESTAMP ) ``` **上表中的注意事項:** 數據類型指定列可以存儲什么類型的數據。完整的數據類型請參考我們的 [數據類型參考手冊](/sql/sql-datatypes.html)。 在設置了數據類型后，你可以為沒個列指定其他選項的屬性： * NOT NULL - 沒一行都必須含有值（不能為空），null 值是不允許的。 * DEFAULT value - 設置默認值 * UNSIGNED - 使用無符號數值類型，0 及正數 * AUTO INCREMENT - 設置 MySQL 字段的值在新增記錄時每次自動增長 1 * PRIMARY KEY - 設置數據表中每條記錄的唯一標識。 通常列的 PRIMARY KEY 設置為 ID 數值，與 AUTO_INCREMENT 一起使用。 每個表都應該有一個主鍵(本列為 "id" 列)，主鍵必須包含唯一的值。 以下實例展示了如何在 PHP 中創建表： ## 實例 (MySQLi - 面向對象) ``` <?php $servername = "localhost"; $username = "username"; $password = "password"; $dbname = "myDB"; // 創建連接 $conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname); // 檢測連接 if ($conn->connect_error)?{ ??? die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error); } // sql to create table $sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests ( id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, email VARCHAR(50), reg_date TIMESTAMP )"; if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) { ??? echo "Table MyGuests created successfully"; } else { ??? echo "Error creating table: " . $conn->error; } $conn->close(); ?> ``` ## 實例 (MySQLi - 面向過程) ``` <?php $servername = "localhost"; $username = "username"; $password = "password"; $dbname = "myDB"; // 創建連接 $conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname); // 檢測連接 if (!$conn)?{ ??? die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error()); } // sql to create table $sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests ( id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, email VARCHAR(50), reg_date TIMESTAMP )"; if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) { ? ? echo "Table MyGuests created successfully"; } else { ??? echo "Error creating table: " . mysqli_error($conn); } mysqli_close($conn); ?> ``` ## 實例 (PDO) ``` <?php $servername = "localhost"; $username = "username"; $password = "password"; $dbname = "myDBPDO"; try { ??? $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password); ??? // set the PDO error mode to exception ??? $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); ??? // sql to create table ??? $sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests ( ??? id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, ??? firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, ??? lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, ??? email VARCHAR(50), ??? reg_date TIMESTAMP ??? )"; ??? // use exec() because no results are returned ??? $conn->exec($sql); ??? echo "Table MyGuests created successfully"; ??? } catch(PDOException $e) ??? { ??? echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage(); ??? } $conn = null; ?> ```