軟件安裝 · 編譯安裝LNMP環境

1. 安裝cmake ```shell tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz cd cmake-2.8.7 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cmake make #編譯 make install #安裝 vim /etc/profile 在path路徑中增加cmake執行文件路徑 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin source /etc/profile #使配置立即生效 ``` 2. 安裝pcre ```shell tar -zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz cd pcre-8.39 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre make && make install ``` 3. 安裝libmcrypt ```shell tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure #配置 make #編譯 make install #安裝 ``` 4.安裝GD ```shell tar -zxvf gd-2.0.36RC1.tar.gz cd gd-2.0.36RC1 ./configure --enable-m4_pattern_allow --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib make #編譯 make install #安裝 ``` 5. 安裝Mysql ```shell groupadd mysql #添加mysql組 useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin #創建用戶mysql并加入到mysql組，不允許mysql用戶直接登錄系統 mkdir -p /var/mysql/data #創建MySQL數據庫存放目錄 chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/data #設置MySQL數據庫目錄權限 tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz #解壓 cd mysql-5.5.28 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysql/data \ -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 mv make make install cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷貝配置文件（注意：如果/etc目錄下面默認有一個my.cnf，直接覆蓋即可） vi /etc/my.cnf #編輯配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加 datadir = /var/mysql/data #添加MySQL數據庫路徑 log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log tmpdir = /var/tmp cd /usr/local/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系統數據庫 #替換為 ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/var/mysql/data/ & cd /root/lnmp/mysql-5.5.28 cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系統啟動 chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加執行權限 chkconfig mysqld on #加入開機啟動 vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #編輯 basedir=/usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安裝路徑 datadir=/var/mysql/data #MySQl數據庫存放目錄 chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql vi /etc/profile #把mysql服務加入系統環境變量：在最后添加下面這一行 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin source /etc/profile #使配置立即生效 mkdir /var/lib/mysql #創建目錄 ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #添加軟鏈接 service mysqld start #啟動,可能無法寫入pid文件，注意將mysql用戶權限加入至/usr/local/mysql #先啟動服務 service mysqld start mysql_secure_installation #設置Mysql密碼，根據提示按Y 回車輸入2次密碼 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #或者直接修改密碼到此，mysql安裝完成！ ``` 6. 安裝 nginx ```shell tar -zxvf nginx-1.11.5.tar.gz groupadd www #添加www組 useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin #創建nginx運行賬戶www并加入到www組，不允許www用戶直接登錄系統 openssl-1.1.0b.tar.gz ##僅僅解壓就好其它不動 cd nginx-1.11.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/root/lnmp/openssl-1.1.0b --with-pcre=/root/lnmp/pcre-8.39 --with-http_ssl_module #注意:--with-pcre=/lnmp/src/pcre-8.39指向的是源碼包解壓的路徑，而不是安裝的路徑，否則會報錯 make make install /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #啟動nginx 設置nginx開啟啟動 vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #編輯啟動文件添加下面內容 ======================================================= #!/bin/bash # nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server # it is v.0.0.2 version. # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. # It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid RETVAL=0 prog="nginx" # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # Start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL } # Stop nginxc daemons functions. stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL ``` 7. 安裝php ```shell cd /lnmp/src tar -jxvf php-7.0.7.tar.bz2 cd php-7.0.7 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ make #編譯,，若遇到make: *** [ext/fileinfo/libmagic/apprentice.lo] 錯誤，這加參數–-disable-fileinfo make install #安裝 cd /root/lnmp/php-7.0.7 cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini #復制php配置文件到安裝目錄 rm -rf /etc/php.ini #刪除系統自帶配置文件 ln -s /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加軟鏈接 cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷貝模板文件為php-fpm配置文件 cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf vi /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf #編輯 user = www #設置php-fpm運行賬號為www group = www #設置php-fpm運行組為www vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分號加入服務并開機啟動，設置 php-fpm開機啟動 #cp /lnmp/src/php-7.0.7/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷貝php-fpm到啟動目錄 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加執行權限 chkconfig php-fpm on #設置開機啟動 vi /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini #編輯配置文件 ``` 8. 配置nginx支持php ```shell vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 配置文件,需做如下修改 user www www; #首行user去掉注釋,修改Nginx運行組為www www；必須與/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同，否則php運行出錯 user www www; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root /data/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location ~ \.php$ { root /data/www; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } } mkdir -p /data/www chown www:www /data/www/ -R #設置目錄所有者 chmod 700 /data/www -R #設置目錄權限 ``` 10.服務器相關命令 ```shell service nginx restart #重啟nginx service mysqld restart #重啟mysql /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm #啟動php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm restart #重啟php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm stop #停止php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start #啟動php-fpm ```