## DB ### 基本使用 ~~~php DB::connection('connection_name'); // 運行數據庫查詢語句 $results = DB::select('select * from users where id = ?', [1]); $results = DB::select('select * from users where id = :id', ['id' => 1]); // 運行普通語句 DB::statement('drop table users'); // 監聽查詢事件 DB::listen(function($sql, $bindings, $time) { code_here; }); // 數據庫事務處理 DB::transaction(function() { DB::table('users')->update(['votes' => 1]); DB::table('posts')->delete(); }); DB::beginTransaction(); DB::rollBack(); DB::commit(); // 獲取表前綴 DB::getTablePrefix() ~~~ ### 查詢語句構造器? ~~~php // 取得數據表的所有行 DB::table('name')->get(); // 取數據表的部分數據 DB::table('users')->chunk(100, function($users) { foreach ($users as $user) { // } }); // 取回數據表的第一條數據 $user = DB::table('users')->where('name', 'John')->first(); DB::table('name')->first(); // 從單行中取出單列數據 $name = DB::table('users')->where('name', 'John')->pluck('name'); DB::table('name')->pluck('column'); // 取多行數據的「列數據」數組 $roles = DB::table('roles')->lists('title'); $roles = DB::table('roles')->lists('title', 'name'); // 指定一個選擇字段 $users = DB::table('users')->select('name', 'email')->get(); $users = DB::table('users')->distinct()->get(); $users = DB::table('users')->select('name as user_name')->get(); // 添加一個選擇字段到一個已存在的查詢語句中 $query = DB::table('users')->select('name'); $users = $query->addSelect('age')->get(); // 使用 Where 運算符 $users = DB::table('users')->where('votes', '>', 100)->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->where('votes', '>', 100) ->orWhere('name', 'John') ->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->whereBetween('votes', [1, 100])->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->whereNotBetween('votes', [1, 100])->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->whereIn('id', [1, 2, 3])->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->whereNotIn('id', [1, 2, 3])->get(); $users = DB::table('users') ->whereNull('updated_at')->get(); DB::table('name')->whereNotNull('column')->get(); // 動態的 Where 字段 $admin = DB::table('users')->whereId(1)->first(); $john = DB::table('users') ->whereIdAndEmail(2, 'john@doe.com') ->first(); $jane = DB::table('users') ->whereNameOrAge('Jane', 22) ->first(); // Order By, Group By, 和 Having $users = DB::table('users') ->orderBy('name', 'desc') ->groupBy('count') ->having('count', '>', 100) ->get(); DB::table('name')->orderBy('column')->get(); DB::table('name')->orderBy('column','desc')->get(); DB::table('name')->having('count', '>', 100)->get(); // 偏移 & 限制 $users = DB::table('users')->skip(10)->take(5)->get(); ~~~ ### Joins? ~~~php // 基本的 Join 聲明語句 DB::table('users') ->join('contacts', 'users.id', '=', 'contacts.user_id') ->join('orders', 'users.id', '=', 'orders.user_id') ->select('users.id', 'contacts.phone', 'orders.price') ->get(); // Left Join 聲明語句 DB::table('users') ->leftJoin('posts', 'users.id', '=', 'posts.user_id') ->get(); // select * from users where name = 'John' or (votes > 100 and title <> 'Admin') DB::table('users') ->where('name', '=', 'John') ->orWhere(function($query) { $query->where('votes', '>', 100) ->where('title', '<>', 'Admin'); }) ->get(); ~~~ ### 聚合? ~~~php $users = DB::table('users')->count(); $price = DB::table('orders')->max('price'); $price = DB::table('orders')->min('price'); $price = DB::table('orders')->avg('price'); $total = DB::table('users')->sum('votes'); ~~~ ### 原始表達句 ~~~php $users = DB::table('users') ->select(DB::raw('count(*) as user_count, status')) ->where('status', '<>', 1) ->groupBy('status') ->get(); // 返回行 DB::select('select * from users where id = ?', array('value')); DB::insert('insert into foo set bar=2'); DB::update('update foo set bar=2'); DB::delete('delete from bar'); // 返回 void DB::statement('update foo set bar=2'); // 在聲明語句中加入原始的表達式 DB::table('name')->select(DB::raw('count(*) as count, column2'))->get(); ~~~ ### Inserts / Updates / Deletes / Unions / Pessimistic Locking ~~~php // 插入 DB::table('users')->insert( ['email' => 'john@example.com', 'votes' => 0] ); $id = DB::table('users')->insertGetId( ['email' => 'john@example.com', 'votes' => 0] ); DB::table('users')->insert([ ['email' => 'taylor@example.com', 'votes' => 0], ['email' => 'dayle@example.com', 'votes' => 0] ]); // 更新 DB::table('users') ->where('id', 1) ->update(['votes' => 1]); DB::table('users')->increment('votes'); DB::table('users')->increment('votes', 5); DB::table('users')->decrement('votes'); DB::table('users')->decrement('votes', 5); DB::table('users')->increment('votes', 1, ['name' => 'John']); // 刪除 DB::table('users')->where('votes', '<', 100)->delete(); DB::table('users')->delete(); DB::table('users')->truncate(); // 集合 // unionAll() 方法也是可供使用的，調用方式與 union 相似 $first = DB::table('users')->whereNull('first_name'); $users = DB::table('users')->whereNull('last_name')->union($first)->get(); // 消極鎖 DB::table('users')->where('votes', '>', 100)->sharedLock()->get(); DB::table('users')->where('votes', '>', 100)->lockForUpdate()->get(); ~~~