# Eloquent：集合 - [簡介](#introduction) - [可用的方法](#available-methods) - [自定義集合](#custom-collections) <a name="introduction"></a> ## 簡介 Eloquent 返回的所有多結果集都是 `Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection` 對象的實例， 默認情況下 Eloquent 返回的都是一個 `Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection` 對象的實例，包括通過 `get` 方法檢索或通過訪問關聯關系獲取到的結果。Eloquent 的集合對象繼承了 Laravel 的 [集合基類](/docs/{{version}}/collections)，因此它自然也繼承了數十種能優雅地處理 Eloquent 模型底層數組的方法。 當然，所有的集合都可以作為迭代器，可以就像簡單的 PHP 數組一樣來遍歷它們： $users = App\User::where('active', 1)->get(); foreach ($users as $user) { echo $user->name; } 然而，集合比數組更加強大，它通過更直觀的接口暴露出可鏈式調用的 map/reduce 等操作。舉個例子，我們要刪除模型中所有未激活的并收集剩余用戶的名字： $users = App\User::where('active', 1)->get(); $names = $users->reject(function ($user) { return $user->active === false; }) ->map(function ($user) { return $user->name; }); > {note} 大多數 Eloquent 集合方法會返回新的 Eloquent 集合實例，但是 `pluck`, `keys`, `zip`, `collapse`, `flatten` 和 `flip` 方法除外，它們會返回 [集合基類](/docs/{{version}}/collections) 實例。同樣，如果 `map` 操作返回的集合不包含任何 Eloquent 模型，那么它會被自動轉換成集合基類。 <a name="available-methods"></a> ## 可用的方法 ### 集合基類 所有 Eloquent 集合都繼承了基礎的 [Laravel 集合](/docs/{{version}}/collections) 對象。因此，它們也繼承了所有集合基類提供的強大的方法： <style> #collection-method-list > p { column-count: 3; -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-gap: 2em; -moz-column-gap: 2em; -webkit-column-gap: 2em; } #collection-method-list a { display: block; } </style> <div id="collection-method-list" markdown="1"> [all](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-all) [average](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-average) [avg](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-avg) [chunk](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-chunk) [collapse](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-collapse) [combine](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-combine) [contains](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-contains) [containsStrict](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-containsstrict) [count](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-count) [diff](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-diff) [diffKeys](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-diffkeys) [each](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-each) [every](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-every) [except](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-except) [filter](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-filter) [first](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-first) [flatMap](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-flatmap) [flatten](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-flatten) [flip](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-flip) [forget](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-forget) [forPage](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-forpage) [get](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-get) [groupBy](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-groupby) [has](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-has) [implode](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-implode) [intersect](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-intersect) [isEmpty](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-isempty) [isNotEmpty](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-isnotempty) [keyBy](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-keyby) [keys](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-keys) [last](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-last) [map](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-map) [mapWithKeys](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-mapwithkeys) [max](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-max) [median](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-median) [merge](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-merge) [min](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-min) [mode](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-mode) [nth](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-nth) [only](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-only) [partition](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-partition) [pipe](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-pipe) [pluck](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-pluck) [pop](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-pop) [prepend](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-prepend) [pull](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-pull) [push](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-push) [put](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-put) [random](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-random) [reduce](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-reduce) [reject](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-reject) [reverse](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-reverse) [search](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-search) [shift](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-shift) [shuffle](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-shuffle) [slice](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-slice) [sort](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-sort) [sortBy](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-sortby) [sortByDesc](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-sortbydesc) [splice](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-splice) [split](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-split) [sum](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-sum) [take](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-take) [tap](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-tap) [toArray](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-toarray) [toJson](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-tojson) [transform](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-transform) [union](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-union) [unique](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-unique) [uniqueStrict](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-uniquestrict) [values](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-values) [when](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-when) [where](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-where) [whereStrict](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-wherestrict) [whereIn](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-wherein) [whereInStrict](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-whereinstrict) [whereNotIn](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-wherenotin) [whereNotInStrict](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-wherenotinstrict) [zip](/docs/{{version}}/collections#method-zip) </div> <a name="custom-collections"></a> ## 自定義集合 如果你需要在自己的擴展方法中使用自定義的 `Collection` 對象，可以在你自己的模型中重寫 `newCollection` 方法： <?php namespace App; use App\CustomCollection; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class User extends Model { /** * 創建一個新的 Eloquent 集合實例對象。 * * @param array $models * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection */ public function newCollection(array $models = []) { return new CustomCollection($models); } } 一旦你定義了 `newCollection` 方法，任何時候都可以在 Eloquent 返回的模型的 `Collection` 實例中獲取你的自定義集合實例。如果你想要在應用程序的每個模型中使用自定義集合，則應該在所有的模型繼承的模型基類中重寫 `newCollection` 方法。 ## 譯者署名 | 用戶名 | 頭像 | 職能 | 簽名 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [@springjk](https://laravel-china.org/users/4550) | <img class="avatar-66 rm-style" src="https://dn-phphub.qbox.me/uploads/avatars/4550_1464580958.png?imageView2/1/w/100/h/100"> | 翻譯 | 再怎么說我也是我西北一匹狼 | --- > {note} 歡迎任何形式的轉載，但請務必注明出處，尊重他人勞動共創開源社區。 > > 轉載請注明：本文檔由 Laravel China 社區 [laravel-china.org](https://laravel-china.org) 組織翻譯，詳見 [翻譯召集帖](https://laravel-china.org/topics/5756/laravel-55-document-translation-call-come-and-join-the-translation)。 > > 文檔永久地址： https://d.laravel-china.org