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                ## 條件 * 使用where子句對表中的數據篩選,結果為true的行會出現在結果集中 * 語法如下: ~~~ select * from 表名 where 條件; ~~~ ## 比較運算符 * 等于= * 大于> * 大于等于>= * 小于< * 小于等于<= * 不等于!=或<> * 查詢編號大于3的學生 ~~~ select * from students where id>3; ~~~ * 查詢編號不大于4的科目 ~~~ select * from subjects where id<=4; ~~~ * 查詢姓名不是“黃蓉”的學生 ~~~ select * from students where sname!='黃蓉'; ~~~ * 查詢沒被刪除的學生 ~~~ select * from students where isdelete=0; ~~~ ## 邏輯運算符 * and * or * not * 查詢編號大于3的女同學 ~~~ select * from students where id>3 and gender=0; ~~~ * 查詢編號小于4或沒被刪除的學生 ~~~ select * from students where id<4 or isdelete=0; ~~~ ## 模糊查詢 * like * %表示任意多個任意字符 * _表示一個任意字符 * 查詢姓黃的學生 ~~~ select * from students where sname like '黃%'; ~~~ * 查詢姓黃并且名字是一個字的學生 ~~~ select * from students where sname like '黃_'; ~~~ * 查詢姓黃或叫靖的學生 ~~~ select * from students where sname like '黃%' or sname like '%靖%'; ~~~ ## 范圍查詢 * in表示在一個非連續的范圍內 * 查詢編號是1或3或8的學生 ~~~ select * from students where id in(1,3,8); ~~~ * between ... and ...表示在一個連續的范圍內 * 查詢學生是3至8的學生 ~~~ select * from students where id between 3 and 8; ~~~ * 查詢學生是3至8的男生 ~~~ select * from students where id between 3 and 8 and gender=1; ~~~ ## 空判斷 * 注意:null與''是不同的 * 判空is null * 查詢沒有填寫地址的學生 ~~~ select * from students where hometown is null; ~~~ * 判非空is not null * 查詢填寫了地址的學生 ~~~ select * from students where hometown is not null; ~~~ * 查詢填寫了地址的女生 ~~~ select * from students where hometown is not null and gender=0; ~~~ ## 優先級 * 小括號,not,比較運算符,邏輯運算符 * and比or先運算,如果同時出現并希望先算or,需要結合()使用
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