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                Linux 的軟件安裝目錄是是有講究的,理解它對系統管理十分有益。 |目錄|作用| |---|---| |/usr|系統級的目錄,可以理解為C:/Windows/;| |/usr/lib|理解為C:/Windows/System32| |/usr/local|用戶級的程序目錄,可以理解為C:/Progrem Files/。用戶自己編譯的軟件默認會安裝到這個目錄下。| |/opt|用戶級的程序目錄,可以理解為D:/Software,opt有可選的意思,這里可以用于放置第三方大型軟件(或游戲),當你不需要時,直接rm -rf掉即可。在硬盤容量不夠時,也可將/opt單獨掛載到其他磁盤上使用。| |/usr/src|系統級的源碼目錄。| |/usr/local/src|用戶級的源碼目錄。| /opt Here’s where optional stuff is put. Trying out the latest Firefox beta? Install it to /opt where you can delete it without affecting other settings. Programs in here usually live inside a single folder whick contains all of their data, libraries, etc. 這里主要存放那些可選的程序。你想嘗試最新的firefox測試版嗎?那就裝到/opt目錄下吧,這樣,當你嘗試完,想刪掉firefox的時候,你就可以直接刪除它,而不影響系統其他任何設置。安裝到/opt目錄下的程序,它所有的數據、庫文件等等都是放在同個目錄下面。 舉個例子:剛才裝的測試版firefox,就可以裝到/opt/firefox_beta目錄下,/opt/firefox_beta目錄下面就包含了運 行firefox所需要的所有文件、庫、數據等等。要刪除firefox的時候,你只需刪除/opt/firefox_beta目錄即可,非常簡單。 /usr/local This is where most manually installed(ie. outside of your package manager) software goes. It has the same structure as /usr. It is a good idea to leave /usr to your package manager and put any custom scripts and things into /usr/local, since nothing important normally lives in /usr/local. 這里主要存放那些手動安裝的軟件,即不是通過“新立得”或apt-get安裝的軟件。它和/usr目錄具有相類似的目錄結構。讓軟件包管理器來管理/usr目錄,而把自定義的腳本(scripts)放到/usr/local目錄下面,應該是個不錯的主意。
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