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                ###40.3.6 自動配置的JSON測試 你可以使用`@JsonTest`測試對象JSON序列化和反序列化是否工作正常,該注解將自動配置Jackson `ObjectMapper`,`@JsonComponent`和Jackson `Modules`。如果碰巧使用gson代替Jackson,該注解將配置`Gson`。使用`@AutoConfigureJsonTesters`可以配置auto-configuration的元素。 Spring Boot提供基于AssertJ的幫助類(helpers),可用來配合JSONassert和JsonPath libraries檢測JSON是否為期望的,`JacksonHelper`,`GsonHelper`,`BasicJsonTester`分別用于Jackson,Gson,Strings。當使用`@JsonTest`時,你可以在測試類中`@Autowired`任何helper字段: ```java import org.junit.*; import org.junit.runner.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.*; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.json.*; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.*; import org.springframework.boot.test.json.*; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.*; import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @JsonTest public class MyJsonTests { @Autowired private JacksonTester<VehicleDetails> json; @Test public void testSerialize() throws Exception { VehicleDetails details = new VehicleDetails("Honda", "Civic"); // Assert against a `.json` file in the same package as the test assertThat(this.json.write(details)).isEqualToJson("expected.json"); // Or use JSON path based assertions assertThat(this.json.write(details)).hasJsonPathStringValue("@.make"); assertThat(this.json.write(details)).extractingJsonPathStringValue("@.make") .isEqualTo("Honda"); } @Test public void testDeserialize() throws Exception { String content = "{\"make\":\"Ford\",\"model\":\"Focus\"}"; assertThat(this.json.parse(content)) .isEqualTo(new VehicleDetails("Ford", "Focus")); assertThat(this.json.parseObject(content).getMake()).isEqualTo("Ford"); } } ``` **注** JSON幫助類可用于標準單元測試類,如果沒有使用`@JsonTest`,你需要在`@Before`方法中調用幫助類的`initFields`方法。 在[附錄](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.4.1.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#test-auto-configuration)中可以查看`@JsonTest`開啟的自動配置列表。
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