## 3.1推導式練習 給定一個包含5個英語單詞的列表，請構造1個字典以列表的元素為鍵，以每個鍵對應的單詞字母個數為值。 ~~~ en_list = ["apple", "banana", "peach", "pineapple", "watermelon"] ~~~ ~~~ en_dict = {word: len(word) for word in en_list} en_dict ~~~ ## 3.4 練習:for循環和控制臺打印 ``` # 假設有三名學生 students = ["小明", "小紅", "小剛"] # 每位學生的分數 scores = [90, 85, 78] # 開始打印報告卡 print("學生分數報告卡：") # 對于每一個學生，進行一次循環 for i in range(len(students)): # 獲取學生的名字和分數 student_name = students[i] score = scores[i] # 打印學生的名字和分數 print(f"{student_name}的分數是：{score}分") # 結束打印報告卡 print("報告卡打印完畢！") ``` ## 3.6 列表練習：計算銷售額 ``` # 假設每天售出的商品和數量如下 sales = [ {"product": "蘋果", "quantity": 10, "price": 5}, {"product": "香蕉", "quantity": 8, "price": 3}, {"product": "橙子", "quantity": 12, "price": 4}, ] # 計算總銷售額 total_sales = 0 # 對于每一天的銷售記錄，進行一次循環 for sale in sales: # 獲取商品的數量和價格 quantity = sale["quantity"] price = sale["price"] # 計算當天的銷售額 daily_sales = quantity * price # 累加到總銷售額 total_sales += daily_sales # 打印當天的銷售額 print(f"{sale['product']}的銷售額是：{daily_sales}元") # 打印總銷售額 print("總銷售額是：", total_sales, "元") ``` ## 3.7 列表的切片的練習 ``` # 食材列表 food_list = ["蔥", "姜", "蒜", "料酒", "豬肝", "大閘蟹", "雞丁", "花生米", "醬油", "淀粉"] # 獲取所需食材 selected_food1 = food_list[0:4] selected_food2 = food_list[-4:] select_list = selected_food1+selected_food2 # 打印選中的食材 print("您選中的食材是：") for food in select_list: print(food) ``` ## 3.8列表組成字典 ``` list_food=["腰子","辣子","和牛","大閘蟹","黑虎蝦","西蘭花"] list_price=[68,0.5,128,60,40,12] list = {} for food,price in zip(list_food,list_price): list[food] = price list ``` ## 3.8 zip函數練習 ``` # 步驟 1: 創建一個包含客人名字和喜好的字典 guests = [ "老王", "老馬", "老陳", "李小寶", "小林" ] likes=[ "川菜", "西式快餐", "南通菜", "東北菜", "法餐" ] feeds = [ "缽缽雞", "巨無霸漢堡", "南通頭菜", "鍋包肉", "紅酒鵝肝" ] # 步驟 3: 使用 zip 函數將客人和他們的喜好配對，并打印出來 preferences = list(zip(guests, likes)) print("客人的喜好:") for guest, preference in preferences: print(f"{guest} 喜歡 {preference}") # 步驟 4: 使用 zip 函數將客人和菜品配對，并創建一個新的字典 feeds_for_guests = list(zip(guests, gifts)) # 步驟 5: 打印新的字典，查看每個客人將收到的禮物 print("\n客人點的菜:") for guest, feeds in feeds_for_guests: print(f"{guest} 點了 {feeds}") ``` ## 3.8 字典——練習 ``` # 創建一個空的菜單字典 menu = { "宮保雞丁": 35.0, "麻婆豆腐": 28.0, "清蒸魚": 45.0, "炒時蔬": 20.0, "米飯": 5.0 } # 創建一個空的訂單字典 order = {} def add_to_order(dish_name): """將菜品添加到訂單中""" if dish_name in menu: if dish_name in order: order[dish_name] += 1 else: order[dish_name] = 1 else: print("該菜品不在菜單中。") def remove_from_order(dish_name): """從訂單中刪除菜品""" if dish_name in order: if order[dish_name] > 1: order[dish_name] -= 1 else: del order[dish_name] else: print("訂單中不存在該菜品。") def calculate_total(): """計算訂單的總價""" total = sum(menu[dish] * quantity for dish, quantity in order.items()) return total def view_order(): """查看訂單詳情""" if order: print("訂單詳情：") for dish, quantity in order.items(): print(f"{dish}: {quantity} 份") print(f"總價: {calculate_total()} 元") else: print("訂單為空。") # 示例使用 add_to_order("宮保雞丁") add_to_order("清蒸魚") add_to_order("炒時蔬") view_order() remove_from_order("清蒸魚") view_order() print(f"最終訂單總價: {calculate_total()} 元") ``` ## 3.9 集合的練習 ``` # 你的購物清單 your_list = {"烤鴨", "籃球鞋", "iphone15", "牛肉卷", "提拉米蘇"} # 朋友的購物清單 friend_list = {"烤鴨", "牛奶", "雞蛋", "牛肉卷"} # 使用并集操作合并清單 combined_list = your_list.union(friend_list) print("合并后的購物清單：", combined_list) # 使用交集操作找出共同想購買的物品 common_items = your_list.intersection(friend_list) print("共同想購買的物品：", common_items) ``` ## 項目2