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                ??碼云GVP開源項目 12k star Uniapp+ElementUI 功能強大 支持多語言、二開方便! 廣告
                ## 利用?`use lib`?在非標準位置搜索模塊 要搜索沒有安裝到?`@INC`?所指定路徑的模塊,使用?`lib`?編譯指令: ~~~ use lib '/home/andy/private-lib/'; use Magic::Foo; ~~~ 注意:`use lib`?必須置于試圖使用?`Magic::Foo`?之前。 ## 利用 Module::Starter 創建新模塊 [Module::Starter](https://metacpan.org/module/Module::Starter)?及其命令行工具?`module-starter`?創建模塊發行套件的基本 框架,以便發布到 CPAN 上。它包含基本的代碼布局、POD 指令、文檔片斷、基本 測試、`Makefile.PL`?和?`MANIFEST`?文件、以及?`README`?和?`Changes`?記錄 的開頭。 ~~~ $ module-starter --module=Magic::Foo --module=Magic::Foo::Internals \ --author="Andy Lester" --email="andy@perl.org" --verbose Created Magic-Foo Created Magic-Foo/lib/Magic Created Magic-Foo/lib/Magic/Foo.pm Created Magic-Foo/lib/Magic/Foo Created Magic-Foo/lib/Magic/Foo/Internals.pm Created Magic-Foo/t Created Magic-Foo/t/pod-coverage.t Created Magic-Foo/t/pod.t Created Magic-Foo/t/boilerplate.t Created Magic-Foo/t/00-load.t Created Magic-Foo/.cvsignore Created Magic-Foo/Makefile.PL Created Magic-Foo/Changes Created Magic-Foo/README Created Magic-Foo/MANIFEST Created starter directories and files ~~~ ## 利用?`h2xs`?創建 XS 模塊 如果你想創建 XS 模塊,即 Perl 代碼與外部 C 代碼的接口,那么你將需要使用 原始的模塊開始工具?`h2xs`。`h2xs`?已包含到每個 Perl 發行中,但它可能并沒 有`Module::Starter`?那么新。除非你需要 XS 代碼,否則使用?`Module::Starter`。 ## 利用 Dist::Zilla 創建、打包及發行模塊 [Dist::Zilla](https://metacpan.org/module/Dist::Zilla)?是一個相當好用的 Perl 模塊,它使創建、打包、以及發行 模塊的過程變得十分容易。如果你打算將編寫的模塊發布到 CPAN 上,那么使用 Dist::Zilla 將為你節省許多時間。 ### 初始化 Dist::Zilla 配置 安裝 Dist::Zilla 之后的第一件事就是初始化其配置: ~~~ $ dzil setup ~~~ 根據向導提供你的姓名、Email、選擇版權許可、以及 PAUSE 帳號(發布模塊 到 CPAN 時需要)即可。 Dist::Zilla 默認將配置文件保存在?`~/.dzil/config.ini`?文件中,所以后續 你也可以通過修改此文件來變更相應信息。 ### 創建模塊 執行以下命令可以創建一個新的模塊,如 Foo::Bar: ~~~ $ dzil new Foo::Bar [DZ] making target dir /home/xiaodong/code/Foo-Bar [DZ] writing files to /home/xiaodong/code/Foo-Bar [DZ] dist minted in ./Foo-Bar ~~~ 這將創建如下目錄結構及文件: ~~~ Foo-Bar ├── dist.ini └── lib └── Foo └── Bar.pm ~~~ 其中,`dist.ini`?為該模塊的配置文件,`Bar.pm`?為模塊源文件。 ### 打包模塊 待模塊編寫完畢,你就可以將模塊打包了: ~~~ $ dzil build [DZ] beginning to build WebService-TaobaoIP [DZ] guessing dist's main_module is lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm [DZ] extracting distribution abstract from lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm [DZ] writing WebService-TaobaoIP in WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03 defined(@array) is deprecated at /usr/share/perl5/Log/Log4perl/Config.pm line 864. (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) [DZ] building archive with Archive::Tar::Wrapper [DZ] writing archive to WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03.tar.gz ~~~ 執行該命令后,模塊就會被打包成?`.tar.gz`?格式。 ### 發布模塊 如果你要將模塊發布到 CPAN 上,只需執行: ~~~ $ dzil release [DZ] beginning to build WebService-TaobaoIP [DZ] guessing dist's main_module is lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm [DZ] extracting distribution abstract from lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm [DZ] writing WebService-TaobaoIP in WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03 defined(@array) is deprecated at /usr/share/perl5/Log/Log4perl/Config.pm line 864. (Maybe you should just omit the defined()?) [DZ] building archive with Archive::Tar::Wrapper [DZ] writing archive to WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03.tar.gz [@Basic/TestRelease] Extracting /home/xiaodong/code/WebService-TaobaoIP/WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03.tar.gz to .build/x8WYcGBWoY Checking if your kit is complete... Looks good Writing Makefile for WebService::TaobaoIP Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json cp lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm blib/lib/WebService/TaobaoIP.pm Manifying blib/man3/WebService::TaobaoIP.3pm No tests defined for WebService::TaobaoIP extension. [@Basic/TestRelease] all's well; removing .build/x8WYcGBWoY *** Preparing to release WebService-TaobaoIP-0.03.tar.gz with @Basic/UploadToCPAN *** Do you want to continue the release process? [y/N]: N ~~~ 根據提示,回答?`y`?將發布模塊,`N`?將終止發布過程。 ### 其他功能 Dist::Zilla 不愧為一站式工具,除上述基本功能之外,還包括添加模塊到現有 發行、執行測試、列出模塊依賴等特性。 有關 Dist::Zilla 的更多用法,可參考其[官方文檔](http://dzil.org/tutorial/contents.html)。
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