CentOS7.3編譯安裝MariaDB10.2 1. 刪除CentOS7.3默認數據庫配置文件 查看默認數據庫配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# find -H /etc/ | grep my.c /etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert /etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert /etc/my.cnf.d /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf /etc/my.cnf 刪除默認數據庫配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.d/ 再次查看默認數據庫配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# find -H /etc/ | grep my.c /etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert /etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert 到目前為止, 系統最小化安裝自帶的數據庫配置文件已經刪除干凈了! 2. 卸載系統自帶mariadb-libs 查詢 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb-libs mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 卸載 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps 安裝相關包 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bison [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bison-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libcurl-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libarchive-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install boost [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install boost-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install lsof [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc-c++ [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install make [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install cmake [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install perl [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install kernel-headers [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install kernel-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel 3. 創建家目錄存放軟件包目錄 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir soft [root@localhost ~]# cd soft 4. MariaDB官網復制源碼包鏈接地址并下載解壓 下載 [root@localhost soft]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.2.6/source/mariadb-10.2.6.tar.gz 解壓 [root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf mariadb-10.2.6.tar.gz 5. 創建MariaDB安裝目錄、數據庫存放目錄、建立用戶和目錄 這里提前預定MariaDB的安裝目錄為/usr/local/mysql并且數據庫目錄為/data/mysql，這里要建立系統用戶及組和數據庫存放目錄，并且將數據庫存放目錄賦予mysql用戶及組權限，操作如下: 請注意特別說明一下：這里說的數據庫目錄是指的具體數據庫存儲文件, 而不是安裝文件! 創建mysql系統用戶組 [root@localhost soft]# groupadd -r mysql 創建系統用戶mysql并加入到mysql系統用戶組 [root@localhost soft]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/mysql -M mysql 以下是上面創建系統用戶mysql的各個參數說明： -r: 添加系統用戶( 這里指將要被創建的系統用戶mysql ) -g: 指定要創建的用戶所屬組( 這里指添加到新系統用戶mysql到mysql系統用戶組 ) -s: 新系統帳戶的登錄shell( /sbin/nologin 這里設置為將要被創建系統用戶mysql不能用來登錄系統 ) -d: 新帳戶的主目錄( 這里指定將要被創建的系統用戶mysql的家目錄為 /usr/local/mysql ) -M: 不要創建用戶的主目錄( 也就是說將要被創建的系統用戶mysql不會在 /home 目錄下創建 mysql 家目錄 ) 創建maria安裝目錄 [root@localhost soft]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql 創建數據庫存放目錄 [root@localhost soft]# mkdir -p /data0/mysql 改變數據庫存放目錄所屬用戶及組為 mysql:mysql [root@localhost soft]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql 執行編譯安裝 > 進入到解壓后的源碼包文件夾 [root@localhost soft]# cd mariadb-10.2.6 > 輸入編譯參數 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data0/mysql \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITHOUT_TOKUDB=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STPRAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWIYH_READLINE=1 \ -DWIYH_SSL=system \ -DVITH_ZLIB=system \ -DWITH_LOBWRAP=0 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci ** 請注意一點：在編譯源碼tarball集合中的MariaDB Galera集群時： -DWITH_WSREP=ON和-DWITH_INNODB_DISALLOW_WRITES=1。** > 如果編譯失敗請刪除CMakeCache.txt [root@localhost soft]# rm -f CMakeCache.txt > 讓指令重新執行，否則每次讀取這個文件，命令修改正確也是報錯 > cmake沒問題，可以編譯并且安裝了： make && make install 時間會有點長根據個人機器吧，你可以干別的事情去! [root@localhost soft]# make && make install > 執行完成也就是安裝完成了, 不過請注意, 這只是安裝了, 并沒有啟動, 啟動不成功等于沒安裝, 不能用也是徒勞無功不是? > 6. 配置MariaDB > 進入到 MariaDB 安裝目錄 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ > 使用 `mysql` 用戶執行腳本, 安裝數據庫到數據庫存放目錄 [root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql > 輸出以下信息: Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: './bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password' './bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: './bin/mysql_secure_installation' which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the MySQL manual for more instructions. You can start the MariaDB daemon with: cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/maria' You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/. You can find additional information about the MySQL part at: http://dev.mysql.com Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community: https://mariadb.org/get-involved/ 6. 復制MariaDB配置文件到/etc目錄 > 進行到 MariaDB 安裝目錄 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ > 拷貝support-files目錄下的文件my-large.cnf到/etc目錄并重命名為my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 7. 創建啟動腳本 [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 8. 啟動mysqld服務 [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start 9. 配置環境變量, 以便在任何目錄下輸入mysql > 打開并新建文件 [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh > 輸入以下內容 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ > 保存并退出 :wq > 為腳本賦于可執行權限 [root@localhost mysql]# chmod 0777 /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh > 進行mysql.sh腳本所在目錄, 并執行腳本, 以立即生效環境變量 [root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 10. 初始化MariaDB > 運行MariaDB初始化腳本 [root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation > 以下提示： Enter current password for root (enter for none): 輸入當前root密碼(沒有輸入) Set root password? [Y/n] 設置root密碼?(是/否) New password: 輸入新root密碼 Re-enter new password: 確認輸入root密碼 Password updated successfully! 密碼更新成功 By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. 默認情況下,MariaDB安裝有一個匿名用戶, 允許任何人登錄MariaDB而他們無需創建用戶帳戶。 這個目的是只用于測試,安裝去更平緩一些。 你應該進入前刪除它們生產環境。 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 刪除匿名用戶?(是/否) Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. 通常情況下，root只應允許從localhost連接。 這確保其他用戶無法從網絡猜測root密碼。 Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 不允許root登錄遠程?(是/否) By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. 默認情況下，MariaDB提供了一個名為“測試”的數據庫，任何人都可以訪問。 這也只用于測試，在進入生產環境之前應該被刪除。 Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. 重新加載權限表將確保所有到目前為止所做的更改將立即生效。 Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 現在重新加載權限表(是/否) All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. 全部完成!如果你已經完成了以上步驟,MariaDB安裝現在應該安全。 Thanks for using MariaDB! 感謝使用MariaDB! 進入MariaDB終端 如果說在 初始化MariaDB 中沒有設置密碼, 進入MariaDB終端, 直接輸入 mysql 即可 [root@localhost ~]# mysql 如果設置了密碼則加入參數 -u: 用戶名 -p: 密碼 -P: 端口號 -h: 主機 更多參數具體含義請參數 mysql --help 進行查看! [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u u_setting_username -p