mux庫/httptest · PHP知識總結

## <span style="font-size:15px">**1、httptest測試客戶端請求**</span> <p style="display:none">https://blog.csdn.net/neweastsun/article/details/129528959</p>        對于HTTP客戶端測試，需要模擬出http服務端的響應；可以通過調用`httptest.NewServer`函數生成我們想要的 httptest.Server。NewServer 啟動并返回新的HTTP服務，調用者使用完成后應該調用Close方法結束服務. ``` func TestServer(t *testing.T) { ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client") })) defer ts.Close() // Do something with ts.URL, such as issuing requests client := http.Client{} resp, _ := client.Get(ts.URL) defer resp.Body.Close() respBody, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) if string(respBody) != "Hello, client\n" { t.Errorf("Unexpected body: %q", respBody) } } ```        上面示例中使用httptest.NewServer函數創建了模擬http服務器，傳入自定義的模擬處理器，返回“Hello, client”。并使用服務端url作為客戶端請求url，從而模擬并讓服務端返回任何我們想測試的內容。        也可以修改處理器的邏輯，自定義處理響應結果 ``` func TestServer(t *testing.T) { ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { query, err := url.ParseQuery(r.URL.RawQuery) if err != nil { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest) fmt.Fprintf(w, "invalid request") return } word := query.Get("requestId") fmt.Fprintf(w, requestId) })) defer ts.Close() // Do something with ts.URL, such as issuing requests client := http.Client{} resp, _ := client.Get(ts.URL) defer resp.Body.Close() respBody, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) if string(respBody) != "Hello, client\n" { t.Errorf("Unexpected body: %q", respBody) } } ``` 2、gorilla/mux+httptest 進行http請求測試        另一種創建mock的http服務的方法是使用gorilla/mux包。它是一個基于net/http包的路由器和調度程序，可以用于處理具有多個路由的復雜請求。        使用mux.NewRouter函數創建了一個路由器，并將請求路由到myHandler函數來處理。然后，我們使用httptest.NewServer函數創建了一個mock的http服務，并在測試中向該服務發起請求，驗證響應是否符合預期。 ``` func TestMux(t *testing.T) { r := mux.NewRouter() r.HandleFunc("/hello", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client") }) ts := httptest.NewServer(r) defer ts.Close() // Do something with ts.URL, such as issuing requests client := http.Client{} resp, _ := client.Get(ts.URL + "/hello") defer resp.Body.Close() respBody, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) if string(respBody) != "Hello, client\n" { t.Errorf("Unexpected body: %q", respBody) } } ``` 如果需要創建多個路由，可以在mux.NewRouter函數中添加多個路由。 ``` func TestMux(t *testing.T) { r := mux.NewRouter() r.HandleFunc("/hello", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, client") }) r.HandleFunc("/world", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, world") }) //r.PathPrefix("/products/") //前綴匹配 //r.Methods("GET", "POST") //請求方法匹配 //r.Schemes("https") //schemes //r.Headers("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest") //header 匹配 //r.Queries("key", "value") //query的值匹配 ts := httptest.NewServer(r) defer ts.Close() // Do something with ts.URL, such as issuing requests client := http.Client{} resp, _ := client.Get(ts.URL + "/hello") defer resp.Body.Close() respBody, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) if string(respBody) != "Hello, client\n" { t.Errorf("Unexpected body: %q", respBody) } } ```