selenium 快速入門 · Selenium自動化測試python篇

[TOC] ## 從一個簡單例子開始 ```python #!/usr/bin/python #coding=utf-8 from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys # 創建Chrome驅動實例 driver = webdriver.Chrome() # 啟動瀏覽器并且導航到指定URL driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/") # 斷言“百度一下”出現在瀏覽器標題 assert "百度一下" in driver.title # 定位name屬性為“wd"的元素 input_text = driver.find_element_by_name("wd") # 清空文本輸入框，輸入文字"selenium",然后回車 input_text.clear() input_text.send_keys("selenium") input_text.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) # 斷言"No results found."不包含在當前頁面源代碼中 assert "No results found." not in driver.page_source # 關閉瀏覽器 driver.close() ``` 如果運行正常，將會自動執行以下操作：打開一個Chrome瀏覽器，然后打開百度首頁，在輸入框中輸入“selenium”然后回車。通過這個例子 * 可以檢驗我們的環境是否已經安裝正常，是否可以通過selenium.webdriver 來與瀏覽器交互 * 在與瀏覽器交互的過程，需要先創建瀏覽器驅動driver，然后`通過driver的一系列api來與瀏覽器交互`，包括打開瀏覽器，定位元素，操作元素，關閉瀏覽器等。 ## 后續主要學習路線 1. 掌握元素定位 2. 掌握瀏覽器操作 3. 掌握常用的斷言 4. 掌握一個測試框架官方文檔：[http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/index.html](http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/index.html) <hr style="margin-top:50px"> <section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 40px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 5px;border-style: double;border-color: rgb(23, 22, 24);padding: 10px;border-radius: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);font-size: 11px;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 7em;height: 7em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-radius: 100%;border-width: 4px;border-style: double;border-color: rgb(23, 22, 24);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://pav7h2emv.bkt.clouddn.com/FnD-fHkNDLN1-b02XmnMvsz6ld-n");"><section class="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.6012024" data-w="499" data-src="http://pav7h2emv.bkt.clouddn.com/FnD-fHkNDLN1-b02XmnMvsz6ld-n" style="opacity: 0; box-sizing: border-box; width: 100% !important; height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg" _width="100%" src="http://pav7h2emv.bkt.clouddn.com/FnD-fHkNDLN1-b02XmnMvsz6ld-n" data-fail="0"></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: -30px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 61.8%;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微信公眾號：</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">python測試開發圈</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 90%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" data-src="http://pav7h2emv.bkt.clouddn.com/FibGgIJSMfHtehzeWOOzjdQKSMx5" style="vertical-align: middle; 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