# 概念 如果主語是動作的承受者，則用動詞的被動語態作謂語。 # 構成 被動語態的構成為：`be+動詞的過去分詞(p.p)···by sb` ``` He is taken to America by his mother.他被媽媽帶到了美國 ``` # 被動語態的時態 ``` The information is needed by us. The book was being read by him. The computer has been used by her. The room will be cleaned. The computer could have been used by her. ``` # 被動語態和情態動詞結合 * can/could+be+動詞過去分詞 may/might must/have to should/ought to had better/would rather used to/would need+doing+動詞過去分詞 表示需要被怎么怎么樣，不使用need+be+動詞過去分詞 need+to be+動詞過去分詞 和need+doing形式含義相同，但是很少使用這種形式 # (by+行為者)可省略 動作的行為者不分明，或不重要，或上下文中提到了行為者時，”by+行為者“可以省略 ``` The information is needed. The book is being read. The door was opened. ``` # 被動語態的疑問句 ## 被動語態的一般疑問句 助動詞+主語+（其他助動詞）+動詞過去分詞~~~~？ ``` Is the information needed by him? -Yes,it is./No,it isn't. Has the computer been used by her? -Yes,it has./No,it hasn't. Will the room be cleaned? -Yes,it will./No,it won't. ``` ## 被動語態的特殊疑問句 疑問詞+助動詞+主語+（其他助動詞）+動詞過去分詞~~~~？ ``` The information is needed by him? What is needed by them? The girl is taken to Shanghai. Where is the girl taken? The book has been read three times. How many times has the book been read? ```