# 只單純表示條件 if條件狀語從句。用if引導條件狀語從句，從句為現在時，通常譯作”如果·····“ * 從句：一般現在時 * 主句：將來時 ``` If you get up early,you will catch up with the train. ``` if引導的條狀狀語從句，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾 ``` If you ask him,he will help you. She will be upset if you fail hte exam.如果你考試失敗了她將會很傷心。 ``` # 與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣 if從句是一種虛擬的條件或假設，和現在事實相反的。主從句時態具體如下： * 從句：動詞過去式（be用were） * 主句：would/could/should/might+動詞原形 ``` If I were you,I would join them. She would come with you if you invited her. ``` # 與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣 if從句是一種虛擬的條件或假設，和過去事實相反的。主從句時態具體如下： * 從句：had+動詞過去分詞 * 主句：would/could/should/might+have+動詞過去分詞 ``` If I had got there eailier,I should have met her.如果我早點到那，我可能就遇到她了。 If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他采納了我的意見，他可能就不會犯如此的一個錯誤了。 ``` # wish/as if + 過去/過去完成時 ## wish wish后面的從句，譯為：”希望····就好了“，是不可能實現的假設 * 與現在事實相反的愿望 I wish I were as tall as you.（一般過去時）我希望和你一樣高就好了。 * 與過去事實相反的愿望 He wished he hadn't said that.（過去完成時）他希望他沒有說過那些話就好了。 * 將來不大可能實現的愿望 I wish it would rain tomorrow.（would/should/could） ## as if as if，譯為：”看起來好像······“ * 與現在事實相反 You look as if you didn't care.（一般現在時）一看起來好像一點都不在乎。 * 與過去事實相反 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.（過去完成時）他談論起羅馬看起來好像他以前去過那兒。 * 與將來事實相反 He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他張開嘴看起來好像他要說些什么。