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                > 定語:修飾限定名詞或代詞的成分 > 定語從句:用一個句子表達定語的含義,在劇中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞。被修飾的名詞叫做<先行詞>。其后的從句就是定語從句。由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。 # 關系代詞 當使用一個句子充當定語來修飾限定名詞或代詞時,需要使用一個代詞聯系起來從句和主句,這個代詞就叫做關系代詞 關系代詞在從句中做一定的成分,代替先行詞,起到鏈接先行詞和從句的作用。 常用的關系代詞: * that (代替人/事物) * who(代替人) * which(代替事物) * whom(代替賓格的人) * whose(代替某人的/某事物的) ``` The girl whom/that I spoke to is my cousin. 我和她說話的那個女孩是我的表姐。 * 先行詞:The girl * I soke to is my cousin這個從句就是用來修飾限定前面的The girl * 從句中 I是主語,spoke to是謂語,但是缺少賓語,那么關系代詞whom/that就代替的是句中的賓語,被提到從句最前面用以連接先行詞和后面的從句。 ``` * which,that在從句中作賓語是可以省略 ``` He came back for the book which/that he had forgotten. He came back for the book which/that was on the desk. ``` # 關系副詞 * when * where * why ## why 修飾表示原因的名詞 eg: the reason ``` We don't know the reason why he didn't show up. ``` ## when 修飾表示時間的名詞 eg: next week ``` We'll put off the picnic until next week,when the weather may be better. ``` ## where 修飾表示地點的名詞 eg: the place ``` We don't know the place where he lives. ```
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