案例代碼：https://gitee.com/flymini/codes01/tree/master/springmvc_/com-learn-springmvc01 **** **1. 創建一個Maven項目**  **2. 補全目錄結構** ``` |—— 項目名 | |—— src | | |—— main | | | |—— java | | | |—— resources | | | |—— webapp | | | | |—— statics #存放js、css、圖片等靜態資源 | | | | |—— WEB-INF | | | | | |—— views #存儲jsp文件 | | | | | |—— web.xml #servlet核心配置文件 | | | | |—— index.jsp #默認的首頁 | |—— pom.xml ``` **3. 配置Tomcat服務器**     Application context為Web項目訪問的跟路徑，可自由定義。 **4. `pom.xml`** ```xml <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> ``` **5. 配置文件** （1）Spring核心配置文件`resources/applicationContext.xml`。 ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> </beans> ``` （2）SpringMVC核心配置文件`resources/springmvc-servlet.xml`。 ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 啟用spring的注解配置 --> <context:annotation-config/> <!-- 配置注解驅動 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- 自動掃描并裝配，可以掃描當前包及子包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.learn.springmvc01"/> <!-- 配置JSP視圖解析器 --> <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <!-- prefix和suffix共同決定jsp文件的位置 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> <property name="exposeContextBeansAsAttributes" value="true"/> </bean> </beans> ``` （3）Servlet核心配置文件`web.xml`。 ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 配置DispatchServlet核心控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <!--引入springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 引入applicationContext.xml配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <!-- ContextLoaderListener組件用來掃描applicationContext.xml文件 --> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app> ``` **6. 創建視圖文件`webapp/WEB-INF/views/welcome.jsp`** ```html <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>WELCOME</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome, Spring MVC</h1> </body> </html> ``` **7. controller層** ```java @Controller public class IndexController { @RequestMapping("/main") public String index() { return "main"; } } ``` **8. 測試** 啟動項目，訪問 http://localhost:8080/mvc/main ，顯示頁面如下。