## 1. collections模塊 ### 1.1 tuple 1. 不可變性和iterable ~~~ tuna = ('dailin',28,'it') tuna[1]=18 Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:/PythonTest/collectiontest/tuple_test.py", line 5, in <module> tuna[1]=18 TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment ~~~ 2. 拆包 ~~~ tuna = ('dailin',28,'it') # 拆包 name,age,work = tuna print(name,age,work) ~~~ 3. 不可變是絕對的 ~~~ tuna1 = ('dailin',28,['hello','hello']) tuna1[2][1]=18 print(tuna1) ~~~ ~~~ ('dailin', 28, ['hello', 18]) ~~~ ### 1.2 namedtuple 顧名思義就是將tuple命名，類似于C語言中的struct。通常訪問tuple利用下標的方式訪問例如tuple[1],然而通過給tuple命名，就可以通過name.shuxing的形式訪問。 ~~~ __author__ = 'dailin' from collections import namedtuple # 第一個是 name，第二個參數是所有 item 名字的列表。 man = namedtuple("people",["name","age","work"]) person = man("tuna",28,"it") print(type(man)) print(person) print(person.name,person.age,person.work) print("===============") women = ("huanhuan",27,"wife") person1 = man(*women) # 將元組展開，**將字典展開 print(person1.name,person1.age,person1.work) ~~~ 輸出： ~~~ <class 'type'> people(name='tuna', age=28, work='it') tuna 28 it =============== huanhuan 27 wife ~~~ ### 1.3 ** 展開字典（一個個鍵值對），*展開元組 ~~~ __author__ = 'dailin' h = {'name':'tuna','age':28} class People(object): def __init__(self,name,age): print("name:{0},age:{1}".format(name,age)) People(**h) People(h) # 報錯 ~~~ ~~~ __author__ = 'dailin' h = {'name':'tuna','age':28} class People(object): def __init__(self,name,age): print("name:{0},age:{1}".format(name,age)) People(**h) People(h) ~~~