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                1. 輪詢法:將請求按順序輪流地分配到后端服務器上,它均衡地對待后端的每一臺服務器,而不關心服務器實際的連接數和當前的系統負載。 ~~~ 1 upstream OrdinaryPolling { 2 server 127.0.0.1:8080; 3 server 127.0.0.1:8081; 4 } 5 server { 6 listen 80; 7 server_name localhost; 8 9 location / { 10 proxy_pass http://OrdinaryPolling; 11 index index.html index.htm index.jsp; 12 13 } 14 } ~~~ 2. 加權輪詢法:不同的后端服務器可能機器的配置和當前系統的負載并不相同,因此它們的抗壓能力也不相同。給配置高、負載低的機器配置更高的權重,讓其處理更多的請;而配置低、負載高的機器,給其分配較低的權重,降低其系統負載,加權輪詢能很好地處理這一問題,并將請求順序且按照權重分配到后端。 ``` upstream OrdinaryPolling { ip_hash; server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=5; server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=2; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://OrdinaryPolling; index index.html index.htm index.jsp; } } ``` 3. 基于IP路由負載:根據獲取客戶端的IP地址,通過哈希函數計算得到一個數值,用該數值對服務器列表的大小進行取模運算,得到的結果便是客服端要訪問服務器的序號。采用源地址哈希法進行負載均衡,同一IP地址的客戶端,當后端服務器列表不變時,它每次都會映射到同一臺后端服務器進行訪問。 ``` upstream OrdinaryPolling { ip_hash; server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=5; server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=2; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://OrdinaryPolling; index index.html index.htm index.jsp; } } ``` 4. 基于服務器響應時間負載分配: 根據服務器處理請求的時間來進行負載,處理請求越快,也就是響應時間越短的優先分配。 ``` upstream OrdinaryPolling { server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=5; server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=2; fair; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://OrdinaryPolling; index index.html index.htm index.jsp; } } ``` 5. 對不同域名實現負載均衡 ``` upstream wordbackend { server 127.0.0.1:8080; server 127.0.0.1:8081; } upstream pptbackend { server 127.0.0.1:8082; server 127.0.0.1:8083; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location /word/ { proxy_pass http://wordbackend; index index.html index.htm index.jsp; } location /ppt/ { proxy_pass http://pptbackend; index index.html index.htm index.jsp; } } ```
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