## 基于WebDriverAgent/XCTest的iOS應用管理命令進階版
從XCode9開始,我們可以在同一個session里管理多個應用。那我們就可以在被測應用壓后臺之后,打開iOS設置,去改變一些設置,然后恢復被測應用或者檢查對應場景,事實上,改變設置,會使應用退出或者重啟。針對iOS系統,Appium有一組特殊的子命令`mobile:`可以提供這些功能的交互。
**重要提示:** 確保在應用重啟之間,你沒有緩存 WebElement 實例,因為每次重啟之后,它們都會變成無效實例。
### mobile: installApp
將應用安裝到被測機器上。如果設備上安裝過該應用,應用會被覆蓋安裝,這樣可以允許你測試應用升級。在安裝被測應用的時候,要注意:確保`terminateApp`先調用,否則WebDriverAgent會認為這是應用閃退。
#### 支持的參數
* `app`: 應用的路徑, .ipa/.app 文件在服務端文件系統里的路徑,
或者 .app 的zip壓縮包,或者 URL 指向網上的 .ipa/.zip 的文件的URL。必填參數。
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("app", "http://example.com/myapp.ipa");
js.executeScript("mobile: installApp", params);
```
### mobile: removeApp
卸載被測設備上的應用。這個接口不會驗證被卸載的應用是否已經安裝過。
#### 支持的參數
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,被卸載應用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: removeApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp'});
```
### mobile: isAppInstalled
驗證應用是否在設備上安裝,返回`true` 或者 `false`。
#### 支持參數
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,應用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final boolean isInstalled = (Boolean)js.executeScript("mobile: isAppInstalled", params);
```
### mobile: launchApp
啟動設備上的應用,如果應用已經啟動,會加載到前臺。
#### 支持參數
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,應用的bundleId
* `arguments`: 可選參數,命令行參數列表。
* `environment`: 可選參數,環境變量的key/value值
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: launchApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp',
'arguments': ('-foo', '--bar'),
'environment': {'foo': 'bar'}})
```
### mobile: terminateApp
終止設備上的應用。如果應用沒有在運行,返回`false`,否則`true`
#### Supported arguments
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,應用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final boolean wasRunningBefore = (Boolean)js.executeScript("mobile: terminateApp", params);
```
### mobile: activateApp
激活被測設備上的應用,并加載到前臺。應用必須已經在運行。如果應用已經在前臺,該調用會被忽略。
#### 支持參數
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,應用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```python
# Python
driver.execute_script('mobile: activateApp', {'bundleId': 'com.myapp'});
```
### mobile: queryAppState
查詢設備上應用的當前狀態。有五種可能的狀態(詳見[Apple's documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/xcuiapplicationstate?language=objc)):
* `0`: unknown,當前狀態未知
* `1`: 沒有在運行
* `2`: 后臺掛起
* `3`: 后臺未掛起
* `4`: 前臺運行
#### 支持參數
* `bundleId`: 必填參數,應用的bundleId
#### 使用案例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("bundleId", "com.myapp");
final int state = (Integer)js.executeScript("mobile: queryAppState", params);
```
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