## 如何在遠程設備上執行Shell命令
可以在遠程Android設備或被測模擬器上執行任何命令,并獲取輸出。此操作可能不安全,默認情況下在服務器端已禁用。在啟動服務器時,必須提供命令行參數`--relaxed-security`才能啟用遠程Shell命令執行(以及其他默認禁用的不安全功能)。如果未在服務器端啟用該命令行參數,并且嘗試在客戶端調用`mobile: shell`,則會引發異常。
### mobile: shell
在被測設備上執行給定的shell命令,并返回其`stdout`或同時返回`stdout`和`stderr`(如果`includeStderr`設置為`true`)。如果命令的返回碼不為0,則將引發異常。該命令的執行動作與其在主機上通過`adb shell`執行的動作相同。
#### 支持的參數
- *command*:遠程命令的名稱。例如,它也可以是可執行文件的完整路徑`/bin/ls`。該參數是強制性的。
- *args*:以字符串數組表示的命令參數列表。如果只提供單個字符串,則它將自動轉換為單項數組。可選參數。
- *includeStderr*:將此參數設置為`true`,以便將`stderr`輸出與`stdout`一起包括到返回的結果中。如果啟用,則返回的結果將map包含相應的字符串鍵 `stdout`和`stder`,否則它只是一個簡單的字符串。默認情況下為`false`。
- *timeout*:shell命令超時時間(以毫秒為單位)。如果該命令需要更多時間來完成執行,則將引發異常。默認為20000毫秒。
#### 用法示例
```java
// Java
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>();
args.put("command", "echo");
args.put("args", Lists.newArrayList("arg1", "arg2"));
String output = driver.executeScript("mobile: shell", args);
assert output.equals("arg1 arg2");
```
```python
# Python
result = driver.execute_script('mobile: shell', {
'command': 'echo',
'args': ['arg1', 'arg2'],
'includeStderr': True,
'timeout': 5000
})
assert result['stdout'] == 'arg1 arg2'
```
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