## **串口控制LED**
> 本例向你展示如何在Arduino或Genuino板從電腦接收消息。在接收到字母H時,就把LED打開。在接收到字母L時就關閉LED。
數據可以從Arduino IDE的串口監視器發送,也可以從Processing(下面有代碼)或Flash(通過serial-net代理),PD或者Max/MSP等其他軟件發送。
### **所需硬件**
Arduino板Genuino板?
LED (可選)?
220Ω電阻(可選)?
連接線
### **所需軟件**
Processing或Max/MSP 5.x版本
很多Arduino和Genuino 板都在13引腳有板載LED;如果你的板子沒有內置LED,請將外部LED連接到13引腳。陽極(長腳)通過220Ω電阻連接到13引腳。陰極(短腳)連接到GND。
### **電路**

### **原理圖**

### **代碼**
~~~
/*
串口控制LED
用Arduino從電腦上接收數據。Arduino在接收到字母H時打開LED,在接收到L時關閉LED。
數據可以從Arduino IDE的串口監視器發送,也可以從Processing(下面有代碼)或Flash(通過serial-net代理),PD或者Max/MSP等其他軟件發送。
電路搭建:
* LED從13引腳連接到GND
* 代碼是公開的
*/
const int ledPin = 13; // LED引腳
int incomingByte; // 串口數據存儲
void setup() {
// 初始化串口連接:
Serial.begin(9600);
// 以OUTPUT模式初始化LED:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// 檢查是否有數據:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
//讀取數據流中最后一個字符:
incomingByte = Serial.read();
// 如果時字母H(ASCII碼72), 打開LED:
if (incomingByte == 'H') {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
}
// 如果時字母L(ASCII碼76), 關閉LED:
if (incomingByte == 'L') {
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}
}
}
~~~
#### **Processing代碼**
將下面代碼復制到Processing。當你的鼠標經過中間方塊時,13引腳的LED應該會打開。Processing Applet的界面是這樣的:

~~~
// 串口控制LED
// 展示如何向Arduino板發送數據
// 如果鼠標在方形區域,就把LED打開,如果不在就關閉
// 代碼是公開的。
import processing.serial.*;
float boxX;
float boxY;
int boxSize = 20;
boolean mouseOverBox = false;
Serial port;
void setup() {
size(200, 200);
boxX = width/2.0;
boxY = height/2.0;
rectMode(RADIUS);
// 列舉所有可用串口。
//(若用了2.1或之前版本,請用Serial.printArray())
Serial.printArray()
println(Serial.list());
// 打開第一個串口(假設Arduino連上的是這個)
// 確保和Arduino設置的波特率相同(這里是9600)
port = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
}
void draw()
{
background(0);
// 檢查光標是否在方塊上方
if (mouseX > boxX-boxSize && mouseX < boxX+boxSize &&
mouseY > boxY-boxSize && mouseY < boxY+boxSize) {
mouseOverBox = true;
// 改變方塊顏色:
stroke(255);
fill(153);
// 鼠標在方塊內,發送H:
port.write('H');
}
else {
// 改變方塊顏色到未選中狀態:
stroke(153);
fill(153);
// 鼠標在方塊內,發送L:
port.write('L');
mouseOverBox = false;
}
// 畫方塊
rect(boxX, boxY, boxSize, boxSize);
}
~~~
#### **Max 補丁**
Max/MSP補丁生效后如圖所示。請將代碼復制下來并且粘貼到**新建補丁**(**new patch**) 窗口。
~~~
----------begin_max5_patcher----------
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-----------end_max5_patcher-----------
~~~
### **相關資料**
[serial.read()](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Serial/Read)?
[serial.available()](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Serial/Available)?
[if statement](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/IfStatement)?
- 說明
- 系統示例文件目錄結構及說明
- 01.Basics
- AnalogReadSerial
- BareMinimum
- Blink
- DigitalReadSerial
- Fade
- ReadAnalogVoltage
- 02.Digital
- BlinkWithoutDelay
- Button
- Debounce
- DigitalInputPullup
- StateChangeDetection
- toneKeyboard
- toneMelody
- toneMultiple
- tonePitchFollower
- 03.Analog
- AnalogInOutSerial
- AnalogInput
- AnalogWriteMega
- Calibration
- Fading
- Smoothing
- 04.Communication
- ASCIITable
- Dimmer
- Graph
- Midi
- MultiSerial
- PhysicalPixel
- ReadASCIIString
- SerialCallResponse
- SerialCallResponseASCII
- SerialEvent
- SerialPassthrough
- VirtualColorMixer
- 05.Control
- Arrays
- ForLoopIteration
- IfStatementConditional
- switchCase
- switchCase2
- WhileStatementConditional
- 06.Sensors
- ADXL3xx
- Knock
- Memsic2125
- Ping
- 07.Display
- barGraph
- RowColumnScanning
- 08.Strings
- CharacterAnalysis
- StringAdditionOperator
- StringAppendOperator
- StringCaseChanges
- StringCharacters
- StringComparisonOperators
- StringConstructors
- StringIndexOf
- StringLength
- StringLengthTrim
- StringReplace
- StringStartsWithEndsWith
- StringSubstring
- StringToInt
- 09.USB
- Keyboard
- KeyboardLogout
- KeyboardMessage
- KeyboardReprogram
- KeyboardSerial
- KeyboardAndMouseControl
- Mouse
- ButtonMouseControl
- JoystickMouseControl
- 10.StarterKit_BasicKit (與特定硬件相關,暫無)
- p02_SpaceshipInterface
- p03_LoveOMeter
- p04_ColorMixingLamp
- p05_ServoMoodIndicator
- p06_LightTheremin
- p07_Keyboard
- p08_DigitalHourglass
- p09_MotorizedPinwheel
- p10_Zoetrope
- p11_CrystalBall
- p12_KnockLock
- p13_TouchSensorLamp
- p14_TweakTheArduinoLogo
- p15_HackingButtons
- 11.ArduinoISP(暫無)
- ArduinoISP