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                ## Chapter 5. Generics(泛型) ### Chapter 5 Introduction(章節介紹) SINCE Java 5, generics have been a part of the language. Before generics, you had to cast every object you read from a collection. If someone accidentally inserted an object of the wrong type, casts could fail at runtime. With generics,you tell the compiler what types of objects are permitted in each collection. The compiler inserts casts for you automatically and tells you at compile time if you try to insert an object of the wrong type. This results in programs that are both safer and clearer, but these benefits, which are not limited to collections, come at a price. This chapter tells you how to maximize the benefits and minimize the complications. 自 Java 5 以來,泛型一直是 Java 語言的一部分。在泛型出現之前,從集合中讀取的每個對象都必須進行強制轉換。如果有人不小心插入了錯誤類型的對象,強制類型轉換可能在運行時失敗。對于泛型,你可以告知編譯器在每個集合中允許哪些類型的對象。編譯器會自動為你進行強制轉換與插入的操作,如果你試圖插入類型錯誤的對象,編譯器會在編譯時告訴你。這就產生了更安全、更清晰的程序,但是這些好處不僅僅局限于集合,而且也是有代價的。這一章會告訴你如何最大限度地揚長避短。
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