[TOC] ## 一、【示例】服務關閉前備份數據庫 ``` mysql: container_name: docker-wp-mysql-8 image: 'mysql:8.0' cpus: '2' cpu_shares: 2048 working_dir: /docker-wp/mysql8 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: xuguo MYSQL_DATABASE: wp MYSQL_USER: xuguo MYSQL_PASSWORD: xuguo MYSQL_SOCKET: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # 當需要指定時才定義； volumes: - db_data:/var/lib/mysql - db_mysqld:/var/run/mysqld - /Users/jerryxu/wwwroot/cache/test/docker-wp/mysql8/shellBackUp:/shellBackUp - /Users/jerryxu/wwwroot/cache/test/docker-wp/mysql8/backup:/backup command: | /bin/bash -c "trap 'mysqladmin -h mysql -uroot -pMYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD shutdown; /shellBackUp/backup.sh' EXIT; /usr/sbin/mysqld" ports: - '61002:3306' networks: - my-network ``` 這段代碼啟動了一個名為`docker-wp-mysql-8`的 MySQL 容器，使用了 MySQL 8.0 的 Docker 鏡像。在容器啟動時，使用`trap`命令捕獲容器退出信號，并在容器退出時執行備份腳本和優雅地關閉 MySQL 服務器。容器將 MySQL 數據庫數據目錄、MySQL 服務器套接字目錄、備份腳本路徑和備份文件路徑掛載到容器中。MySQL 服務器的 3306端口映射到主機的 61002 端口。 ### 備份腳本 `````` # Define backup file name BACKUP_FILE\="/backup/backup-$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S).sql" BACKUP_ARCHIVE\="/backup/backup-$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S).tar.gz" # Create backup directory mkdir -p /backup # Backup MySQL database mysqldump --all-databases -uroot -p"${MYSQL_ROOT\_PASSWORD}" > "${BACKUP_FILE}" --socket="${MYSQL\_SOCKET}" # Archive backup file tar -czvf "${BACKUP_ARCHIVE}" "${BACKUP_FILE}" \# Remove backup file rm "${BACKUP_FILE}" `````` ## 二、綁定數據塊到本地目錄 `````` volumes: db\_data: driver: local driver\_opts: type: none o: bind device: /Users/jerryxu/wwwroot/cache/test/docker-wp/mysql8/db-data ``````