# Perl 變量 > 原文： [https://beginnersbook.com/2017/02/perl-variables/](https://beginnersbook.com/2017/02/perl-variables/) perl 中有三種類型的變量：標量，標量和散列數組。讓我們在示例的幫助下逐一學習它們。 ### 標量 [標量](https://beginnersbook.com/2017/05/scalars-in-perl/)是單一數據單元。標量可以是整數，浮點數，字符串等。標量變量以`$`符號為前綴。讓我們看看下面的 perl 腳本，其中我們有三個標量變量。 ```perl #!/usr/bin/perl # Integer $age = 29; # String $name = "Chaitanya Singh"; # Float $height = 180.88; print "Name: $name\n"; print "Age: $age\n"; print "Height: $height\n"; ``` **輸出：** ```perl Name: Chaitanya Singh Age: 29 Height: 180.88 ``` ### 數組 [數組](https://beginnersbook.com/2017/05/perl-lists-and-arrays/)是標量的有序列表，數組變量的前綴為`@`符號，如下例所示： ```perl #!/usr/bin/perl @friends = ("Ajeet", "Leo", "Rahul", "Dhruv"); print "\$friends[0] = $friends[0]\n"; print "\$friends[1] = $friends[1]\n"; print "\$friends[2] = $friends[2]\n"; print "\$friends[3] = $friends[3]\n"; ``` **輸出：** ```perl $friends[0] = Ajeet $friends[1] = Leo $friends[2] = Rahul $friends[3] = Dhruv ``` ### 哈希（也稱為關聯數組） [哈希](https://beginnersbook.com/2017/05/hashes-in-perl/)是一組鍵值對。哈希變量以`%`符號為前綴。讓我們看看下面的例子： ```perl #!/usr/bin/perl %age = ('Chaitanya Singh', 29, 'Ajeet', 28, 'Lisa', 25); print "\$age{'Lisa'}: $age{'Lisa'}\n"; print "\$age{'Chaitanya Singh'}: $age{'Chaitanya Singh'}\n"; print "\$age{'Ajeet'}: $age{'Ajeet'}\n"; ``` **輸出：** ```perl $age{'Lisa'}: 25 $age{'Chaitanya Singh'}: 29 $age{'Ajeet'}: 28 ```