Java MongoDB：在集合中插入文檔的示例 · HowToDoInJava 中文系列教程

# Java MongoDB：在集合中插入文檔的示例 > 原文： [https://howtodoinjava.com/mongodb/java-mongodb-insert-documents-in-collection-examples/](https://howtodoinjava.com/mongodb/java-mongodb-insert-documents-in-collection-examples/) 在 [**MongoDB 學習系列**](//howtodoinjava.com/category/nosql/mongodb/ "learn mongodb")中，我們已經介紹了 [MongoDB 基礎知識](//howtodoinjava.com/nosql/introduction-to-mongodb-why-mongodb/ "Introduction to MongoDB: Why MongoDB?")， [**在 Windows 中安裝 MongoDB**](//howtodoinjava.com/nosql/mongodb/how-to-install-mongodb-on-windows/ "How to Install MongoDB on Windows") 和[**如何從集合中查詢/選擇文檔**](//howtodoinjava.com/nosql/mongodb/mongodb-selectqueryfind-documents-examples/ "MongoDB : Select/Query/Find Document(s) Examples")。在本教程中，我列出了 4 種可用于在 MongoDB 中向集合中插入或添加文檔的方法。 ```java List of examples in this tutorial 1) Insert BasicDBObject in collection 2) Use DBObjectBuilder to insert document in collection 3) Use java.util.HashMap to build BasicDBObject and insert into collection 4) Parse JSON to build DBObject and insert into collection ``` ## 我們將插入集合的示例文檔 ```java { "name":"lokesh", "website":"howtodoinjava.com", "address":{ "addressLine1":"Some address", "addressLine2":"Karol Bagh", "addressLine3":"New Delhi, India" } } ``` ## 1）在集合中插入`BasicDBObject` 這是最簡單的。創建`BasicDBObject`的實例，填充數據并調用`collection.insert()`方法。 ```java BasicDBObject document = new BasicDBObject(); document.put("name", "lokesh"); document.put("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); BasicDBObject documentDetail = new BasicDBObject(); documentDetail.put("addressLine1", "Sweet Home"); documentDetail.put("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh"); documentDetail.put("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); document.put("address", documentDetail); collection.insert(document); Output: { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d56a3364192189d4f98fe"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Sweet Home" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} ``` ## 2）使用`DBObjectBuilder`在集合中插入文檔與上面的示例非常相似，僅使用`DBObjectBuilder`來構建`DBObject`。 ```java BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilder = BasicDBObjectBuilder.start() .add("name", "lokesh") .add("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail = BasicDBObjectBuilder.start() .add("addressLine1", "Some address") .add("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh") .add("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); documentBuilder.add("address", documentBuilderDetail.get()); collection.insert(documentBuilder.get()); Output: { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d56a3364192189d4f98ff"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Sweet Home" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} ``` ## 3）使用`java.util.HashMap`構建`BasicDBObject`并插入到集合中在這里，您首先將數據放入哈希圖中，然后使用該哈希圖構建`BasicDBObject`。 ```java Map<String, Object> documentMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); documentMap.put("name", "lokesh"); documentMap.put("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); Map<String, Object> documentMapDetail = new HashMap<String, Object>(); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine1", "Some address"); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh"); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); documentMap.put("address", documentMapDetail); collection.insert(new BasicDBObject(documentMap)); Output: { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d56a3364192189d4f98fg"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Sweet Home" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} ``` ## 4）解析 JSON 以構建`DBObject`并插入到集合中 ```java String json = "{ 'name' : 'lokesh' , " + "'website' : 'howtodoinjava.com' , " + "'address' : { 'addressLine1' : 'Some address' , " + "'addressLine2' : 'Karol Bagh' , " + "'addressLine3' : 'New Delhi, India'}" + "}"; DBObject dbObject = (DBObject)JSON.parse(json); collection.insert(dbObject); Output: { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d56a3364192189d4f98fg"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Sweet Home" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} ``` ## 完整的示例和源代碼以上所有示例的完整工作代碼如下： ```java package examples.mongodb.crud; import java.net.UnknownHostException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject; import com.mongodb.BasicDBObjectBuilder; import com.mongodb.DB; import com.mongodb.DBCollection; import com.mongodb.DBCursor; import com.mongodb.DBObject; import com.mongodb.MongoClient; import com.mongodb.WriteResult; import com.mongodb.util.JSON; public class MongoDBInsertDataExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException { MongoClient mongo = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017); DB db = mongo.getDB("howtodoinjava"); DBCollection collection = db.getCollection("users"); ///Delete All documents before running example again WriteResult result = collection.remove(new BasicDBObject()); System.out.println(result.toString()); basicDBObject_Example(collection); basicDBObjectBuilder_Example(collection); hashMap_Example(collection); parseJSON_Example(collection); DBCursor cursor = collection.find(); while(cursor.hasNext()) { System.out.println(cursor.next()); } } private static void basicDBObject_Example(DBCollection collection){ BasicDBObject document = new BasicDBObject(); document.put("name", "lokesh"); document.put("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); BasicDBObject documentDetail = new BasicDBObject(); documentDetail.put("addressLine1", "Sweet Home"); documentDetail.put("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh"); documentDetail.put("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); document.put("address", documentDetail); collection.insert(document); } private static void basicDBObjectBuilder_Example(DBCollection collection){ BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilder = BasicDBObjectBuilder.start() .add("name", "lokesh") .add("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); BasicDBObjectBuilder documentBuilderDetail = BasicDBObjectBuilder.start() .add("addressLine1", "Some address") .add("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh") .add("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); documentBuilder.add("address", documentBuilderDetail.get()); collection.insert(documentBuilder.get()); } private static void hashMap_Example(DBCollection collection){ Map<String, Object> documentMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); documentMap.put("name", "lokesh"); documentMap.put("website", "howtodoinjava.com"); Map<String, Object> documentMapDetail = new HashMap<String, Object>(); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine1", "Some address"); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine2", "Karol Bagh"); documentMapDetail.put("addressLine3", "New Delhi, India"); documentMap.put("address", documentMapDetail); collection.insert(new BasicDBObject(documentMap)); } private static void parseJSON_Example(DBCollection collection){ String json = "{ 'name' : 'lokesh' , " + "'website' : 'howtodoinjava.com' , " + "'address' : { 'addressLine1' : 'Some address' , " + "'addressLine2' : 'Karol Bagh' , " + "'addressLine3' : 'New Delhi, India'}" + "}"; DBObject dbObject = (DBObject)JSON.parse(json); collection.insert(dbObject); } } Output: { "serverUsed" : "localhost/127.0.0.1:27017" , "connectionId" : 3 , "n" : 4 , "syncMillis" : 0 , "writtenTo" : null , "err" : null , "ok" : 1.0} { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d5b3936417871aa391d20"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Sweet Home" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d5b3936417871aa391d21"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Some address" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d5b3936417871aa391d22"} , "address" : { "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine1" : "Some address"} , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "name" : "lokesh"} { "_id" : { "$oid" : "538d5b3936417871aa391d23"} , "name" : "lokesh" , "website" : "howtodoinjava.com" , "address" : { "addressLine1" : "Some address" , "addressLine2" : "Karol Bagh" , "addressLine3" : "New Delhi, India"}} ``` **祝您學習愉快！**