# O(1) Check Power of 2
### Source
- lintcode: [(142) O(1) Check Power of 2](http://www.lintcode.com/en/problem/o1-check-power-of-2/)
~~~
Using O(1) time to check whether an integer n is a power of 2.
Example
For n=4, return true;
For n=5, return false;
Challenge
O(1) time
~~~
### 題解
咋看起來挺簡單的一道題目,可之前若是沒有接觸過神奇的位運算技巧遇到這種題就有點不知從哪入手了,咳咳,我第一次接觸到這個題就是在七牛的筆試題中看到的,淚奔 :-(
簡單點來考慮可以連除2求余,看最后的余數是否為1,但是這種方法無法在 O(1)O(1)O(1) 的時間內解出,所以我們必須要想點別的辦法了。2的整數冪若用二進制來表示,則其中必只有一個1,其余全是0,那么怎么才能用一個式子把這種特殊的關系表示出來了?傳統的位運算如按位與、按位或和按位異或等均無法直接求解,我就不賣關子了,比較下`x - 1`和`x`的關系試試?以`x=4`為例。
~~~
0100 ==> 4
0011 ==> 3
~~~
兩個數進行按位與就為0了!如果不是2的整數冪則無上述關系,反證法可證之。
### Python
~~~
class Solution:
"""
@param n: An integer
@return: True or false
"""
def checkPowerOf2(self, n):
if n < 1:
return False
else:
return (n & (n - 1)) == 0
~~~
### C++
~~~
class Solution {
public:
/*
* @param n: An integer
* @return: True or false
*/
bool checkPowerOf2(int n) {
if (1 > n) {
return false;
} else {
return 0 == (n & (n - 1));
}
}
};
~~~
### Java
~~~
class Solution {
/*
* @param n: An integer
* @return: True or false
*/
public boolean checkPowerOf2(int n) {
if (n < 1) {
return false;
} else {
return (n & (n - 1)) == 0;
}
}
};
~~~
### 源碼分析
除了考慮正整數之外,其他邊界條件如小于等于0的整數也應考慮在內。在比較0和`(n & (n - 1))`的值時,需要用括號括起來避免優先級結合的問題。
### 復雜度分析
O(1)O(1)O(1).
### 擴展
關于2的整數冪還有一道有意思的題,比如 [Next Power of 2 - GeeksforGeeks](http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/next-power-of-2/),有興趣的可以去圍觀下。
- Preface
- Part I - Basics
- Basics Data Structure
- String
- Linked List
- Binary Tree
- Huffman Compression
- Queue
- Heap
- Stack
- Set
- Map
- Graph
- Basics Sorting
- Bubble Sort
- Selection Sort
- Insertion Sort
- Merge Sort
- Quick Sort
- Heap Sort
- Bucket Sort
- Counting Sort
- Radix Sort
- Basics Algorithm
- Divide and Conquer
- Binary Search
- Math
- Greatest Common Divisor
- Prime
- Knapsack
- Probability
- Shuffle
- Basics Misc
- Bit Manipulation
- Part II - Coding
- String
- strStr
- Two Strings Are Anagrams
- Compare Strings
- Anagrams
- Longest Common Substring
- Rotate String
- Reverse Words in a String
- Valid Palindrome
- Longest Palindromic Substring
- Space Replacement
- Wildcard Matching
- Length of Last Word
- Count and Say
- Integer Array
- Remove Element
- Zero Sum Subarray
- Subarray Sum K
- Subarray Sum Closest
- Recover Rotated Sorted Array
- Product of Array Exclude Itself
- Partition Array
- First Missing Positive
- 2 Sum
- 3 Sum
- 3 Sum Closest
- Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array
- Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II
- Merge Sorted Array
- Merge Sorted Array II
- Median
- Partition Array by Odd and Even
- Kth Largest Element
- Binary Search
- Binary Search
- Search Insert Position
- Search for a Range
- First Bad Version
- Search a 2D Matrix
- Search a 2D Matrix II
- Find Peak Element
- Search in Rotated Sorted Array
- Search in Rotated Sorted Array II
- Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
- Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II
- Median of two Sorted Arrays
- Sqrt x
- Wood Cut
- Math and Bit Manipulation
- Single Number
- Single Number II
- Single Number III
- O1 Check Power of 2
- Convert Integer A to Integer B
- Factorial Trailing Zeroes
- Unique Binary Search Trees
- Update Bits
- Fast Power
- Hash Function
- Count 1 in Binary
- Fibonacci
- A plus B Problem
- Print Numbers by Recursion
- Majority Number
- Majority Number II
- Majority Number III
- Digit Counts
- Ugly Number
- Plus One
- Linked List
- Remove Duplicates from Sorted List
- Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II
- Remove Duplicates from Unsorted List
- Partition List
- Two Lists Sum
- Two Lists Sum Advanced
- Remove Nth Node From End of List
- Linked List Cycle
- Linked List Cycle II
- Reverse Linked List
- Reverse Linked List II
- Merge Two Sorted Lists
- Merge k Sorted Lists
- Reorder List
- Copy List with Random Pointer
- Sort List
- Insertion Sort List
- Check if a singly linked list is palindrome
- Delete Node in the Middle of Singly Linked List
- Rotate List
- Swap Nodes in Pairs
- Remove Linked List Elements
- Binary Tree
- Binary Tree Preorder Traversal
- Binary Tree Inorder Traversal
- Binary Tree Postorder Traversal
- Binary Tree Level Order Traversal
- Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II
- Maximum Depth of Binary Tree
- Balanced Binary Tree
- Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum
- Lowest Common Ancestor
- Invert Binary Tree
- Diameter of a Binary Tree
- Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal
- Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal
- Subtree
- Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal
- Binary Tree Serialization
- Binary Search Tree
- Insert Node in a Binary Search Tree
- Validate Binary Search Tree
- Search Range in Binary Search Tree
- Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree
- Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree
- Binary Search Tree Iterator
- Exhaustive Search
- Subsets
- Unique Subsets
- Permutations
- Unique Permutations
- Next Permutation
- Previous Permuation
- Unique Binary Search Trees II
- Permutation Index
- Permutation Index II
- Permutation Sequence
- Palindrome Partitioning
- Combinations
- Combination Sum
- Combination Sum II
- Minimum Depth of Binary Tree
- Word Search
- Dynamic Programming
- Triangle
- Backpack
- Backpack II
- Minimum Path Sum
- Unique Paths
- Unique Paths II
- Climbing Stairs
- Jump Game
- Word Break
- Longest Increasing Subsequence
- Palindrome Partitioning II
- Longest Common Subsequence
- Edit Distance
- Jump Game II
- Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock
- Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II
- Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III
- Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock IV
- Distinct Subsequences
- Interleaving String
- Maximum Subarray
- Maximum Subarray II
- Longest Increasing Continuous subsequence
- Longest Increasing Continuous subsequence II
- Graph
- Find the Connected Component in the Undirected Graph
- Route Between Two Nodes in Graph
- Topological Sorting
- Word Ladder
- Bipartial Graph Part I
- Data Structure
- Implement Queue by Two Stacks
- Min Stack
- Sliding Window Maximum
- Longest Words
- Heapify
- Problem Misc
- Nuts and Bolts Problem
- String to Integer
- Insert Interval
- Merge Intervals
- Minimum Subarray
- Matrix Zigzag Traversal
- Valid Sudoku
- Add Binary
- Reverse Integer
- Gray Code
- Find the Missing Number
- Minimum Window Substring
- Continuous Subarray Sum
- Continuous Subarray Sum II
- Longest Consecutive Sequence
- Part III - Contest
- Google APAC
- APAC 2015 Round B
- Problem A. Password Attacker
- Microsoft
- Microsoft 2015 April
- Problem A. Magic Box
- Problem B. Professor Q's Software
- Problem C. Islands Travel
- Problem D. Recruitment
- Microsoft 2015 April 2
- Problem A. Lucky Substrings
- Problem B. Numeric Keypad
- Problem C. Spring Outing
- Microsoft 2015 September 2
- Problem A. Farthest Point
- Appendix I Interview and Resume
- Interview
- Resume