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                # dynamic(動態設置) ## 默認情況下,字段會動態的添加到?**document?**或者?**document?**的?[inner objects](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/object.html "Object datatype")(內部對象),只需要通過索引包含這個新字段的?**document。**例如: | `curl -XPUT?``'localhost:9200/my_index/my_type/1?pretty'`?`-H?``'Content-Type: application/json'`?`-d' #?``1` `{` `"username"``:?``"johnsmith"``,` `"name"``: {` `"first"``:?``"John"``,` `"last"``:?``"Smith"` `}` `}` `'` `curl -XGET?``'localhost:9200/my_index/_mapping?pretty'`?`#?``2` `curl -XPUT?``'localhost:9200/my_index/my_type/2?pretty'`?`-H?``'Content-Type: application/json'`?`-d' #?``3` `{` `"username"``:?``"marywhite"``,` `"email"``:?``"mary@white.com"``,` `"name"``: {` `"first"``:?``"Mary"``,` `"middle"``:?``"Alice"``,` `"last"``:?``"White"` `}` `}` `'` `curl -XGET?``'localhost:9200/my_index/_mapping?pretty'`?`#?``4` | | 1 | 這個文檔介紹了字符串字段?**username ,**對象字段name,和兩個在?**name**對象下的字符串字段 ,可以稱為?**name.first?**和?**name.last**。 | | 2 | 檢查映射來驗證上面的?**PUT**。 | | 3 | 這個文檔添加兩個字符串字段?**email?**和?**name.middle**。 | | 4 | 檢查映射來驗證上面的改動. | 新字段如何被檢測和添加到映射的細節可以見??**[*Dynamic Mapping*](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/dynamic-mapping.html "Dynamic Mapping").** **dynamic**?設置控制著新的字段是否可以動態的添加.有三個配置參數: | **true** | 新檢測的字段被添加到映射中.(默認配置) | | **false** | 新檢測的字段將被忽略。 必須明確添加新字段。 | | **strict** | 如果檢測到新字段,將拋出異常并且文檔是拒絕的。 | dynamic 可以在映射類型級別和每個[inner object](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/object.html "Object datatype")(內部對象)進行設置。 inner object(內部對象)繼承其父對象和來自于映射類型的設置. 例如 : | `curl -XPUT?``'localhost:9200/my_index?pretty'`?`-H?``'Content-Type: application/json'`?`-d'` `{` `"mappings"``: {` `"my_type"``: {` `"dynamic"``:?``false``, #?``1` `"properties"``: {` `"user"``: {? #?``2` `"properties"``: {` `"name"``: {` `"type"``:?``"text"` `},` `"social_networks"``: {? #?``3` `"dynamic"``:?``true``,` `"properties"``: {}` `}` `}` `}` `}` `}` `}` `}` `'` | | 1 | **dynamic mapping**(動態映射)在類型級別被禁用,所以不會有新的頂級字段動態添加. | | 2 | **user?**對象繼承類型級別設置. | | 3 | **user.social_networks?**對象允許動態映射,因此可以將新字段添加到該**inner object**?(內部對象)。 | 建議 **dynamic?**設置允許在同一索引中相同名稱的字段的有不同設置。 可以使用?[PUT mapping API](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/indices-put-mapping.html "Put Mapping")(PUT映射API)在現有字段上更新字段的值。
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