# 自定義分析器 原文鏈接 : [https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-custom-analyzer.html](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/getting-started.html)（修改該鏈接為官網對應的鏈接） 譯文鏈接 : [http://www.apache.wiki/display/Elasticsearch](http://www.apache.wiki/display/Elasticsearch)/analysis-custom-analyzer.html（修改該鏈接為 **ApacheCN** 對應的譯文鏈接） 貢獻者 : [╮欠n1的太多](/display/~wuhongzhou)，[ApacheCN](/display/~apachecn)，[Apache中文網](/display/~apachechina) 當內置分析器不能滿足您的需求時，您可以創建一個custom分析器，它使用以下相應的組合： * 零個或多個[字符過濾器](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-custom-analyzer.html) * 一個 [分析器](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-tokenizers.html) * 零個或多個[token過濾器](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-custom-analyzer.html)。 ## 配置 custom（自定義）分析器接受以下的參數： | `tokenizer` | 內置或定制的標記器。 （需要） | | `char_filter` | 內置或自定義[字符過濾器](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-charfilters.html)的可選陣列。 | | `filter` | 可選的內置或定制token過濾器陣列。 | | `position_increment_gap` | 在索引文本值數組時，Elasticsearch會在一個值的最后一個值和下一個值的第一個項之間插入假的“間隙”，以確保短語查詢與不同數組元素的兩個術語不匹配。 默認為100.有關更多信息，請參閱[position_increment_gap](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/position-increment-gap.html)。 | ## 配置示例 以下是一個結合以下內容的示例： 字符過濾器 * [HTML Strip Character Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-htmlstrip-charfilter.html "HTML Strip Char Filter") 分詞器 * [Standard Tokenizer](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-standard-tokenizer.html "Standard Tokenizer") Token 分析器 * [Lowercase Token Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lowercase-tokenfilter.html "Lowercase Token Filter") * [ASCII-Folding Token Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-asciifolding-tokenfilter.html "ASCII Folding Token Filter") ``` PUT my_index { "settings": { "analysis": { "analyzer": { "my_custom_analyzer": { "type": "custom", "tokenizer": "standard", "char_filter": [ "html_strip" ], "filter": [ "lowercase", "asciifolding" ] } } } } } POST my_index/_analyze { "analyzer": "my_custom_analyzer", "text": "Is this <b>déjà vu</b>?" } ``` ``` 上述句子將產生以下詞語： ``` ``` [ is, this, deja, vu ] ``` 前面的例子使用了默認配置的tokenizer，令牌過濾器和字符過濾器，但是可以創建每個配置的版本并在自定義分析器中使用它們。以下是一個比較復雜的例子： 字符過濾器 * [Mapping Character Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-mapping-charfilter.html "Mapping Char Filter"),? 分詞器 * [Pattern Tokenizer](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-pattern-tokenizer.html "Pattern Tokenizer"),?配置為分割標點符號 Token 分析器 * [Lowercase Token Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lowercase-tokenfilter.html "Lowercase Token Filter")(小寫分析器) * [Stop Token Filter](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-stop-tokenfilter.html "Stop Token Filter")(停止分析器),?配置為使用預定義的英文停止詞列表 ## 示例 ``` PUT my_index { "settings": { "analysis": { "analyzer": { "my_custom_analyzer": { "type": "custom", "char_filter": [ "emoticons" ], "tokenizer": "punctuation", "filter": [ "lowercase", "english_stop" ] } }, "tokenizer": { "punctuation": { "type": "pattern", "pattern": "[ .,!?]" } }, "char_filter": { "emoticons": { "type": "mapping", "mappings": [ ":) => _happy_", ":( => _sad_" ] } }, "filter": { "english_stop": { "type": "stop", "stopwords": "_english_" } } } } } POST my_index/_analyze { "analyzer": "my_custom_analyzer", "text": "I'm a :) person, and you?" } ``` | [](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-custom-analyzer.html#CO283-1)? | 表情符號字符過濾器，標點符號化器和english_stop令牌過濾器是在相同索引設置中定義的自定義實現。 | 以上示例產生以下詞語： ``` [ i'm, _happy_, person, you ] ```