# 20.為什么孩子們討厭學校 [TOC=3,5] ## 20 Why kids hate school? ## 為什么孩子們討厭學校？ ### 20.1 Experts confirm: kids don't like school ### 專家證實：孩子們不喜歡學校 It was back in 1964 when rebellious educator [John Holt](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/John_Holt), in his book "_How Children Fail_", noticed that the school system is a major contributor to academic failure. Since then, relatively little has changed. [Homeschooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling) is now more popular in the US. Parental rights in reference to schooling have improved in many legislations. However, there are also major setbacks. Most of them are a side effect of the accelerated drive for "better" education across the world. The industrial manufacture of educated masses has grown in scale. 早在 1964 年，叛逆的教育家 [John Holt](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/John_Holt) 在他的《_兒童是怎樣失敗的_》一書中注意到，學校系統是學業失敗的主要原因。 從那以后，相對來說變化不大。[家庭教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling)現在在美國更受歡迎。許多立法都提到了關于學校教育的父母權利。然而，也有重大挫折。其中大多數都是加速推動全球「更好」教育的副作用。教育大眾的工業流水線不斷擴大。 Psychologist [Daniel Willingham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_T._Willingham) wrote a book "_Why Don't Students Like School_". In the book, he criticized teaching methods, which do not account for cognitive needs and abilities of children. Another notable psychologist [Peter Gray](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Peter_Gray) was [quite upset](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Gray_about_Willingham) with the fact that the book did not get to the core of the problem. According to Dr Gray, kids hate school for it limits child freedoms. Gray does not hesitate to say "_school is prison_". 心理學家 [Daniel Willingham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_T._Willingham) 寫了一本書《_為什么學生不喜歡學校_》。在書中，他批評了教學方法，這些方法沒有考慮兒童的認知需求和能力。另一位著名的心理學家 [Peter Gray](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Peter_Gray) 對這本書沒有解決問題的核心這一事實感到非常沮喪。根據 Gray 博士的說法，孩子們討厭學校因為它限制了孩子的自由。Gray 毫不猶豫地說「_學校就是監獄_」。 ### 20.2 My own investigation ### 我自己的調查 Obviously, both Willingham and [Gray](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Peter_Gray) are right. However, I decided to do a bit of research of my own. I decided to list all the most prominent school pains. Interviewing kids seemed like the best way to go. Before writing this article, in summer 2016, **I talked to some two hundred kids of all ages** \(and many more since\). This painted for me a pretty solid picture. Kids dislike or hate school almost universally. The older they are, the stronger the feeling. 顯然，Willingham 和 [Gray](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Peter_Gray) 都是對的。但是，我決定對自己做一些研究。我決定列出學校引起的最突出的痛苦。和孩子面談似乎是最好的方式。 在寫這篇文章之前，在 2016 年夏天，**我與大約 200 名各個年齡段的孩子進行了交談**（之后還有更多）。這給我畫了一幅非常扎實的圖景。孩子們幾乎普遍不喜歡或討厭上學。他們越大，感覺就越強烈。 My impression does not agree entirely with what researchers report. Depending on methodology and the country, the findings claim that "only" 20-80% kids dislike school. 我的印象與研究人員的報道完全不符。 根據不同方法和國家，調查結果聲稱「只有」20-80％ 的孩子不喜歡上學。 In the process of collecting opinions, I also spoke to adults. Amazingly, the entirely different picture emerges there. Most parents claim "_my kid loves kindergarten_" or "_my kids love school_". Where from this dissonance? This is complex and goes beyond the scope of [this book](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Problem_of_schooling). The dissonance comes from a combination of poor communication, sense of guilt, [distorted memories of schooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Glorification_of_schooling), as well as maturity, where only after years we appreciate the value of the time spent at school heavily whitewashed with the brightness of youth. Most of all, [child's brain](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Childhood_amnesia) has no good system to send messages to the future self, the adult brain: _"I am different. I work differently. Can't you understand?"_. This is why **adults will never understand kid brains via empathy alone**. They can only rationalize and attempt to empathize via the findings of [neuroscience](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Pleasure_of_learning). 在收集意見的過程中，我還與成年人交談。令人驚訝的是，完全不同的圖景出現在那里。大多數父母聲稱「_我的孩子喜歡幼兒園_」或「_我的孩子喜歡上學_」。這種不一致從何而來？這很復雜，超出了[本書](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Problem_of_schooling)的范圍。這種不一致來自于溝通不暢、內疚感、[對學校教育的扭曲記憶](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Glorification_of_schooling)以及成熟，只有在多年之后，我們才理解被青春的光輝粉飾過的，在學校度過的時光的價值。最重要的是，[孩子的大腦](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Childhood_amnesia)沒有良好的系統來向未來的自我發送信息，而成人的大腦：「_我與眾不同。我的工作方式不同。你不明白嗎？_」。這就是為什么**僅僅通過同情，成年人不會來理解孩子的大腦**。他們只能通過[神經科學](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Pleasure_of_learning)的發現合理化并嘗試同情。 As for [distorted memories](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/How_are_false_memories_born%3F), this is my field of expertise. Therefore I made an honest evaluation of my own feelings about my own experience at schools. The verdict is simple: school memories are a constellation of love and hate and all shades in between. Anyone who says "_I loved school_" or "_I hated school_" must be making a gross generalization that is largely justified by the distortive and generalizing power of the human brain. This is why live interviews with kids about their feeling "_at the moment_" are so precious. Interview honesty is vital. This is why I picked kids mostly from a circle of friends. Those who I approached as a stranger were hesitant or literally afraid to admit they dislike school! As if it was a thing we should not say loud. Kids are pressured and conditioned to say loudly that "_school is good_". Disliking school is supposed to be a reason to be ashamed or condemned. Only when kids find me as their ally, they admit the truth: "_school is prison_". 至于[扭曲的記憶](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/How_are_false_memories_born%3F)，這是我的專業領域。因此，我對自己對學校經歷的感受進行了誠實的評價。判決很簡單：學校的記憶是一種愛與恨的星座，兩者之間都是陰影。任何說「_我喜歡上學_」或「_我討厭上學_」的人都必須做出一種粗略的概括，這種概括在很大程度上是由人類大腦的扭曲和泛化力量所證明的。這就是為什么現場采訪孩子關于他們「_此刻_」的感覺是如此珍貴。在面談中，誠實至關重要。這就是為什么我主要從一群朋友那里挑選孩子的原因。那些我作為一個陌生人接近的人是猶豫不決或者真的害怕承認他們不喜歡上學！好像這是一件我們不應該大聲說的話。孩子們被迫并習慣于大聲說「_學校好_」。不喜歡上學被認為是感到羞恥或被譴責的理由。只有當孩子們發現我是他們的盟友時，他們才承認真相：「_學校就是監獄_」。 ### 20.3 Top 11: What kids hate most about school ### Top 11：孩子最討厭學校的地方 I put primary kid gripes into the following categories prioritized from the worst to the least significant. Every kid has his or her own list. My bullets should be considered an "average". This is what kids hate most about school: 我將小學生的抱怨分為以下幾類，從最壞的到最不重要的優先順序。每個孩子都有自己的清單。我的子彈應被視為「平均」。這是孩子最討厭學校的地方： 1. [Getting up in the morning](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Natural_creativity_cycle) 2. [Boredom](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Pleasure_of_learning) 3. [Stress](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Stress_resilience) \(grades, exams, overload\) 4. [Excess hours](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Passion_and_memory) \(tiredness, whole day lost, etc.\) 5. [Homework](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homework) 6. [Bullies](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Bullying) 7. [Self-esteem issues](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Tamara) 8. [People they don't like](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimal_socialization) \(forced social groups, mean teachers, jocks, popular girls, teacher's pets, etc.\) 9. Rules and regulations \(no phones, no bathroom, dress code, mute button, raise a hand ban, cannot open the window, etc.\) 10. Lack of freedom to [choose](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Self-directed_learning) \(e.g. courses, subject, sport teams, etc.\) 11. [Pointless learning](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Learn_drive) \(teachers often fail to explain why a subject is important\) 12. [早起](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Natural_creativity_cycle) 13. [無聊](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Pleasure_of_learning) 14. [壓力](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Stress_resilience)（成績、考試、超負荷） 15. [時間超額](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Passion_and_memory)（疲倦、失去整天等） 16. [家庭作業](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homework) 17. [欺凌](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Bullying) 18. [自尊問題](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Tamara) 19. [他們不喜歡的人](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimal_socialization)（強制性社會團體，比如卑鄙的教師、運動員、受歡迎的女孩、教師的寵物等） 20. 規章制度（沒有手機、沒有衛生間、著裝要求、靜音按鈕、禁止舉手、不能打開窗戶等） 21. 缺乏[選擇](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Self-directed_learning)的自由（例如課程、科目、運動隊等） 22. [毫無意義的學習](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Learn_drive)（教師經常無法解釋為什么一個學科很重要） In the duel of the psychologists, Gray vs. Willingham, the list confirms they are both right. However, Gray's view is universal. While Willingham limits his considerations to the cognitive core, assuming tacitly school is unavoidable, Gray strikes the nail on the head. Kids hate schools for the sense of imprisonment. Little wonder then that Gray is upset with Willingham's book which speak of hating schools without touching the issue of freedom. 在心理學家 Gray 和 Willingham 的決斗中，這份清單證實他們都是對的。然而，Gray 的觀點是普遍的。雖然 Willingham 將他的注意力限制在認知核心，但是他心照不宣地假設學校是不可避免的，Gray 在頭上打了一針。孩子們討厭學校的監禁感。難怪 Grey 對 Willingham 的書感到不安，該書談到了討厭學校而沒有觸及自由問題。 Cognition science could remedy the hate of schooling to a degree and with serious difficulties. 認知科學可以在一定程度上糾正人們對學校教育的厭惡情緒，但卻存在著嚴重的困難。 Early waking can be tackled with [chrono therapy](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Chronotherapy). [Homework](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homework), boredom, and [stress](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Stress_resilience) can be solved by using the right cognitive approach \(esp. [self-directed learning](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Self-directed_learning)\). Long hours and regulations are a matter of good administration. As for bad people in the system, this is a pretty universal phenomenon. All social groups suffer from frictions. However, there are inherent [design flaws](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Education_counteracts_evolution) in the current educational system model. Only [homeschooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling), [democratic schooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school), or [unschooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Unschooling) make it possible to fully resolve all issues above, incl. the [problem of socialization](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimal_socialization). 早起可以通過[時間療法](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Chronotherapy)來解決。[家庭作業](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homework)，厭倦和[壓力](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Stress_resilience)可以通過使用正確的認知方法（尤其是[自我導向學習](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Self-directed_learning)）來解決。長時間和規則是一個良好的管理問題。至于系統中的壞人，這是一個非常普遍的現象。所有社會群體都遭受敵視。然而，當前的教育系統模型存在內在的[設計缺陷](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Education_counteracts_evolution)。只有[家庭教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling)，[民主學校教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school)或[非學校教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Unschooling)才能完全解決上述所有問題，包括[社會化問題](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimal_socialization)。 See also: [I wish I had dropped out](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/I_wish_I_had_dropped_out) 另見：[我希望我退學](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/I_wish_I_had_dropped_out)  School makes me wanna die 學校讓我想死 > **Figure:** An article at [Free Thought Project](http://thefreethoughtproject.com/google-results-school-makes-search-reveal-disturbing-problem-public-education/) revealed a Google autocomplete propositions for "_school makes me_" \(originally posted at [Homeschooling / Unschooling Facebook page](https://www.facebook.com/homeschoolingunschooling/photos/a.221837727864433.46751.181154285266111/1600940536620805/?type=3&theater)\). I know that kids hate school, but the list in the search box was still striking. The school makes kids feel, I quote literally: _depressed, suicidal, anxious, stupid, sick, tired, sad, and stressed_. The negative vibe of that list defies belief, so I repeated the search myself and found only minor differences: _wanna die, wanna cry, wanna cut, and wanna give up_. There wasn't a single positive proposition like _school makes me learn with pleasure_, _school makes me smart/educated_, or _school helps me meet nice people_, or so. In case you think that people google only for solutions to problems, you will notice that the same experiment for _jogging_ or _exercise_ will likely produce suggestions such as _jogging makes me happy_ or _exercise raises my endorphins_ > > **圖：**[自由思想項目](http://thefreethoughtproject.com/google-results-school-makes-search-reveal-disturbing-problem-public-education/)上的一篇文章展示了「_學校讓我_」的谷歌自動補全提示（最初發布在[家庭教育/非學校教育 Facebook 頁面](https://www.facebook.com/homeschoolingunschooling/photos/a.221837727864433.46751.181154285266111/1600940536620805/?type=3&theater)）。我知道孩子們討厭上學，但搜索框中的名單仍然引人注目。學校讓孩子們感受到，我引用字面意思：抑郁，自殺，焦慮，愚蠢，生病，疲倦，悲傷和壓力。該列表的負面氛圍違背了信念，所以我自己重復搜索，發現只有微小的差異：_想要死，想要哭，想要逃避，想要放棄_。沒有一個像學校讓我愉快地學習、學校讓我聰明/受過教育或學校幫助我認識好人，等等的積極主張。如果您認為人們谷歌只是為了解決問題，你會發現對_慢跑_或_運動_這些詞做相同的實驗可能會產生一些建議，如_慢跑讓我開心_或_運動提高我的內啡肽_ ### 20.4 Why kids like school? ### 為什么孩子喜歡上學？ For balance, let's consider why kids like school. Nearly all teens hate school, but some would say they like school conditionally. 公平起見，讓我們考慮為什么孩子喜歡上學。幾乎所有的青少年都討厭上學，但有些人會說他們有條件地喜歡上學。 For example "_I hate school, but I love to meet my friends there_". Or, "_I hate school, but I love physical education_". Or "_I love German, but I hate English_". 例如「_我討厭上學，但我喜歡在那里認識我的朋友_」。或者，「_我討厭上學，但我喜歡體育_」。或者「_我愛德語，但我討厭英語_」。 #### 20.4.1 Freddy #### Freddy I found just one case of a kid with a genuine liking for school. Freddy is 11 years old. He comes from a very well regulated family. There is no TV at home. Freddy and his siblings all started reading early. There was no distraction from YouTube or [videogames](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Videogames). There were regular bedtime stories with his mom and dad. 我發現只有一個孩子真正喜歡上學。Freddy 今年 11 歲。他來自一個受到良好監管的家庭。家里沒有電視。Freddy 和他的兄弟姐妹都早早開始讀書。YouTube 或[電子游戲](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Videogames)沒有分散注意力。他媽媽和爸爸在規律的睡覺時間給他講故事。 Freddy goes to sleep at 20:00. It is his mom who keeps a rigorous lights out regimen. Freddy wakes up naturally, usually around 6 am. This is pretty unique and this might be his first step towards success. His sisters call him a crammer, but they never see him doing homework. He claims to spend 30 min. per day on homework and brings most of knowledge from school. Sometimes he does his homework already at school during breaks. In his fourth year of English, he does not speak English much, but still stands out among kids of his age in his good comprehension. Freddy is one of the best students at school. He is also a great footballer and an incredible unflagging long-distance runner. In short, his formula for liking school seems to look like this: \(1\) sleep well, \(2\) come to school refreshed, \(3\) soak in knowledge, and \(4\) keep winning. Everyone likes to win. Unfortunately, in his class of 23 \(incl. 13 girls\), the leader is only one. Freddy 在 20:00 睡覺。是他的媽媽保持嚴格的熄燈方案。Freddy 自然醒來，通常在早上 6 點左右。這是非常獨特的，這可能是他邁向成功的第一步。他的姐妹稱他為傻瓜，但他們從未見過他做作業。他聲稱要花 30 分鐘。每天做作業，帶來學校的大部分知識。有時他在休息期間已經在學校完成了他的家庭作業。在他英語的第四年，他不會說英語，但在他很好的理解中仍然在他這個年齡的孩子中脫穎而出。Freddy 是學校里最好的學生之一。他也是一名很棒的足球運動員和一位令人難以置信的不懈的長跑運動員。簡而言之，他喜歡上學的條件看起來像這樣：（1）睡得好，（2）上學，（3）浸泡知識，（4）繼續獲勝。每個人都喜歡贏。不幸的是，在他班上的 23 人（包括 13 名女孩）中，領頭者只有一名。 In the chapter on [traps awaiting good students](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Dangers_of_being_a_Straight_A_student), I explain that liking for school or good grades are not always good. In the case of Freddy, I see some not-so-positive signs too: 在關于[等待優秀學生的陷阱](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Dangers_of_being_a_Straight_A_student)的章節中，我解釋說，喜歡上學或成績并不總是好的。就 Freddy 而言，我也看到了一些不那么積極的跡象： * when I asked him about his passions, he had to be prompted by his dad to "remember" * 當我向他詢問他的激情時，他的父親必須提醒他「記住」 * his English does not reflect his good grades * 他的英語不能反映他的好成績 * when I asked him what he plans to learn during summer vacation, he said _No plans. However, I will learn a lot during my summer camp_ * 當我問他暑假期間他打算學什么時，他說_沒有計劃。但是，在夏令營期間，我會學到很多東西_ * he confirmed that liking school does not necessarily mean liking to learn * 他確認喜歡上學并不一定意味著喜歡學習 * he hates losing. His competitive nature helps him at school * 他討厭失敗。他的競爭性能幫助他在學校 * he hates comparisons with other kids \(other than winning competitions\). During one of my "interrogations", he lost patience with me. I was too inquisitive * 他討厭與其他孩子比較（除了贏得比賽）。在我的一次「審訊」中，他對我失去了耐心。我太好奇了 #### 20.4.2 Arian #### Arian Arian is 16 years old. I have known her since she was in diapers. When she was 11, she was a smiling, happy, precocious, and cocky girl. I spoke to Arian about homeschooling. She insisted she would not like to be homeschooled because school is "_so marvellous_". She literally tried to argue with an old memory expert: "_You are wrong! I learn a lot from school_". However, things took a dramatic turn when Arian graduated from her 6-year primary school and moved to a middle school. There she encountered the problem of [bullying](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Bullying). Amazingly, part of that bullying came from good students who wanted to play better "game of school" \(the concept first criticized by Holt\). Bullying sparked truancy, problems with grades, and the escalation of bullying spiral. Bad grades, in turn, caused frictions at home. At the age of 14, on Oct 17, 2013, Arian ran from home! For full four days, her parents and five siblings lived in horror. Police suspected kidnapping. The equivalent of orange alert was raised and countrywide search was undertaken. In the meantime, I tried to be helpful and talk to her friends about possible problems at school. I came back to her parents with "good news": someone mentioned that she was fed up with school and the atmosphere at home and that she would be a likely runaway. She also cut her hair short on the day of disappearance. In parallel, that hypothesis was confirmed by police by tracking her phone activity, and locating her friend Nina who confirmed Arian was alive and well. She was also seen boarding a train. Within 24 hours, on Oct 21, 2013, Arian was detained in a remote city of Torun and returned home with apologies. Her father attributed 80% of the blame to the school \(incl. inattentive or passive teachers\). Arian put that number lower. Her mom enrolled her in a different school. Two years later, she was doing well at home, and ok at school. She participated in beta-testing of one of the SuperMemos showcasing her smarts and potential. However, she also joined her teen crowd in the hate of schooling. She had nothing good to say about her new school experience. I urged her to try for college, however, in 2016, she was sent to a reform school in Warsaw. Her future is unclear. She praises her reform school for the rigor and discipline that helps her organize her life, however, when I mentioned [democratic schools](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school), she instantly changed her mind: _I would love this kind of freedom!_. Arian 年齡16歲。因為她在尿布上，我認識她。當她11歲時，她是一個微笑，快樂，早熟，自大的女孩。我和 Arian 談到了家庭教育。她堅持說她不想在家上學，因為學校「太棒了」。她真的試圖與一位老記憶專家爭辯：「_你錯了！我從學校學到了很多東西_」。然而，當 Arian 從她的 6 年小學畢業并搬到一所中學時，事情發生了翻天覆地的變化。在那里，她遇到了[欺凌](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Bullying)的問題。令人驚訝的是，這種欺凌行為的一部分來自于想要發揮更好的「學校游戲」的好學生（這個概念首先受到 Holt 的批評）。欺凌引發了逃學現象，成績問題以及欺凌螺旋升級。反過來，糟糕的成績會導致家里的摩擦。在 2013 年 10 月 17 日 14 歲時，Arian 離家出走了！整整四天，她的父母和五個兄弟姐妹生活在恐怖之中。警方懷疑綁架。提出相當于橙色警報并進行全國范圍的搜索。與此同時，我試圖提供幫助，并與她的朋友討論學校可能出現的問題。我帶著「好消息」回到她的父母那里：有人提到她厭倦了學校和家里的氣氛，她很可能會失控。在失蹤之日，她也剪短了頭發。與此同時，警方通過追蹤她的電話活動證實了這一假設，并找到了她的朋友 Nina，他確認 Arian 過得很好。她還看到登上火車。在 2013 年 10 月 21 日的 24 小時內，Arian 被拘留在一個偏遠的托倫市，并道歉地回家。她的父親將 80％ 的責任歸咎于學校（包括疏忽或被動的教師）。Arian 把這個數字降低了。她的媽媽讓她進入了另一所學校。兩年后，她在家里做得很好，在學校也很好。她參與了其中一個 SuperMemos 的 beta 測試，展示了她的智慧和潛力。然而，她也加入了她的青少年人群，討厭上學。她對她的新學校經歷沒什么好說的。我敦促她嘗試上大學，然而，在 2016 年，她被送到華沙的一所改革學校。她的未來不明朗。她贊揚她的改革學校的嚴謹和紀律，幫助她組織生活，然而，當我提到[民主學校](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school)時，她立刻改變了主意：_我會喜歡這種自由！_。 > Personal anecdote. [Why use anecdotes?](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Why_use_anecdotes%3F) > > 個人軼事。[為什么要使用軼事？](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Why_use_anecdotes%3F) > > My own feelings about school > > 我對學校的感受 > > My feelings about school evolved from enthusiasm \(first grade\), to lack of interest, to dislike \(high school\), to high appreciation \(last year of college\), to harsh criticism \(today\). > > 我對學校的感受從熱情（一年級），到缺乏興趣，到不喜歡（高中），到高度欣賞（大學的日子），到嚴厲批評（今天）。 > > I suffer from a sort of "documentation OCD". From early childhood, I obsessively documented all experiences of my young life. In high school, I started writing diaries with precise notes, dates, facts and figures. I also embarked onto a comprehensive project: "_retrospective diary_" where I tried to document all my memories dating back to the first impressions of daycare. This exercise helped me understand how unreliable human memory is when it comes to picturing one's own childhood. All in all, my top of the head answer about my childhood feelings about schools would be "_I hated school_". However, this would be just a convenient recall in the context of this article. In a different context, I might say "_I liked schools_" or "_I loved learning_". When I dig into details, I can bring back hundreds of moments ranging from fear to elation or euphoria. For this project, I pulled out lots of dusty details from my past using my precise record of notes. However, when it comes to figuring out why kids hate school, I decided to rely on face-to-face interviews most of all. > > 我遭受了某種「記錄強迫癥」。從幼年時期起，我就癡迷地記錄了我年輕時的所有經歷。在高中時，我開始用精確的筆記，日期，事實和數字來寫日記。我還開始了一個綜合項目：「_追溯日記_」，我試圖記錄我追溯到幼兒園的第一印象的所有記憶。這個練習幫助我理解了在描繪自己童年時人類記憶的不可靠性。總而言之，我對學校童年情感的回答是「_我討厭學校_」。但是，在本文的上下文中，這只是一個方便的回憶。在不同的背景下，我可能會說「_我喜歡學校_」或「_我喜歡學習_」。當我深入細節時，我可以帶回數百個時刻，從恐懼到興高采烈或興奮。對于這個項目，我使用我精確的筆記記錄從過去中抽出了許多塵土飛揚的細節。然而，當談到為什么孩子討厭上學時，我決定最重要的是依靠面對面的采訪。 > > I keep few live emotions associated with schooling. Somehow, all the period of schooling seems largely neutral. However, the dislike of schooling comes back to life when I recall how I cheated my mom by touching a light bulb with a thermometer to convince her I got a fever. I recall that I loved being sick! I could stay at home in bed, read books, paint pictures, drink cocoa, etc. That was nirvana. I was not bothered by rhinitis. I loved rhinitis. I had a few cheating methods with the thermometer. I probably started from rubbing, but this took time and was painful. I advanced to touching the light bulb, but that was blown one day when I failed to shake off the mercury column and my fever went off the scale. I also recalled some severe bouts of sleepiness in class in high school. It was not long before I declared in all seriousness: "_I will not wake up early for school because a sleepy person is not a good member of society_". That might have been an onset of teen [DSPS](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/DSPS) that set me on the life-long boycott of alarm clocks and getting up early. I would rather miss the class and suffer the consequences > > 我幾乎沒有與學校教育相關的生活情感。不知何故，所有的學校教育時期似乎都很中立。然而，當我回想起我是如何通過用溫度計接觸一個燈泡來欺騙我的媽媽以說服她我發燒時，對學校教育的厭惡又恢復了生機。我記得我喜歡生病！我可以待在家里躺在床上，看書、畫畫、喝可可等等。這是必殺技。我沒有被鼻炎困擾。我喜歡鼻炎。我用溫度計做了一些作弊方法。我可能從摩擦開始，但這需要時間并且很痛苦。我發展到接觸燈泡，但有一天，當我沒有甩低汞柱且我的燒退了，這事吹了。我還回憶起高中時的一些嚴重的困倦。不久我才認真地宣布：「_我不會早起上學，因為一個困倦的人不是社會的好成員_」。這可能是青少年[睡眠相位后移癥候群](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/DSPS)的爆發，讓我終生抵制鬧鐘和早起。我寧愿錯過課程并承擔后果 ### 20.5 Summary: Why kids hate school ### 摘要：為什么孩子們討厭上學 * loss of freedom and excess work are a frequent reason for school hate * 失去自由和超額工作是學校令人討厭的常見原因 * lack of motivation and low [learn drive](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Learn_drive) make school an unpleasant experience for most kids * 缺乏動機和低[學習內驅力](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Learn_drive)使學校成為大多數孩子不愉快的經歷 * [early school start](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimizing_the_timing_of_brainwork) is one of the main reasons teens dislike school * [早起上學](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Optimizing_the_timing_of_brainwork)是青少年不喜歡上學的主要原因之一 * [homeschooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling), [unschooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Unschooling) and [democratic schooling](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school) resolve nearly all causes of school hate * [家庭教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Homeschooling)，[非學校教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Unschooling)和[民主學校教育](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Democratic_school)解決了幾乎所有學校仇恨的原因 * most often mentioned reasons for liking school are: friends, physical education, good grades, and very rarely, actual progress in learning * 最常提到喜歡上學的原因有：朋友、體育、成績好，而很少提到學習的實際進展 * [catching a cold](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Daycare_infections) was a joyous moment in my young life: I did not have to go to school! * [感冒時](https://supermemo.guru/wiki/Daycare_infections)是我年輕時的歡樂時光：我不用去上學！