# 從點開始以螺旋形式打印矩陣 > 原文： [https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-matrix-spiral-form-starting-point/](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-matrix-spiral-form-starting-point/) 給定大小為 n * m 的矩陣和點 P（c，r）。 從點 P 開始以螺旋形式（順時針）打印矩陣。 **示例**： ``` Input : mat[][] = {{1 2 3}, {4 5 6}, {7 8 9}} Point P = (0, 2) Output : 3 6 5 2 9 8 7 4 1 The starting point is top left which is 3. ``` 這個問題主要是[以螺旋形式](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-a-given-matrix-in-spiral-form/)打印矩陣的擴展。 ## C++ ```cpp // C++ program to print a matrix in spiral // form. #include <iostream> using namespace std; const int MAX = 100; void printSpiral(int mat[][MAX], int r, int c) { ????int i, a = 0, b = 2; ????int low_row = (0 > a) ? 0 : a; ????int low_column = (0 > b) ? 0 : b - 1; ????int high_row = ((a + 1) >= r) ? r - 1 : a + 1; ????int high_column = ((b + 1) >= c) ? c - 1 : b + 1; ????while ((low_row > 0 - r && low_column > 0 - c)) { ????????for (i = low_column + 1; i <= high_column &&? ?????????????????????????i < c && low_row >= 0; ++i) ????????????cout << mat[low_row][i] << " "; ????????low_row -= 1; ????????for (i = low_row + 2; i <= high_row && i < r &&? ???????????????????????????????????high_column < c; ++i) ????????????cout << mat[i][high_column] << " "; ????????high_column += 1; ????????for (i = high_column - 2; i >= low_column && ???????????????????????????????i >= 0 && high_row < r; --i) ????????????cout << mat[high_row][i] << " "; ????????high_row += 1; ????????for (i = high_row - 2; i > low_row && i >= 0? ???????????????????????????????????&& low_column >= 0; --i) ????????????cout << mat[i][low_column] << " "; ????????low_column -= 1; ????} ????cout << endl; } // Driver code int main() { ????int mat[][MAX] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } }; ????int r = 3, c = 3; ????printSpiral(mat, r, c); } ``` ## Java ```java // Java program to print a // matrix in spiral form import java.io.*; class GFG { static void printSpiral(int [][]mat, int r, int c) { ????int i, a = 0, b = 2; ????int low_row = (0 > a) ? 0 : a; ????int low_column = (0 > b) ? 0 : b - 1; ????int high_row = ((a + 1) >= r) ? r - 1 : a + 1; ????int high_column = ((b + 1) >= c) ? c - 1 : b + 1; ????while ((low_row > 0 - r && low_column > 0 - c))? ????{ ????????for (i = low_column + 1; i <= high_column &&? ?????????????????????????i < c && low_row >= 0; ++i) ????????????System.out.print (mat[low_row][i] + " "); ????????low_row -= 1; ????????for (i = low_row + 2; i <= high_row && i < r &&? ??????????????????????????????????high_column < c; ++i) ????????????System.out.print(mat[i][high_column] + " "); ????????high_column += 1; ????????for (i = high_column - 2; i >= low_column && ????????????????????????i >= 0 && high_row < r; --i) ????????????System.out.print(mat[high_row][i] + " "); ????????high_row += 1; ????????for (i = high_row - 2; i > low_row && i >= 0 ????????????????????????????&& low_column >= 0; --i) ????????????System.out.print(mat[i][low_column] +" "); ????????low_column -= 1; ????} ????System.out.println(); } // Driver code ????static public void main (String[] args) ????{ ????????int [][]mat = {{1, 2, 3}, ???????????????????????{4, 5, 6},? ???????????????????????{7, 8, 9}}; ????????int r = 3, c = 3; ????????// Function calling ????????printSpiral(mat, r, c); ????} } // This code is contributed by vt_m. ``` ## Python 3 ``` # Python3 program to print a matrix? # in spiral form. MAX = 100 def printSpiral(mat, r, c): ????a = 0 ????b = 2 ????low_row = 0 if (0 > a) else a ????low_column = 0 if (0 > b) else b - 1 ????high_row = r-1 if ((a + 1) >= r) else a + 1 ????high_column = c-1 if ((b + 1) >= c) else b + 1 ????while ((low_row > 0 - r and low_column > 0 - c)): ????????i = low_column + 1 ????????while (i <= high_column and? ???????????????i < c and low_row >= 0): ????????????print( mat[low_row][i], end = " ") ????????????i += 1 ????????low_row -= 1 ????????i = low_row + 2 ????????while (i <= high_row and ???????????????i < r and high_column < c): ????????????print(mat[i][high_column], end = " ") ????????????i += 1 ????????high_column += 1 ????????i = high_column - 2 ????????while (i >= low_column and? ???????????????i >= 0 and high_row < r): ????????????print(mat[high_row][i], end = " ") ????????????i -= 1 ????????high_row += 1 ????????i = high_row - 2 ????????while (i > low_row and? ???????????????i >= 0 and low_column >= 0): ????????????print(mat[i][low_column], end = " ") ????????????i -= 1 ????????low_column -= 1 ????print() # Driver code if __name__ == "__main__": ????mat = [[ 1, 2, 3 ],? ???????????[ 4, 5, 6 ],? ???????????[ 7, 8, 9 ]] ????r = 3 ????c = 3 ????printSpiral(mat, r, c) # This code is contributed by ita_c ``` ## C# ```cs // C# program to print a? // matrix in spiral form using System; class GFG { static void printSpiral(int [,]mat, int r, int c) { ????int i, a = 0, b = 2; ????int low_row = (0 > a) ? 0 : a; ????int low_column = (0 > b) ? 0 : b - 1; ????int high_row = ((a + 1) >= r) ? r - 1 : a + 1; ????int high_column = ((b + 1) >= c) ? c - 1 : b + 1; ????while ((low_row > 0 - r && low_column > 0 - c)) ????{ ????????for (i = low_column + 1; i <= high_column &&? ?????????????????????????i < c && low_row >= 0; ++i) ????????????Console.Write (mat[low_row,i] + " "); ????????low_row -= 1; ????????for (i = low_row + 2; i <= high_row && i < r &&? ??????????????????????????????????high_column < c; ++i) ????????????Console.Write(mat[i,high_column] + " "); ????????high_column += 1; ????????for (i = high_column - 2; i >= low_column && ????????????????????????i >= 0 && high_row < r; --i) ????????????Console.Write(mat[high_row,i] + " "); ????????high_row += 1; ????????for (i = high_row - 2; i > low_row && i >= 0? ????????????????????????????&& low_column >= 0; --i) ????????????Console.Write(mat[i,low_column] +" "); ????????low_column -= 1; ????} ????Console.WriteLine(); } ????// Driver code ????static public void Main () ????{ ????????int [,]mat = {{1, 2, 3}, ??????????????????????{4, 5, 6},? ??????????????????????{7, 8, 9}}; ????????int r = 3, c = 3; ????????// Function calling ????????printSpiral(mat, r, c); ????} } // This code is contributed by vt_m. ``` ## PHP ```php <?php // PHP program to print a? // matrix in spiral form. $MAX = 100; function printSpiral($mat,? ?????????????????????$r, $c) { ????global $MAX; ????$i; $a = 0; $b = 2; ????$low_row = (0 > $a) ?? ????????????????0 : $a; ????$low_column = (0 > $b) ?? ???????????????????0 : $b - 1; ????$high_row = (($a + 1) >= $r) ?? ??????????????????$r - 1 : $a + 1; ????$high_column = (($b + 1) >= $c) ?? ?????????????????????$c - 1 : $b + 1; ????while (($low_row > 0 - $r &&? ????????????$low_column > 0 - $c)) ????{ ????????for ($i = $low_column + 1;? ?????????????$i <= $high_column &&? ?????????????$i < $c && $low_row >= 0; ++$i) ????????????echo $mat[$low_row][$i], " "; ????????$low_row -= 1; ????????for ($i = $low_row + 2;? ?????????????$i <= $high_row && $i < $r &&? ?????????????$high_column < $c; ++$i) ????????echo $mat[$i][$high_column] , " "; ????????$high_column += 1; ????????for ($i = $high_column - 2;? ?????????????$i >= $low_column && ?????????????$i >= 0 && $high_row < $r; --$i) ????????????echo $mat[$high_row][$i] , " "; ????????$high_row += 1; ????????for ($i = $high_row - 2;? ?????????????$i > $low_row && $i >= 0 &&? ?????????????$low_column >= 0; --$i) ????????????echo $mat[$i][$low_column] , " "; ????????$low_column -= 1; ????} ????echo "\n"; } // Driver code $mat = array(array(1, 2, 3), ?????????????array(4, 5, 6), ?????????????array(7, 8, 9)); $r = 3; $c = 3; printSpiral($mat, $r, $c); // This code is contributed by aj_36 ?> ``` **輸出**： ``` 3 6 5 2 9 8 7 4 1 ```