# Geo configuration
> 原文:[https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/geo/replication/configuration.html](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/geo/replication/configuration.html)
* [Configuring a new **secondary** node](#configuring-a-new-secondary-node)
* [Step 1\. Manually replicate secret GitLab values](#step-1-manually-replicate-secret-gitlab-values)
* [Step 2\. Manually replicate the **primary** node’s SSH host keys](#step-2-manually-replicate-the-primary-nodes-ssh-host-keys)
* [Step 3\. Add the **secondary** node](#step-3-add-the-secondary-node)
* [Step 4\. Enabling Hashed Storage](#step-4-enabling-hashed-storage)
* [Step 5\. (Optional) Configuring the **secondary** node to trust the **primary** node](#step-5-optional-configuring-the-secondary-node-to-trust-the-primary-node)
* [Step 6\. Enable Git access over HTTP/HTTPS](#step-6-enable-git-access-over-httphttps)
* [Step 7\. Verify proper functioning of the **secondary** node](#step-7-verify-proper-functioning-of-the-secondary-node)
* [Selective synchronization](#selective-synchronization)
* [Git operations on unreplicated repositories](#git-operations-on-unreplicated-repositories)
* [Upgrading Geo](#upgrading-geo)
* [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
# Geo configuration[](#geo-configuration-premium-only "Permalink")
## Configuring a new **secondary** node[](#configuring-a-new-secondary-node "Permalink")
**注意:**這是設置**輔助**地理節點的最后一步. 設置過程的各個階段必須按記錄的順序完成. 在嘗試此階段中的步驟之前,請[完成所有之前的階段](index.html#using-omnibus-gitlab) .
配置**輔助**節點的基本步驟是:
* 在**主**節點和**輔助**節點之間復制所需的配置.
* 在每個**輔助**節點上配置跟蹤數據庫.
* 在每個**輔助**節點上啟動 GitLab.
我們鼓勵您先閱讀所有步驟,然后再在測試/生產環境中執行這些步驟.
**注意:** **不要**為**輔助**節點設置任何自定義身份驗證. 這將由**主**節點處理. 任何需要訪問" **管理區域"的**更改都必須在**主**節點中完成,因為**輔助**節點是只讀副本.
### Step 1\. Manually replicate secret GitLab values[](#step-1-manually-replicate-secret-gitlab-values "Permalink")
GitLab 在`/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json`文件中存儲了許多秘密值,這些秘密值在所有節點上都*必須*相同. 除非有一種方法可以在節點之間自動復制它們(請參閱[問題#3789](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/3789) ),否則必須將它們手動復制到**輔助**節點.
1. SSH 進入**主**節點,并執行以下命令:
```
sudo cat /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json
```
這將以 JSON 格式顯示需要復制的機密.
2. SSH 進入**輔助**節點并以`root`用戶身份登錄:
```
sudo -i
```
3. 備份所有現有機密:
```
mv /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json.`date +%F`
```
4. 將`/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json`從**主**節點復制到**輔助**節點,或在節點之間復制并粘貼文件內容:
```
sudo editor /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json
# paste the output of the `cat` command you ran on the primary
# save and exit
```
5. 確保文件權限正確:
```
chown root:root /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json
chmod 0600 /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json
```
6. 重新配置**輔助**節點以使更改生效:
```
gitlab-ctl reconfigure
gitlab-ctl restart
```
### Step 2\. Manually replicate the **primary** node’s SSH host keys[](#step-2-manually-replicate-the-primary-nodes-ssh-host-keys "Permalink")
GitLab 與系統安裝的 SSH 守護程序集成,指定一個用戶(通常名為`git` )來處理所有訪問請求.
在[災難恢復](../disaster_recovery/index.html)情況下,GitLab 系統管理員會將**輔助**節點升級為**主要**節點. **主**域的 DNS 記錄也應更新為指向新的**主**節點(以前是**輔助**節點). 這樣做可以避免更新 Git 遙控器和 API URL 的麻煩.
由于 SSH 主機密鑰不匹配,這將導致對新提升的**主**節點的所有 SSH 請求失敗. 為防止這種情況,必須將主 SSH 主機密鑰手動復制到**輔助**節點.
1. SSH 進入**輔助**節點并以`root`用戶身份登錄:
```
sudo -i
```
2. 備份所有現有的 SSH 主機密鑰:
```
find /etc/ssh -iname ssh_host_* -exec cp {} {}.backup.`date +%F` \;
```
3. 從**主**節點復制 OpenSSH 主機密鑰:
如果可以使用**root**用戶訪問**主**節點:
```
# Run this from the secondary node, change `<primary_node_fqdn>` for the IP or FQDN of the server
scp root@<primary_node_fqdn>:/etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key* /etc/ssh
```
如果您只能通過具有`sudo`特權的用戶訪問:
```
# Run this from your primary node:
sudo tar --transform 's/.*\///g' -zcvf ~/geo-host-key.tar.gz /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key*
# Run this from your secondary node:
scp <user_with_sudo>@<primary_node_fqdn>:geo-host-key.tar.gz .
tar zxvf ~/geo-host-key.tar.gz -C /etc/ssh
```
4. 在**輔助**節點上,確保文件權限正確:
```
chown root:root /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key*
chmod 0600 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key*
```
5. 要驗證密鑰指紋是否匹配,請在兩個節點上執行以下命令:
```
for file in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key; do ssh-keygen -lf $file; done
```
您應該獲得與此輸出類似的輸出,并且兩個節點上的輸出應該相同:
```
1024 SHA256:FEZX2jQa2bcsd/fn/uxBzxhKdx4Imc4raXrHwsbtP0M root@serverhostname (DSA)
256 SHA256:uw98R35Uf+fYEQ/UnJD9Br4NXUFPv7JAUln5uHlgSeY root@serverhostname (ECDSA)
256 SHA256:sqOUWcraZQKd89y/QQv/iynPTOGQxcOTIXU/LsoPmnM root@serverhostname (ED25519)
2048 SHA256:qwa+rgir2Oy86QI+PZi/QVR+MSmrdrpsuH7YyKknC+s root@serverhostname (RSA)
```
6. 驗證您對現有的私鑰具有正確的公鑰:
```
# This will print the fingerprint for private keys:
for file in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key; do ssh-keygen -lf $file; done
# This will print the fingerprint for public keys:
for file in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key.pub; do ssh-keygen -lf $file; done
```
**注意:**私鑰和公鑰命令的輸出應生成相同的指紋.
7. 在**輔助**節點上重新啟動`sshd` :
```
# Debian or Ubuntu installations
sudo service ssh reload
# CentOS installations
sudo service sshd reload
```
### Step 3\. Add the **secondary** node[](#step-3-add-the-secondary-node "Permalink")
1. SSH 到您的 GitLab **輔助**服務器并以 root 用戶身份登錄:
```
sudo -i
```
2. 編輯`/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`并為您的節點添加一個**唯一的**名稱. 在接下來的步驟中,您將需要此:
```
# The unique identifier for the Geo node.
gitlab_rails['geo_node_name'] = '<node_name_here>'
```
3. 重新配置**輔助**節點以使更改生效:
```
gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
4. 訪問**主**節點的 **管理區>** 瀏覽器中的**地理位置** ( `/admin/geo/nodes` ).
5. 單擊**新建節點**按鈕. [](img/adding_a_secondary_node.png)
6. 填寫**姓名**與`gitlab_rails['geo_node_name']`在`/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` . 這些值必須始終*完全*匹配,一個字符一個字符.
7. 在`/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` `external_url`填寫**URL** . 這些值必須始終匹配,但是一個以`/`結尾而另一個不以`/`無關緊要.
8. **不要**選中" **這是主節點"**復選框.
9. (可選)選擇**輔助**節點應復制的組或存儲分片. 保留空白以復制所有內容. 閱讀更多有關[選擇性同步的信息](#selective-synchronization) .
10. 單擊**添加節點**按鈕以添加**輔助**節點.
11. SSH 到您的 GitLab **輔助**服務器并重新啟動服務:
```
gitlab-ctl restart
```
通過運行以下命令,檢查您的地理設置是否存在任何常見問題:
```
gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check
```
12. SSH 到您的**主**服務器中,并以 root 用戶身份登錄以驗證**輔助**節點是否可以訪問或您的地理設置存在任何常見問題:
```
gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check
```
一旦添加到管理面板并重新啟動, **輔助**節點將在稱為**backfill**的過程中自動開始從**主**節點復制丟失的數據. 同時, **主**節點將開始將每個更改通知每個**輔助**節點,以便**輔助**節點可以立即對那些通知進行操作.
確保**輔助**節點正在運行并且可訪問. 您可以使用與**主**節點相同的憑據登錄到**輔助**節點.
### Step 4\. Enabling Hashed Storage[](#step-4-enabling-hashed-storage "Permalink")
使用哈希存儲可顯著改善地理復制. 項目和組重命名不再需要節點之間的同步.
1. 訪問**主**節點的 **管理區>** 瀏覽器中的**設置>存儲庫** ( `/admin/application_settings/repository` ).
2. 在" **存儲庫存儲"**部分中,選中" **對新創建和重命名的項目使用哈希存儲路徑"** .
### Step 5\. (Optional) Configuring the **secondary** node to trust the **primary** node[](#step-5-optional-configuring-the-secondary-node-to-trust-the-primary-node "Permalink")
如果您的**主**節點使用 CA 頒發的 HTTPS 證書,則可以安全地跳過此步驟.
如果**主**節點正在使用自簽名證書以獲得*HTTPS*支持,則需要將該證書添加到**輔助**節點的信任存儲中. 從**主**節點上檢索證書,然后在**輔助**節點上遵循[這些說明](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html) .
### Step 6\. Enable Git access over HTTP/HTTPS[](#step-6-enable-git-access-over-httphttps "Permalink")
Geo 通過 HTTP / HTTPS 同步存儲庫,因此需要啟用此克隆方法. 導航 **管理區>** 在**主**節點上進行**設置** ( `/admin/application_settings/general` ),并將`Enabled Git access protocols`設置為`Both SSH and HTTP(S)`或`Only HTTP(S)` .
### Step 7\. Verify proper functioning of the **secondary** node[](#step-7-verify-proper-functioning-of-the-secondary-node "Permalink")
現在已配置**輔助**節點!
您可以使用與**主**節點相同的憑據登錄到**輔助**節點. 訪問**輔助**節點的 **管理區>** 瀏覽器中的**Geo** ( `/admin/geo/nodes` ),以檢查是否正確地將其標識為**輔助** Geo 節點,以及是否啟用了 Geo.
初始復制或"回填"可能仍在進行中. 您可以從瀏覽器中**主**節點的" **地理節點"**儀表板監視每個地理節點上的同步過程.
[](img/geo_node_dashboard.png)
如果您的安裝無法正常工作,請查看[故障排除文檔](troubleshooting.html) .
儀表板中最明顯的兩個最明顯的問題是:
1. 數據庫復制無法正常工作.
2. 實例間實例通知不起作用. 在這種情況下,可能是以下情況:
* 您正在使用自定義證書或自定義 CA(請參閱[故障排除文檔](troubleshooting.html) ).
* 該實例已進行防火墻保護(請檢查您的防火墻規則).
請注意,禁用**輔助**節點將停止同步過程.
請注意,如果在**主**節點上為多個存儲庫分片定制了`git_data_dirs`則必須在每個**輔助**節點上復制相同的配置.
將您的用戶指向["使用地理服務器"指南](using_a_geo_server.html) .
當前,這是同步的:
* Git 存儲庫.
* Wikis.
* LFS 對象.
* 問題,合并請求,摘要和評論附件.
* 用戶,組和項目化身.
## Selective synchronization[](#selective-synchronization "Permalink")
Geo 支持選擇性同步,這使管理員可以選擇**輔助**節點應同步哪些項目. 可以按組或按存儲碎片選擇項目的子集. 前者是復制屬于用戶子集的數據的理想選擇,而后者更適合將 Geo 逐步推廣到大型 GitLab 實例.
重要的是要注意選擇性同步:
1. 不限制來自**輔助**節點的權限.
2. 不從**輔助**節點隱藏項目元數據.
* 由于 Geo 當前依賴于 PostgreSQL 復制,因此所有項目元數據都將復制到**輔助**節點,但是尚未選擇的存儲庫將為空.
3. 不減少為地理事件日志生成的事件數.
* 只要存在任何**輔助**節點, **主**節點都會生成事件. 選擇性同步限制是在**輔助**節點而非**主**節點上實現的.
### Git operations on unreplicated repositories[](#git-operations-on-unreplicated-repositories "Permalink")
在 HTTP(S)的 GitLab 12.10 和 SSH 的 GitLab 13.0 中[引入](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/2562) .
存在于**主**節點上但不存在于**輔助**節點上的存儲庫支持通過 HTTP(S)和 SSH 進行 Git 克隆,拉入和推送操作. 在以下情況下可能會發生這種情況:
* 選擇性同步不包括附加到存儲庫的項目.
* 存儲庫正在積極地復制,但尚未完成.
## Upgrading Geo[](#upgrading-geo "Permalink")
請參閱[更新地理節點文檔](updating_the_geo_nodes.html) .
## Troubleshooting[](#troubleshooting "Permalink")
請參閱[故障排除文檔](troubleshooting.html) .
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