# Updating GitLab
> 原文:[https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/update/README.html](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/update/README.html)
* [Omnibus Packages](#omnibus-packages)
* [Installation from source](#installation-from-source)
* [Installation using Docker](#installation-using-docker)
* [Upgrading without downtime](#upgrading-without-downtime)
* [Examples](#examples)
* [Steps](#steps)
* [Checking for background migrations before upgrading](#checking-for-background-migrations-before-upgrading)
* [What do I do if my background migrations are stuck?](#what-do-i-do-if-my-background-migrations-are-stuck)
* [Upgrading to a new major version](#upgrading-to-a-new-major-version)
* [Upgrading between editions](#upgrading-between-editions)
* [Community to Enterprise Edition](#community-to-enterprise-edition)
* [Enterprise to Community Edition](#enterprise-to-community-edition)
* [Version specific upgrading instructions](#version-specific-upgrading-instructions)
* [13.2.0](#1320)
* [13.1.0](#1310)
* [12.2.0](#1220)
* [12.0.0](#1200)
* [Miscellaneous](#miscellaneous)
# Updating GitLab[](#updating-gitlab "Permalink")
根據安裝方法和您的 GitLab 版本,有多個更新指南.
當前有 3 種官方方法來安裝 GitLab:
* [Omnibus packages](#omnibus-packages)
* [Source installation](#installation-from-source)
* [Docker installation](#installation-using-docker)
根據您的安裝,在下面選擇適合您需要的部分.
## Omnibus Packages[](#omnibus-packages "Permalink")
* [Omnibus 更新指南](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/README.html)包含更新 Omnibus GitLab 軟件包所需的步驟.
## Installation from source[](#installation-from-source "Permalink")
* [從源代碼升級社區版和企業版-從源代碼升級社區版和企業版](upgrading_from_source.html)的指南.
* [修補程序版本](patch_versions.html)指南包括修補程序版本(如 6.2.0 至 6.2.1)所需的步驟,并且適用于社區版和企業版.
過去,我們使用單獨的文檔來進行升級說明,但是此后我們切換為使用單個文檔. 仍然可以在 Git 存儲庫中找到舊的升級準則:
* [Old upgrading guidelines for Community Edition](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/tree/11-8-stable/doc/update)
* [Old upgrading guidelines for Enterprise Edition](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/tree/11-8-stable-ee/doc/update)
## Installation using Docker[](#installation-using-docker "Permalink")
GitLab 提供了針對社區和企業版的官方 Docker 映像. 它們基于 Omnibus 軟件包,有關如何更新它們的說明在[單獨的文檔中](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/docker/README.html) .
## Upgrading without downtime[](#upgrading-without-downtime "Permalink")
從 GitLab 9.1.0 開始,可以升級到較新的主要,次要或補丁版本的 GitLab,而無需使 GitLab 實例脫機. 但是,要使其正常工作,必須滿足以下要求:
* 您一次只能升級 1 個次要版本. 所以從 9.1 到 9.2,而不是 9.3.
* 您必須使用[部署后遷移](../development/post_deployment_migrations.html) (包含在下面的零停機時間更新步驟中).
* 您正在使用 PostgreSQL. 從 GitLab 12.1 開始,不支持 MySQL.
* 多節點 GitLab 實例. 隨著服務重啟,單節點實例可能會經歷短暫的中斷.
大多數情況下,如果該修補程序版本不是最新的,則可以從該修補程序版本安全地升級到下一個次要版本. 例如,即使已發布 9.1.2,從 9.1.1 升級到 9.2.0 也應該是安全的. 我們建議您檢查當前版本和目標版本之間的所有發行版本,以防它們包含可能需要一次升級 1 個發行版本的任何遷移.
一些版本可能還包含所謂的"后臺遷移". 這些遷移是由 Sidekiq 在后臺執行的,通常用于遷移數據. 僅在每月發行版中添加后臺遷移.
某些主要/次要版本可能需要完成一組后臺遷移. 為了保證這一點,此版本將在繼續升級過程之前處理所有剩余的作業. 雖然這不需要停機(如果滿足上述條件),但我們建議用戶在升級主要/次要版本之間至少保留 1 周,以完成后臺遷移. 通過增加可以處理`background_migration`隊列中的作業的 Sidekiq 工作者的數量,可以減少完成這些遷移所需的時間. 要查看此隊列的大小, [請在升級之前檢查后臺遷移](#checking-for-background-migrations-before-upgrading) .
根據經驗,任何小于 10 GB 的數據庫都不會花費太多時間進行升級. 每個次要版本最多可能需要一個小時. 但是,較大的數據庫可能需要更多時間,但這在很大程度上取決于數據庫的大小和正在執行的遷移.
### Examples[](#examples "Permalink")
為了幫助解釋這一點,讓我們看一些示例.
**示例 1:**您正在使用版本 9.4.2(這是 9.4 的最新修補程序版本)運行大型的 GitLab 安裝. 如果滿足上述要求,則在發布 GitLab 9.5.0 時,可以安全地將此安裝升級到 9.5.0,而無需停機. 您也可以跳過 9.5.0 并在其發布后升級到 9.5.1,但是**不能**直接升級到 9.6.0\. 您*必須*先升級到 9.5.x 版本.
**范例 2:** You are running a large GitLab installation using version 9.4.2, which is the latest patch release of 9.4\. GitLab 9.5 includes some background migrations, and 10.0 will require these to be completed (processing any remaining jobs for you). Skipping 9.5 is not possible without downtime, and due to the background migrations would require potentially hours of downtime depending on how long it takes for the background migrations to complete. To work around this you will have to upgrade to 9.5.x first, then wait at least a week before upgrading to 10.0.
**示例 3:**您將 MySQL 用作 GitLab 的數據庫. 對新的主要/次要版本的任何升級都將需要停機. 如果發行版包含任何后臺遷移,則可能會導致數小時的停機時間,具體取決于數據庫的大小. 要解決此問題,您將必須使用 PostgreSQL 并滿足上述其他在線升級要求.
### Steps[](#steps "Permalink")
[無需停機](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/README.html)即可進行[升級的](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/README.html)步驟.
## Checking for background migrations before upgrading[](#checking-for-background-migrations-before-upgrading "Permalink")
某些主要/次要版本可能需要完成一組后臺遷移. 可以通過運行以下命令找到剩余的遷移作業數:
**對于所有安裝**
如果使用的是 GitLab 12.9 及更高版本,請運行:
```
sudo gitlab-rails runner -e production 'puts Gitlab::BackgroundMigration.remaining'
```
如果使用的是 GitLab 12.8 及更早版本,請使用[Rails 控制臺](../administration/troubleshooting/debug.html#starting-a-rails-console-session)運行以下命令:
```
puts Sidekiq::Queue.new("background_migration").size
Sidekiq::ScheduledSet.new.select { |r| r.klass == 'BackgroundMigrationWorker' }.size
```
* * *
**對于源安裝**
如果使用的是 GitLab 12.9 及更高版本,請運行:
```
cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rails runner -e production 'puts Gitlab::BackgroundMigration.remaining'
```
如果使用的是 GitLab 12.8 及更早版本,請使用[Rails 控制臺](../administration/troubleshooting/debug.html#starting-a-rails-console-session)運行以下命令:
```
puts Sidekiq::Queue.new("background_migration").size
Sidekiq::ScheduledSet.new.select { |r| r.klass == 'BackgroundMigrationWorker' }.size
```
### What do I do if my background migrations are stuck?[](#what-do-i-do-if-my-background-migrations-are-stuck "Permalink")
**警告:**以下操作可能會破壞您的 GitLab 性能.**注意:**重新執行這些命令是安全的,尤其是當您有 1000 個以上的掛起作業可能會溢出運行時內存時.
**對于所有安裝**
```
# Start the rails console
sudo gitlab-rails c
# Execute the following in the rails console
scheduled_queue = Sidekiq::ScheduledSet.new
pending_job_classes = scheduled_queue.select { |job| job["class"] == "BackgroundMigrationWorker" }.map { |job| job["args"].first }.uniq
pending_job_classes.each { |job_class| Gitlab::BackgroundMigration.steal(job_class) }
```
**對于源安裝**
```
# Start the rails console
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rails RAILS_ENV=production
# Execute the following in the rails console
scheduled_queue = Sidekiq::ScheduledSet.new
pending_job_classes = scheduled_queue.select { |job| job["class"] == "BackgroundMigrationWorker" }.map { |job| job["args"].first }.uniq
pending_job_classes.each { |job_class| Gitlab::BackgroundMigration.steal(job_class) }
```
## Upgrading to a new major version[](#upgrading-to-a-new-major-version "Permalink")
主要版本保留用于向后不兼容的更改. 我們建議您首先升級到主要版本中的最新可用次要版本. 請按照[升級建議](../policy/maintenance.html#upgrade-recommendations)確定支持的升級路徑.
升級到新的主要版本之前,您應確保已完成以前版本的所有后臺遷移作業. 要查看`background_migration`隊列的當前大小, [請在升級之前檢查后臺遷移](#checking-for-background-migrations-before-upgrading) .
## Upgrading between editions[](#upgrading-between-editions "Permalink")
GitLab 有兩個版本: [社區版](https://about.gitlab.com/features/#community)是 MIT 許可,以及[企業版](https://about.gitlab.com/features/#enterprise) ,其基于社區版的頂部,包括額外的功能,主要是針對機構擁有超過 100 個用戶.
您可以在下面找到一些指南,以幫助您輕松更改版本.
### Community to Enterprise Edition[](#community-to-enterprise-edition "Permalink")
> **注意:**以下指南僅適用于企業版的訂戶.
如果您希望將 GitLab 安裝從 Community 升級到 Enterprise Edition,請根據安裝方法遵循以下指南:
* [從 CE 到 EE 的源更新指南](upgrading_from_ce_to_ee.html) -步驟與版本升級非常相似:停止服務器,獲取代碼,更新新功能的配置文件,安裝庫并進行遷移,更新初始化腳本,啟動應用程序并檢查其功能狀態.
* [Omnibus CE to EE-](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/README.html)按照本指南將您的 Omnibus GitLab 社區版更新為企業版.
### Enterprise to Community Edition[](#enterprise-to-community-edition "Permalink")
如果您需要將 Enterprise Edition 安裝降級回 Community Edition,則可以按照[本指南](../downgrade_ee_to_ce/README.html)進行操作,以使過程盡可能的順利.
## Version specific upgrading instructions[](#version-specific-upgrading-instructions "Permalink")
### 13.2.0[](#1320 "Permalink")
由于 Rails 的重大更改可能會導致授權問題,因此具有多個 Web 節點的 GitLab 安裝將需要先[升級到 13.1,](#1310)然后再升級到 13.2(及更高版本).
### 13.1.0[](#1310 "Permalink")
在 13.1.0 中,您必須升級到以下任一版本:
* 至少是 Git v2.24(以前,最低要求是 Git v2.22).
* 推薦的 Git v2.26.
否則,由于使用新的`--end-of-options` Git 標志,某些 RPC 中的 Gitaly 服務將導致內部錯誤.
此外,在 GitLab 13.1.0 中, [Rails](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/33454)的版本[從 6.0.3 升級到 6.0.3.1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/33454) . Rails 升級包括對 CSRF 令牌生成的更改,此更改不向后兼容-具有新 Rails 版本的 GitLab 服務器將生成 CSRF 令牌,而具有較舊 Rails 版本的 GitLab 服務器無法識別-這可能導致非 GET 請求失敗用于[多節點 GitLab 安裝](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/) .
因此,如果您正在使用多個 Rails 服務器,并專門從 13.0 升級,則必須先將所有服務器升級到 13.1.0,然后再升級到更高版本:
1. 確保所有 GitLab Web 節點都在 GitLab 13.1.0 上.
2. (可選)啟用`global_csrf_token`功能標記以啟用 CSRF 令牌生成的新方法:
```
Feature.enable(:global_csrf_token)
```
3. 只有這樣,才能繼續升級到更高版本的 GitLab.
### 12.2.0[](#1220 "Permalink")
在 12.2.0 中,我們啟用了 Rails 的身份驗證 cookie 加密. 舊會話將自動升級.
但是,不支持會話 cookie 降級. 因此,升級到 12.2.0 后,任何降級都將導致所有會話無效,并且用戶將注銷.
### 12.0.0[](#1200 "Permalink")
在 12.0.0 中,我們進行了各種與數據庫相關的更改. 這些更改要求用戶首先升級到最新的 11.11 修補程序版本. 升級到 11.11.x 之后,用戶可以升級到 12.0.x. 否則可能導致未應用數據庫遷移,這可能導致應用程序錯誤.
還需要先升級到 12.0.x,然后再升級到 12.x 的更高版本.
示例 1:您當前正在使用 GitLab 11.11.8,它是 11.11.x 的最新補丁程序版本. 您可以照常升級到 12.0.x.
示例 2:您當前使用的是 GitLab 10.x 版本. 要升級,請先升級到最新的 10.x 版本(10.8.7),然后再升級到最新的 11.x 版本(11.11.8). 升級到 11.11.8 后,您可以安全地升級到 12.0.x.
有關更多信息,請參見我們的[升級路徑文檔](../policy/maintenance.html#upgrade-recommendations) .
## Miscellaneous[](#miscellaneous "Permalink")
* [MySQL 到 PostgreSQL](mysql_to_postgresql.html)指導您完成從 MySQL 到 PostgreSQL 的數據庫遷移.
* [Restoring from backup after a failed upgrade](restore_after_failure.html)
* [使用 Slony 升級 PostgreSQL](upgrading_postgresql_using_slony.html) ,以最少的停機時間升級 PostgreSQL 數據庫.
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