# Developing with feature flags
> 原文:[https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/feature_flags/development.html](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/feature_flags/development.html)
* [Feature groups](#feature-groups)
* [Frontend](#frontend)
* [Specs](#specs)
* [`stub_feature_flags: true` (default and preferred)](#stub_feature_flags-true-default-and-preferred)
* [`stub_feature_flags: false`](#stub_feature_flags-false)
* [Enabling a feature flag (in development)](#enabling-a-feature-flag-in-development)
# Developing with feature flags[](#developing-with-feature-flags "Permalink")
通常,最好有一個基于組或基于用戶的門,并且您應該比使用百分比門更好. 這將使調試更加容易,因為您也可以根據參與者過濾示例日志和錯誤. 此外,這允許首先啟用`gitlab-org`或`gitlab-com`組,而其余用戶則`gitlab-com` .
```
# Good
Feature.enabled?(:feature_flag, project)
# Avoid, if possible
Feature.enabled?(:feature_flag)
```
要使用基于角色的特征門,模型需要響應`flipper_id` . 例如,要啟用 Foo 模型:
```
class Foo < ActiveRecord::Base
include FeatureGate
end
```
只有`include FeatureGate`或公開的`flipper_id`方法的模型才能用作`Feature.enabled?` `flipper_id` `Feature.enabled?` .
已開發并打算在功能標記后合并的功能不應包含變更日志條目. 該條目應添加到刪除功能部件標記的合并請求中,或在功能部件標記的默認值設置為 true 的合并請求中添加. 如果功能包含任何數據庫遷移,則該功能應包括數據庫更改的更改日志條目.
如果您需要功能標記自動打開,請在檢查以下內容時使用`default_enabled: true` :
```
Feature.enabled?(:feature_flag, project, default_enabled: true)
```
[`Project#feature_available?`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/4cc1c62918aa4c31750cb21dfb1a6c3492d71080/app/models/project_feature.rb#L63-68) , [`Namespace#feature_available?`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/4cc1c62918aa4c31750cb21dfb1a6c3492d71080/ee/app/models/ee/namespace.rb#L71-85) (EE)和[`License.feature_available?`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/4cc1c62918aa4c31750cb21dfb1a6c3492d71080/ee/app/models/license.rb#L293-300) (EE)方法都隱式檢查默認情況下啟用的功能標志,該標志與提供的參數同名.
例如,如果某個功能是許可門控的,則無需添加其他顯式功能標志檢查,因為該標志將作為`License.feature_available?`一部分進行檢查`License.feature_available?` 呼叫. 同樣,功能達到通用狀態后,也無需"清理"功能標志.
您是否仍想使用顯式`Feature.enabled?` 檢查您的新功能是否不受許可或計劃的限制.
**上面提到的隱式功能標志的一個重要副作用是,除非功能被明確禁用或限制為一定比例的用戶,否則功能標志檢查將默認為`true` .**
當使用[幾個較小的合并請求](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/values/#make-small-merge-requests)開發功能時,或者當該功能被視為[alpha 或 beta 時](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/#alpha-beta-ga) ,這是相關的,并且默認情況下不可用.
例如,如果要交付功能的前端一半而沒有后端,則希望完全禁用該功能,直到也可以交付后端一半. 要確保 GitLab.com 和自我管理實例均禁用此功能,應使用[`Namespace#alpha_feature_available?`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/458749872f4a8f27abe8add930dbb958044cb926/ee/app/models/ee/namespace.rb#L113) 或[`Namespace#beta_feature_available?`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/458749872f4a8f27abe8add930dbb958044cb926/ee/app/models/ee/namespace.rb#L100-112) 方法,根據我們的[定義](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/#alpha-beta-ga) . 這樣可以確保禁用功能,除非*明確*啟用了功能標志.
## Feature groups[](#feature-groups "Permalink")
從 GitLab 9.4 開始,我們通過[Flipper 組](https://github.com/jnunemaker/flipper/blob/v0.10.2/docs/Gates.md#2-group)支持功能[組](https://github.com/jnunemaker/flipper/blob/v0.10.2/docs/Gates.md#2-group) .
功能組必須在`lib/feature.rb` (在`.register_feature_groups`方法中)靜態定義,但是它們的實現顯然可以是動態的(查詢數據庫等).
在`lib/feature.rb`定義后,您將能夠通過[features API](../../api/features.html#set-or-create-a-feature)的[`feature_group`參數](../../api/features.html#set-or-create-a-feature)激活給定功能組[的功能](../../api/features.html#set-or-create-a-feature)
### Frontend[](#frontend "Permalink")
對于前端代碼,可以使用方法`push_frontend_feature_flag` ,該方法適用于所有從`ApplicationController`繼承的控制器. 使用此方法,可以按如下所示公開功能部件標志的狀態:
```
before_action do
# Prefer to scope it per project or user e.g.
push_frontend_feature_flag(:vim_bindings, project)
# Avoid, if possible
push_frontend_feature_flag(:vim_bindings)
end
def index
# ...
end
def edit
# ...
end
```
然后,您可以按照以下步驟檢查 JavaScript 中功能部件標志的狀態:
```
if ( gon.features.vimBindings ) {
// ...
}
```
JavaScript 中的功能標志的名稱將始終為 camelCased,這意味著檢查`gon.features.vim_bindings`將不起作用.
有關如何訪問 Vue 組件中的功能標志的詳細信息,請參見[Vue 指南](../fe_guide/vue.html#accessing-feature-flags) .
### Specs[](#specs "Permalink")
我們在測試環境中的 Flipper 引擎以`Flipper::Adapters::Memory`的內存模式工作. `production`和`development`模式使用`Flipper::Adapters::ActiveRecord` .
### `stub_feature_flags: true` (default and preferred)[](#stub_feature_flags-true-default-and-preferred "Permalink")
在此模式下,將 Flipper 配置為使用`Flipper::Adapters::Memory`并將所有功能標志標記為默認狀態,并在首次使用時保持不變. 這將覆蓋`Feature.enabled?`的`default_enabled:` `Feature.enabled?` 和`Feature.disabled?` 除非功能標記持續存在,否則始終返回`true` .
Make sure behavior under feature flag doesn’t go untested in some non-specific contexts.
有關如何在測試中添加功能標志的信息和示例,請參見[測試指南](../testing_guide/best_practices.html#feature-flags-in-tests) .
### `stub_feature_flags: false`[](#stub_feature_flags-false "Permalink")
這將禁用存儲在內存中的鰭狀肢,并使用`Flipper::Adapters::ActiveRecord`一種`production`和`development`所使用的模式.
僅當您確實想測試 Flipper 的各個方面及其與`ActiveRecord`交互方式時,才應使用此模式.
### Enabling a feature flag (in development)[](#enabling-a-feature-flag-in-development "Permalink")
在 rails 控制臺( `rails c` )中,輸入以下命令以啟用功能部件標志
```
Feature.enable(:feature_flag_name)
```
同樣,以下命令將禁用功能部件標志:
```
Feature.disable(:feature_flag_name)
```
您也可以為給定的門啟用功能標志:
```
Feature.enable(:feature_flag_name, Project.find_by_full_path("root/my-project"))
```
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