10H 高級 WebDriver – 發送帶有附件的電子郵件 · JavaBeginnersTutorial 中文系列教程

# 10H 高級 WebDriver – 發送帶有附件的電子郵件 > 原文： [https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/selenium/10h-advanced-webdriver-sending-email-with-attachments/](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/selenium/10h-advanced-webdriver-sending-email-with-attachments/) 嗨冠軍！現在我們已經有了 [PDF 格式](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/selenium/10e-advanced-webdriver-generating-pdf-report/)的 JUnit 報告，讓我們將其附加到電子郵件中并發送給各個項目利益相關者。因此，今天我們主要將僅使用 Java。大家都來一杯咖啡（Java）！我們將研究兩個類。 1. `SendMail.java` – 此類包含用于發送電子郵件的所有代碼。 2. `InvokeMail.java` – 通過提供從地址到地址，主題行和一些文本來調用`SendMail.java`。 ## 代碼 #### `SendMail.java` ```java package com.blog.utility; import java.util.Properties; import javax.activation.DataHandler; import javax.activation.DataSource; import javax.activation.FileDataSource; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; /* * This class has the main code for sending mail */ public class SendMail { public static void send(String from, String tos[], String subject, String text) throws MessagingException { // Get the session object Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com"); props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465"); props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory"); props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.port", "465"); Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() { protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { return new PasswordAuthentication( "[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)", "pass1234");// change accordingly } }); // compose message try { MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));// change accordingly for (String to : tos) { message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); } /* * for (String cc : ccs) * message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.CC,new * InternetAddress(cc)); */ message.setSubject(subject); // Option 1: To send normal text message // message.setText(text); // Option 2: Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like // message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1></br></hr>" + // text, "text/html"); // Set the attachment path String filename = "E:\\Selenium\\junit.pdf"; BodyPart objMessageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); // Option 3: Send text along with attachment objMessageBodyPart.setContent( "<h1>Mail from Selenium Project!</h1></br>" + text, "text/html"); Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(objMessageBodyPart); objMessageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); objMessageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); objMessageBodyPart.setFileName(filename); multipart.addBodyPart(objMessageBodyPart); message.setContent(multipart); // send message Transport.send(message); System.out.println("message sent successfully"); } catch (MessagingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } }// End of SEND method } ``` #### `InvokeMail.java` ```java package com.blog.junitTests; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import com.blog.utility.SendMail; /* * Invokes SendMail.java */ public class InvokeMail { public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException { //String to[] = {"[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)","[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)"}; String to[] = {"[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)"}; SendMail.send("[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)", to, "JUnit Report", "Check the PDF attachment."); } } ``` ## 解釋直接看一下代碼會使我們感到難以接受。讓我們一次了解一個摘要。與往常一樣，我們的第一步是下載幾個 JAR。 1. `activation.jar` 2. `javax.mail-1.6.1.jar` 我還將它們都放在了我們的 [**GitHub 倉庫**](https://github.com/JBTAdmin/Selenium/tree/master/AdvancedWebDriver/Sending%20Email)中，以及作為本文一部分處理的所有其他代碼文件中。將這些 JAR 添加到我們的項目構建路徑中。我們之前已經多次看到此程序，因此我不再重復（有關詳細說明，請參閱此[文章](https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/selenium/9b-webdriver-eclipse-setup/)的步驟 3）。 ### 了解`SendMail.java`， 1.編寫所有代碼的方法，以便我們可以從任何類輕松地調用它。 ```java public static void send(String from, String tos[], String subject, String text) throws MessagingException {} ``` 2.給定的屬性僅適用于 Gmail。如果您根據項目要求使用 Outlook 或任何其他服務，則應相應地進行更改。 ```java Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com"); props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465"); props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory"); props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.port", "465"); ``` 3.獲取會話對象并傳遞您的電子郵件帳戶的憑據（您在地址中提到的憑據）。 ```java Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() { protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { return new PasswordAuthentication("[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)","pass1234");// change accordingly } }); ``` 4.現在是有趣的部分。我們將指定“發件人”和“收件人”地址。 ```java message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); for (String to : tos) { message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); } ``` 如果您只想將此電子郵件發送給一個人，請更改以下代碼， ```java message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); ``` 如果您希望將其發送給抄送給某些人的用戶，請按以下所示更改代碼， ```java message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.CC,new InternetAddress(cc)); ``` 5.將主題行設置為`message.setSubject(subject);` 6.要發送， * 普通短信`message.setText(text);` * 實際的 HTML 消息盡可能多`message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1></br></hr>" + text, "text/html");` * 文本和附件（這就是我們想要的）， ```java // Set the attachment path String filename = "E:\\Selenium\\junit.pdf"; BodyPart objMessageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); objMessageBodyPart.setContent("<h1>Mail from Selenium Project!</h1></br>" + text, "text/html"); Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(objMessageBodyPart); objMessageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); objMessageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); objMessageBodyPart.setFileName(filename); multipart.addBodyPart(objMessageBodyPart); message.setContent(multipart); ``` 7.用簡單的一行發送電子郵件， ```java Transport.send(message); ``` ### 了解`InvokeMail.java`，此類很容易理解，因為我們只是通過提供所有必需的參數從`SendMail.java`調用“`send`”方法。 ```java String to[] = {"[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)"}; SendMail.send("[[email?protected]](/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection)", to, "JUnit Report", "Check the PDF attachment."); ``` 在“運行方式-> Java 應用”下，Eclipse IDE 控制臺的輸出如下所示， ![Email eclipse console output](https://img.kancloud.cn/29/44/2944535cf71e26326fc229bff43736c9_499x131.png) 該電子郵件將在收件人的收件箱中接收。 ![Email received in Inbox](https://img.kancloud.cn/05/f6/05f63823d46b93374075213d43df6607_1282x298.png) 顯示生成的帶有附件的電子郵件，以供您參考。 ![Generated email](https://img.kancloud.cn/77/a5/77a5c0c7d93b6c383067361a3abe8105_917x525.png) **注意：** *當心！您可能碰到“`javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException`”。發生此異常的主要原因是 Google 提供的安全性和保護功能。一種簡單的解決方法是，通過單擊鏈接 [https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps](https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps) 來打開“允許安全程度較低的應用”的訪問以進行測試。* 試試看，讓我知道在拍攝電子郵件時是否遇到任何問題。實驗愉快！祝你今天愉快！