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                # 2.6.4 DrawerLayout(官方側滑菜單)的簡單使用 ## 本節引言: > 本節給大家帶來基礎UI控件部分的最后一個控件:**DrawerLayout**,官方給我們提供的一個側滑菜單 控件,和上一節的ViewPager一樣,3.0以后引入,低版本使用它,需要v4兼容包,說到側滑,相信 很多人都用過github上的SlidingMenu,不過好像有兩個版本,一個是單獨的,另一個需要依賴另一 個開源項目:ActionBarSherlock;既然Google為我們提供了這個控件,為何不用咧,而且在 Material Design設計規范中,隨處可見的很多側滑菜單的動畫效果,大都可以通過Toolbar + DrawerLayout來實現~,本節我們就來探究下這個DrawerLayout的一個基本用法~還有人喜歡把他 稱為抽屜控件~官方文檔:[DrawerLayout](http://androiddoc.qiniudn.com/reference/android/support/v4/widget/DrawerLayout.html) ## 1.使用的注意事項 > * **1**.主內容視圖一定要是DrawerLayout的第一個子視圖 > * **2**.主內容視圖寬度和高度需要match_parent > * **3**.必須顯示指定側滑視圖的android:**layout_gravity屬性** android:layout_gravity = "start"時,從左向右滑出菜單 android:layout_gravity = "end"時,從右向左滑出菜單 不推薦使用left和right!!! > * 側滑視圖的寬度以dp為單位,不建議超過**320dp**(為了總能看到一些主內容視圖) > * 設置側滑事件:mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(DrawerLayout.DrawerListener); > * 要說一點:可以結合Actionbar使用當用戶點擊Actionbar上的應用圖標,彈出側滑菜單! 這里就要通過**ActionBarDrawerToggle**,它是DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的具體實現類, 我們可以重寫ActionBarDrawerToggle的onDrawerOpened()和onDrawerClosed()以監聽抽屜拉出 或隱藏事件!但是這里我們不講,因為5.0后我們使用的是Toolbar!有興趣的可以自行查閱相關 文檔! ## 2.使用代碼示例 ### 示例1:單個側滑菜單的實現 **運行效果圖**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/1320603.jpg) **實現關鍵代碼**: 首先是我們的主布局,注意:最外層要是DrawerLayout哦!!!! **activity_main.xml**: ``` <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/drawer_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/ly_content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <ListView android:id="@+id/list_left_drawer" android:layout_width="180dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="start" android:background="#080808" android:choiceMode="singleChoice" android:divider="#FFFFFF" android:dividerHeight="1dp" /> </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout> ``` 接著ListView的布局代碼和domain類:Item比較簡單,就不給出了,直接上中間Fragment的 布局以及代碼吧!另外Adapter直接復用我們之前寫的那個可復用的MyAdapter! **fg_content.xml**: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:textSize="25sp" /> </RelativeLayout> ``` **ContentFragment.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/8 0008. */ public class ContentFragment extends Fragment { private TextView tv_content; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false); tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content); String text = getArguments().getString("text"); tv_content.setText(text); return view; } } ``` 最后是我們的Activity類 **MainActivity.java**: ``` public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private ListView list_left_drawer; private ArrayList<Item> menuLists; private MyAdapter<Item> myAdapter = null; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout); list_left_drawer = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_left_drawer); menuLists = new ArrayList<Item>(); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_realtime,"實時信息")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_alert,"提醒通知")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_trace,"活動路線")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_settings,"相關設置")); myAdapter = new MyAdapter<Item>(menuLists,R.layout.item_list) { @Override public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, Item obj) { holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_icon,obj.getIconId()); holder.setText(R.id.txt_content, obj.getIconName()); } }; list_left_drawer.setAdapter(myAdapter); list_left_drawer.setOnItemClickListener(this); } @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { ContentFragment contentFragment = new ContentFragment(); Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putString("text", menuLists.get(position).getIconName()); contentFragment.setArguments(args); FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager(); fm.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.ly_content,contentFragment).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(list_left_drawer); } } ``` 代碼很簡單,就不多說了~ ### 示例2.左右兩個側滑菜單的實現 > 嗯,不知道你有沒有發現,從上面的DrawerLayout的布局,我們大概可以猜到,DrawerLayout 最多由三個部分組成,中間的內容部分,左邊的側滑菜單部分,右邊的側滑菜單部分組成! 下面我們來寫一個帶有兩個側滑菜單的示例! **運行效果圖**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/81185966.jpg) **代碼實現**: 首先我們創建兩個Fragment以及對應的布局,他們分別是左右側滑菜單! **左邊Fragment**: 布局:**fg_left.xml**,這里就用了一個圖片而以,點擊后彈出一個新的Activity; 當然你可以根據自己的需求進行擴展! ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/img_bg" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@mipmap/bg_menu_left"/> </LinearLayout> ``` 對應的**LeftFragment.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/9 0009. */ public class LeftFragment extends Fragment{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_left, container, false); ImageView img_bg = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img_bg); img_bg.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { getActivity().startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(),OtherActivity.class)); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.START); } }); return view; } //暴露給Activity,用于傳入DrawerLayout,因為點擊后想關掉DrawerLayout public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){ this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout; } } ``` **右面的Fragment**: 布局就三個按鈕,點擊后替換中間部分的Fragment,布局**fg_right.xml**代碼如下: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#2F9AF2" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_one" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜單項一" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_two" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜單項二" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_three" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜單項三" /> </LinearLayout> ``` 然后對應的是**RightFragment.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/9 0009. */ public class RightFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private FragmentManager fManager; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_right, container, false); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_one).setOnClickListener(this); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_two).setOnClickListener(this); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_three).setOnClickListener(this); fManager = getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager(); return view; } @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()){ case R.id.btn_one: ContentFragment cFragment1 = new ContentFragment("1.點擊了右側菜單項一",R.color.blue); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment1).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; case R.id.btn_two: ContentFragment cFragment2 = new ContentFragment("2.點擊了右側菜單項二",R.color.red); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment2).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; case R.id.btn_three: ContentFragment cFragment3 = new ContentFragment("3.點擊了右側菜單項三",R.color.yellow); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment3).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; } } public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){ this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout; } } ``` 另外還有一個中間部分填充的ContentFragment,布局:**fg_content.xml**如下: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:textSize="25sp" /> </RelativeLayout> ``` **ContentFragment.java**: ``` public class ContentFragment extends Fragment { private TextView tv_content; private String strContent; private int bgColor; public ContentFragment(String strContent,int bgColor) { this.strContent = strContent; this.bgColor = bgColor; } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false); view.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(bgColor)); tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content); tv_content.setText(strContent); return view; } } ``` 編寫好以后,就到我們的Activity的布局了以及Activity的代碼了: 在此之前我們還需要些一個頂部條形欄的布局: **view_topbar.xml**: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#DCDEDB"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_right" android:layout_width="40dp" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor"/> </RelativeLayout> ``` 然后是**activity_main.xml**: ``` <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/drawer_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <include android:id="@+id/topbar" layout="@layout/view_topbar" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="48dp" /> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/fly_content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </LinearLayout> <fragment android:id="@+id/fg_left_menu" android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.LeftFragment" android:layout_width="300dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="start" android:tag="LEFT" tools:layout="@layout/fg_left" /> <fragment android:id="@+id/fg_right_menu" android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.RightFragment" android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="end" android:tag="RIGHT" tools:layout="@layout/fg_right" /> </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout> ``` 最后是**MainActivity.java**: ``` public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private FrameLayout fly_content; private View topbar; private Button btn_right; private RightFragment fg_right_menu; private LeftFragment fg_left_menu; private FragmentManager fManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); fManager = getSupportFragmentManager(); fg_right_menu = (RightFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_right_menu); fg_left_menu = (LeftFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_left_menu); initViews(); } private void initViews() { drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout); fly_content = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fly_content); topbar = findViewById(R.id.topbar); btn_right = (Button) topbar.findViewById(R.id.btn_right); btn_right.setOnClickListener(this); //設置右面的側滑菜單只能通過編程來打開 drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); drawer_layout.setDrawerListener(new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener() { @Override public void onDrawerSlide(View view, float v) { } @Override public void onDrawerOpened(View view) { } @Override public void onDrawerClosed(View view) { drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode( DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); } @Override public void onDrawerStateChanged(int i) { } }); fg_right_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout); fg_left_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT); drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED, Gravity.END); //解除鎖定 } } ``` 好的,至此就大功告成了~,呼呼,下面說下看代碼時可能會有的疑惑: > * **1**. drawer_layout.**openDrawer**(Gravity.END); > 這句是設置打開的哪個菜單START代表左邊,END代表右邊 > * **2**. drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,Gravity.END); 鎖定右面的側滑菜單,不能通過手勢關閉或者打開,只能通過代碼打開!即調用openDrawer方法! 接著 drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,Gravity.END); 解除鎖定狀態,即可以通過手勢關閉側滑菜單 最后在drawer關閉的時候調用: drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); 再次鎖定右邊的側滑菜單! > * **3**. 布局代碼中的Tag屬性的作用? 答:這里沒用到,在重寫DrawerListener的onDrawerSlide方法時,我們可以通過他的第一個 參數drawerView,調用drawerView.getTag().equals("START")判斷觸發菜單事件的是哪個 菜單!然后可以進行對應的操作! ## 3.代碼示例下載 [DrawerLayoutDemo.zip](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/DrawerLayoutDemo.zip) [DrawerLayoutDemo2.zip](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/DrawerLayoutDemo2.zip) ## 本節小結: > 好的,本節給大家介紹了官方的側滑控件DrawerLayout的基本用法,使用起來非常的方便! 當然這里僅僅是簡單的使用演示,另外看到弘揚大神寫過一篇: [Android DrawerLayout 高仿QQ5.2雙向側滑菜單](http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/41531475) 有興趣可以看看,如果看完本節的內容,相信你看起來不會怎么吃力~好的! > > 本節就到這里,跟UI控件這一章說拜拜了~下一章我們開始繪圖與動畫了, 為我們進階部分的自定義控件系列打基礎!![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/92539020.jpg)
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