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                # 8.3.2 繪圖類實戰示例 ## 本節引言: > 前兩節我們學了Bitmap和一些基本的繪圖API的屬性以及常用的方法,但心里總覺得有點 不踏實,總得寫點什么加深下映像是吧,嗯,本節我們就來寫兩個簡單的例子: > > * 1.簡單畫圖板的實現 > * 2.幫美女擦衣服的簡單實現 > > 嘿嘿,第二個例子是小豬剛學安卓寫的一個小Demo~嘿嘿~ 開始本節內容~ ## 1.實戰示例1:簡單畫圖板的實現: > 這個相信大家都不陌生,很多手機都會自帶一個給用戶涂鴉的畫圖板,這里我們就來寫個簡單的 例子,首先我們分析下,實現這個東東的一些邏輯: > > **Q1:這個畫板放在哪里?** > > 答:View里,我們自定義一個View,在onDraw()里完成繪制,另外View還有個onTouchEvent的方法, 我們可以在獲取用戶的手勢操作! > > **Q2.需要準備些什么?** > > 答:一只畫筆(Paint),一塊畫布(Canvas),一個路徑(Path)記錄用戶繪制路線; 另外劃線的時候,每次都是從上次拖動時間的發生點到本次拖動時間的發生點!那么之前繪制的 就會丟失,為了保存之前繪制的內容,我們可以引入所謂的"**雙緩沖**"技術: 其實就是每次不是直接繪制到Canvas上,而是先繪制到Bitmap上,等Bitmap上的繪制完了, 再一次性地繪制到View上而已! > > **Q3.具體的實現流程?** > > 答:初始化畫筆,設置顏色等等一些參數;在View的onMeasure()方法中創建一個View大小的Bitmap, 同時創建一個Canvas;onTouchEvent中獲得X,Y坐標,做繪制連線,最后invalidate()重繪,即調用 onDraw方法將bitmap的東東畫到Canvas上! 好了,邏輯知道了,下面就上代碼了: **MyView.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/15 0015. */ public class MyView extends View{ private Paint mPaint; //繪制線條的Path private Path mPath; //記錄用戶繪制的Path private Canvas mCanvas; //內存中創建的Canvas private Bitmap mBitmap; //緩存繪制的內容 private int mLastX; private int mLastY; public MyView(Context context) { super(context); init(); } public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); init(); } private void init(){ mPath = new Path(); mPaint = new Paint(); //初始化畫筆 mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN); mPaint.setAntiAlias(true); mPaint.setDither(true); mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND); //結合處為圓角 mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); // 設置轉彎處為圓角 mPaint.setStrokeWidth(20); // 設置畫筆寬度 } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); int width = getMeasuredWidth(); int height = getMeasuredHeight(); // 初始化bitmap,Canvas mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); mCanvas = new Canvas(mBitmap); } //重寫該方法,在這里繪圖 @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { drawPath(); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, null); } //繪制線條 private void drawPath(){ mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { int action = event.getAction(); int x = (int) event.getX(); int y = (int) event.getY(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: mLastX = x; mLastY = y; mPath.moveTo(mLastX, mLastY); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: int dx = Math.abs(x - mLastX); int dy = Math.abs(y - mLastY); if (dx > 3 || dy > 3) mPath.lineTo(x, y); mLastX = x; mLastY = y; break; } invalidate(); return true; } } ``` **運行效果圖**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/55635114.jpg) 你可以根據自己的需求進行擴展,比如加上修改畫筆大小,修改畫筆顏色,保存自己畫的圖等! 發散思維,自己動手~ ## 2.實戰示例2:擦掉美女衣服的實現 > 核心思路是: 利用幀布局,前后兩個ImageView,前面的顯示未擦掉衣服的情況,后面的顯示擦掉衣服后的情況! > > 為兩個ImageView設置美女圖片后,接著為前面的ImageView設置OnTouchListener!在這里對手指 觸碰點附近的20*20個像素點,設置為透明! **運行效果圖**: ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/2.gif) **代碼實現**: **Step 1**:第一個選妹子的Activity相關的編寫,首先是界面,一個ImageView,Button和Gallery! **activity_main.xml**: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/img_choose" android:layout_width="320dp" android:layout_height="320dp" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_choose" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="脫光她!" /> <Gallery android:id="@+id/gay_choose" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="25dp" android:spacing="1pt" android:unselectedAlpha="0.6" /> </LinearLayout> ``` 接著是我們Gallery的Adapter類,這里我們重寫下BaseAdapter,而里面就顯示一個圖片比較簡單, 就不另外寫一個布局了! **MeiziAdapter.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/16 0016. */ public class MeiziAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ private Context mContext; private int[] mData; public MeiziAdapter() { } public MeiziAdapter(Context mContext,int[] mData) { this.mContext = mContext; this.mData = mData; } @Override public int getCount() { return mData.length; } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return mData[position]; } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView imgMezi = new ImageView(mContext); imgMezi.setImageResource(mData[position]); //創建一個ImageView imgMezi.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY); //設置imgView的縮放類型 imgMezi.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(250, 250)); //為imgView設置布局參數 TypedArray typedArray = mContext.obtainStyledAttributes(R.styleable.Gallery); imgMezi.setBackgroundResource(typedArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.Gallery_android_galleryItemBackground, 0)); return imgMezi; } } ``` 最后到我們的Activity,也很簡單,無非是為gallery設置onSelected事件,點擊按鈕后把,當前選中的 Position傳遞給下一個頁面! **MainActivity.java**: ``` public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener, View.OnClickListener { private Context mContext; private ImageView img_choose; private Button btn_choose; private Gallery gay_choose; private int index = 0; private MeiziAdapter mAdapter = null; private int[] imageIds = new int[] { R.mipmap.pre1, R.mipmap.pre2, R.mipmap.pre3, R.mipmap.pre4, R.mipmap.pre5, R.mipmap.pre6, R.mipmap.pre7, R.mipmap.pre8, R.mipmap.pre9, R.mipmap.pre10, R.mipmap.pre11, R.mipmap.pre12, R.mipmap.pre13, R.mipmap.pre14, R.mipmap.pre15, R.mipmap.pre16, R.mipmap.pre17, R.mipmap.pre18, R.mipmap.pre19, R.mipmap.pre20, R.mipmap.pre21 }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mContext = MainActivity.this; bindViews(); } private void bindViews() { img_choose = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_choose); btn_choose = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_choose); gay_choose = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gay_choose); mAdapter = new MeiziAdapter(mContext, imageIds); gay_choose.setAdapter(mAdapter); gay_choose.setOnItemSelectedListener(this); btn_choose.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { img_choose.setImageResource(imageIds[position]); index = position; } @Override public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) { } @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent it = new Intent(mContext,CaClothes.class); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putCharSequence("num", Integer.toString(index)); it.putExtras(bundle); startActivity(it); } } ``` 接著是我們擦掉妹子衣服的頁面了,布局比較簡單,FrameLayout + 前后兩個ImageView: **activity_caclothes.xml**: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/img_after" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/img_before" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </FrameLayout> ``` 接著到就到Java部分的代碼了: **CaClothes.java**: ``` /** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/16 0016. */ public class CaClothes extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnTouchListener { private ImageView img_after; private ImageView img_before; private Bitmap alterBitmap; private Canvas canvas; private Paint paint; private Bitmap after; private Bitmap before; private int position; int[] imageIds1 = new int[] { R.mipmap.pre1, R.mipmap.pre2, R.mipmap.pre3, R.mipmap.pre4, R.mipmap.pre5, R.mipmap.pre6, R.mipmap.pre7, R.mipmap.pre8, R.mipmap.pre9, R.mipmap.pre10, R.mipmap.pre11, R.mipmap.pre12, R.mipmap.pre13, R.mipmap.pre14, R.mipmap.pre15, R.mipmap.pre16, R.mipmap.pre17, R.mipmap.pre18, R.mipmap.pre19, R.mipmap.pre20, R.mipmap.pre21 }; int[] imageIds2 = new int[] { R.mipmap.after1, R.mipmap.after2, R.mipmap.after3, R.mipmap.after4, R.mipmap.after5, R.mipmap.after6, R.mipmap.after7, R.mipmap.after8, R.mipmap.after9, R.mipmap.after10, R.mipmap.after11, R.mipmap.after12, R.mipmap.after13, R.mipmap.after14, R.mipmap.after15, R.mipmap.after16, R.mipmap.after17, R.mipmap.after18, R.mipmap.after19, R.mipmap.after20, R.mipmap.after21 }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_caclothes); Bundle bd = getIntent().getExtras(); position = Integer.parseInt(bd.getString("num")); bindViews(); } private void bindViews() { img_after = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_after); img_before = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_before); BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options(); opts.inSampleSize = 1; after = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imageIds2[position], opts); before = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imageIds1[position], opts); //定義出來的是只讀圖片 alterBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(before.getWidth(), before.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444); canvas = new Canvas(alterBitmap); paint = new Paint(); paint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); paint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND); paint.setStrokeWidth(5); paint.setColor(Color.BLACK); paint.setAntiAlias(true); canvas.drawBitmap(before, new Matrix(), paint); img_after.setImageBitmap(after); img_before.setImageBitmap(before); img_before.setOnTouchListener(this); } @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { switch (event.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: int newX = (int) event.getX(); int newY = (int) event.getY(); //setPixel方法是將某一個像素點設置成一個顏色,而這里我們把他設置成透明 //另外通過嵌套for循環將手指觸摸區域的20*20個像素點設置為透明 for (int i = -20; i < 20; i++) { for (int j = -20; j < 20; j++) { if (i + newX >= 0 && j + newY >= 0 && i + newX < before.getWidth() && j + newY < before.getHeight()) alterBitmap.setPixel(i + newX, j + newY, Color.TRANSPARENT); } } img_before.setImageBitmap(alterBitmap); break; } return true; } } ``` 代碼也不算苦澀難懂,還是比較簡單的哈,嗯,效果圖看看就好,別做那么多右手螺旋定則哈.... ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/30359706.jpg) ## 3.代碼示例下載: [DrawDemo1.zip](http://static.runoob.com/download/DrawDemo1.zip) 項目比較大,20多M,圖片資源比較多,你懂的~ ## 本節小結: > ![](http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/88695912.jpg)好的,本節寫了關于繪圖的兩個小例子,還是蠻有趣的,相信你發下了,擦美女衣服那里, 消除的時候是方塊的,不那么完美是吧,沒事,下節我們學多個PorterDuff這個東西,我們 再來寫多個例子,相比起這個代碼就簡單很多了,另外,時間關系,代碼并沒有去優化 或者整理,可以根據自己需求進行修改~好的,就說這么多,祝大家周末愉快~
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