# Paul Buchheit > `[00:00:03]` Very very excited to introduce our next speaker Paul Buchheit is a one of my partners at Y Combinator. `[00:00:03]` 非常興奮地介紹我們的下一位發言者 Paul Buchheit 是我在 Y Combinator 的合伙人之一。 > He also was one of the very early employees at Google. 他也是谷歌早期雇員之一。 > Where he\'s known as the inventor of Gmail and the creator of the don\'t be evil motto. 在那里，他被稱為 Gmail 的發明者，也是“不要成為邪惡箴言”的創建者。 > Also started a startup shortly after leaving Google called FriendFeed which was acquired by Facebook. 在離開谷歌后不久，還創辦了一家名為 FriendFeed 的初創公司，該公司被 Facebook 收購。 > My favorite thing about Paul though is that he was an early angel investor in Justin not TV and really helped keep us alive in the early days. 不過，我對保羅最喜歡的一點是，他是賈斯汀(而非電視)的早期天使投資人，在早期幫助我們活了下來。 > So please welcome Paul Buchheit to the stage. 所以請歡迎保羅·布切特上臺。 > Hey. 嘿 > Justin. 賈斯汀 > And. 和 > `[00:00:54]` Thank all of you. `[00:00:54]` 謝謝大家。 > I\'m very excited to be here. 我很興奮能來這里。 > London is. 倫敦是。 > An amazing city. 一座神奇的城市。 > Those. 那些 > Eager to come speak here just if for no other reason than to visit. 我很想來這里講話，如果沒有別的原因，只是想去拜訪一下。 > But it\'s good to talk to all of you. 但很高興能和你們所有人談談。 > So you\'ve heard a lot of great startup advice today and this is going to be something else. 所以你今天聽到了很多很棒的創業建議，這將是另一回事。 > `[00:01:14]` So I often advise startups that it\'s better to seek deep appeal to create something that a few people love. `[00:01:14]` 所以我經常建議創業公司，最好是尋求深深的吸引力來創造一些人喜歡的東西。 > Even if most people don\'t get it right away. 即使大多數人都不明白。 > In that spirit I\'ve decided to share the technology and dreams that matter to me with the hope that it will be very appealing to the right person. 本著這種精神，我決定分享對我重要的技術和夢想，希望它對合適的人非常有吸引力。 > This is after all a business defined by outliers. 畢竟，這是一個由離群值定義的業務。 > Someone in this room is going to create something very important. 這個房間里的人會創造一些非常重要的東西。 > That\'s the person I\'m hoping to reach. 這就是我希望聯系到的人。 > We talk a lot about technology and its ability to transform and improve the world. 我們談論了很多關于技術及其改造和改善世界的能力。 > But technology is more than just the transistors and algorithms. 但技術不僅僅是晶體管和算法。 > Those are just patterns on silicon. 這些只是硅上的圖案。 > The technology that really drives the world are the patterns in your head. 真正驅動這個世界的技術就是你頭腦中的模式。 > Those are the patterns that give rise to the patterns and silicon patterns in our society and our whole concept of reality. 正是這些模式在我們的社會和我們整個現實的概念中產生了模式和硅模式。 > Change those patterns and you change your world. 改變這些模式你就能改變你的世界。 > Maybe not overnight. 也許不是一夜之間。 > But like steering the rudder on a great ship a small change now makes a big difference. 但是，就像在一艘大船上操縱舵一樣，一個小小的改變現在就產生了很大的不同。 > Later. 后來 > We often sweat life\'s big decisions with little decisions that matter the most. 我們經常為生活中的重大決定而汗流浹背，而那些最重要的決定卻很少。 > And the ones we make thousands of times a day often without even realizing it. 而那些我們一天做幾千次卻沒有意識到的事情。 > The big decisions are the inevitable result of the small decisions. 重大決策是小決策的必然結果。 > They steered the ship into port created the conditions that gave rise to the situation. 他們把船駛進港口，創造了造成這種情況的條件。 > And then perhaps we feel that our hand has been forced. 然后也許我們覺得我們的手是被迫的。 > The big decision must be made. 必須作出重大決定。 > But really was made by the thousands of small decisions leading up to it. 但實際上是由成千上萬的小決定導致的。 > We all know the power of default. 我們都知道違約的力量。 > This is about my default. 這是關于我的默認。 > The things I. 我的東西。 > Try to keep top of mind. 試著保持頭腦清醒。 > And return to when I\'m stuck confused or doubtful. 回到我被困住、困惑或懷疑的時候。 > It\'s an effort to tune in improve my patterns my technology. 這是一種努力，以改善我的模式，我的技術。 > First I don\'t know anything. 首先我什么都不知道。 > That\'s a warning. 那是個警告。 > If you take this all on my authority then you\'re missing the point. 如果你把這一切都交給我的話，那你就錯了。 > You must own your own programming. 你必須擁有自己的程序。 > Also it\'s the first pattern. 這也是第一種模式。 > If I believe that I already know the answer and possess the truth. 如果我相信我已經知道答案并掌握了真相。 > That I\'m not genuinely open to learning larger truths. 我并不真正愿意學習更大的真理。 > This is the danger of experience. 這是經驗的危險。 > We already know better. 我們已經很清楚了。 > We already know that an idea or business won\'t work. 我們已經知道，一個想法或業務是行不通的。 > This is one reason that naive young founders are often the ones who start the most successful companies. 這就是為什么天真的年輕創始人往往是最成功的公司創始人的原因之一。 > They just don\'t know any better and they\'re often too arrogant to listen to those who do. 他們只是不知道什么更好，他們往往太傲慢，不聽誰的。 > I don\'t want to downplay the value experience. 我不想低估這種價值體驗。 > This whole event is about sharing and learning from the experiences of others. 這整個活動是關于分享和學習他人的經驗。 > But don\'t be limited by our experiences. 但不要被我們的經驗所限制。 > Just because it didn\'t work in the past doesn\'t mean it won\'t work in the future. 僅僅因為它在過去不起作用，并不意味著它在將來不起作用。 > Likewise what worked before may not work again. 同樣，以前起作用的東西也可能不再起作用。 > This is especially important for startup founders. 對于初創企業的創始人來說，這一點尤為重要。 > The best opportunities live in our collective blindspots most. 最好的機會生活在我們的集體盲點中。 > They appear to be bad ideas are simply unimportant. 它們似乎是糟糕的想法，根本就不重要。 > If everyone could see the opportunity someone else would have already taken it. 如果每個人都能看到這個機會，別人早就抓住了。 > In 1997 Larry and Sergei tried to sell Google for a million dollars. 1997 年，拉里和謝爾蓋試圖以 100 萬美元的價格出售谷歌。 > Fortunately there were unable to find a buyer. 幸運的是，沒有找到買主。 > The conventional wisdom of the time was that search was neither important nor valuable. 當時的傳統觀點是，搜索既不重要，也不寶貴。 > Of course experience isn\'t the only danger. 當然，經驗不是唯一的危險。 > Dogma and ideology are even worse. 教條和意識形態更糟糕。 > They provide us with the answers and put boundaries around our thinking. 它們為我們提供了答案，并為我們的思維設置了界限。 > Ignoring the dogma invites ridicule or even punishment. 無視教條會招致嘲笑甚至懲罰。 > I suspect that\'s why more ideological societies are less innovative. 我懷疑這就是為什么更多的意識形態社會不那么創新。 > If we aren\'t free to wander outside the realms of the conventional thinking. 如果我們不能自由地游離于常規思維的領域之外。 > Then we won\'t happen upon the opportunities that others have missed. 這樣我們就不會碰上別人錯過的機會。 > Escaping dogmas hard. 難以逃避教條。 > From the inside. 從里面。 > It simply looks like truth and reality. 它看起來就像真理和現實。 > Watch out for any belief that limits the range of your thinking and exploration. 注意任何限制你思考和探索范圍的信念。 > This includes logic and reason. 這包括邏輯和理性。 > They are useful tools but just as often work to keep us trapped inside of exclusionary belief systems. 它們是有用的工具，但也常常使我們陷入排他性信仰體系中。 > If you believe yourself to be a rational person. 如果你相信自己是一個理性的人。 > Then you\'re in the trap. 那你就被困在陷阱里了。 > To be innovative in our work. 在我們的工作中保持創新。 > We need to evade the limitations of established thinking. 我們需要回避既定思維的局限性。 > Which brings me to the second pattern. 這就引出了第二種模式。 > Kill all demon processes. 殺死所有惡魔過程。 > For those of you who aren\'t familiar with operating system internals demons are computer programs that run in the background performing various services often invisible to the user. 對于那些不熟悉操作系統的人來說，內部惡魔是在后臺運行的計算機程序，它們執行著用戶通常看不到的各種服務。 > Sometimes they get out of control and start consuming all of the machines memory processor or other computing resources. 有時，它們失去控制，開始消耗所有機器、內存、處理器或其他計算資源。 > This is one reason why your computer or phone often works better after a reboot. 這就是為什么你的電腦或手機在重啟后工作得更好的原因之一。 > I like this analogy for the same kinds of loops that operate in our brains like when a song gets stuck in your head. 我喜歡這個比喻，因為在我們的大腦中，同樣的循環在運作，就像一首歌被困在你的腦子里。 > The more insidious loops are the voices of doubt anger and self loathing that infect our minds. 更陰險的循環是懷疑、憤怒和自我厭惡的聲音，它們感染了我們的心靈。 > Often they are the internalized voices of our parents peers the media. 他們往往是我們的父母、同行、媒體的內化聲音。 > Or just random people on the Internet. 或者只是隨便上網的人。 > Other times they pose as their own voice possibly one that has been there for as long as we can remember. 其他時候，他們假裝自己的聲音，可能是一個已經存在了很久，我們可以記住的聲音。 > Either way these loops are often parasitic and limiting. 無論哪種方式，這些循環通常都是寄生的和有限的。 > Any time we take a risk or move in a new direction. 任何時候我們都會冒風險或者朝著一個新的方向前進。 > They are there to doubt and criticize us. 他們在那里懷疑和批評我們。 > Any time we seek to escape dogma. 任何時候我們都想逃避教條。 > They are there to ridicule and condemn us. 他們在那里嘲笑和譴責我們。 > Creating an innovative new product often means spending years working on something that most people doubt the value of. 創造一種創新的新產品通常意味著要花很多年的時間去做一些大多數人懷疑其價值的事情。 > Is hard to do that with a head full of noise voices telling us that we\'re being foolish and that we should just cut our losses. 要做到這一點很難用一個充滿噪音的頭腦告訴我們，我們是愚蠢的，我們應該減少我們的損失。 > Before we launch Jemal. 在我們發射 Jemal 之前。 > Many people inside of Google thought that the whole project should be scrapped. 谷歌內部的許多人認為，整個項目應該取消。 > One notable executive predicted that we would never even get to a million users. 一位著名的高管預測，我們甚至永遠無法接觸到 100 萬用戶。 > We can\'t let those people drag us down. 我們不能讓那些人把我們拖垮。 > In order to grow. 為了成長。 > Be free and reclaim our mental resources. 自由并收回我們的精神資源。 > It helps to clear out those voices. 清除那些聲音是有幫助的。 > It\'s simple yet very difficult because they\'ll keep coming back. 這很簡單，但很困難，因為他們會不斷地回來。 > But with practice we get better. 但通過練習我們會變得更好。 > `[00:07:05]` Right now. `[00:07:05]` 現在。 > Stop. 停，停止 > Observe your breath. 注意呼吸。 > And enjoy a moment of stillness in your mind. 在你的腦海中享受片刻的寧靜。 > The voices that keep interrupting the silence are the runaway processes. 不斷打斷沉默的聲音是失控的過程。 > Keep dismissing them until there aren\'t any left. 繼續解雇他們直到沒有剩下的。 > `[00:07:24]` Our days are full of spare moments instead of filling them with Flappy Bird or Facebook. `[00:07:24]` 我們的每一天都是空余的時刻，而不是用 FlappyBird 或 Facebook 來填滿它們。 > Take the opportunity to finally Kallman clear mind. 抓住這個機會終于讓卡爾曼頭腦清醒了。 > Even if you don\'t always succeed. 即使你并不總是成功。 > It\'s the practice that matters. 重要的是實踐。 > Walking in nature also helps. 在大自然中行走也有幫助。 > The voices will resist of course continuing to assert their own importance as one way they survive. 當然，這些聲音會抵制繼續強調自己的重要性，認為這是他們生存的一種方式。 > My response. 我的回答。 > `[00:07:46]` Yes and thank you. `[00:07:46]` 是的，謝謝。 > `[00:07:49]` That\'s the third pattern. `[00:07:49]` 這是第三種模式。 > Life rarely goes the way we want it to. 生活很少像我們所希望的那樣。 > When we\'re taking risks and trying something new we should expect that it often won\'t work out the way we had planned. 當我們冒著風險，嘗試一些新的東西時，我們應該期望它不會按照我們計劃的方式完成。 > And even if we try to keep our lives narrow and risk free. 即使我們試圖讓我們的生活變得狹小和無風險。 > Things still don\'t work out the way we had planned. 事情仍然不像我們計劃的那樣。 > We can get angry and frustrated and stuck. 我們會變得憤怒、沮喪和陷入困境。 > Or we can accept and move forward assuming that whatever happened is somehow for the best. 或者，我們可以接受并向前邁進，假設發生的一切都是出于某種原因。 > I found that this is a great predictor of success among startups. 我發現這是創業成功的一個很好的預測因素。 > They all face setbacks but some are able to take those setbacks and use them to their advantage. 他們都面臨挫折，但有些人能夠抓住這些挫折，并利用他們的優勢。 > Others just keep slamming their head against the same wall never making any real progress. 另一些人只是不斷地把頭撞在同一堵墻上，從來沒有取得任何真正的進展。 > Uber has been rather masterful at this. 優步在這方面相當在行。 > Here in London they turn the taxi strike into a huge growth opportunity for themselves. 在倫敦，他們把出租車罷工變成了一個巨大的增長機會。 > In my own life I\'ve observed that many of the best things are rooted in some of the worst events. 在我自己的生活中，我觀察到許多最好的事情都植根于一些最糟糕的事件。 > I would not have one without the other. 我不會有一個沒有另一個。 > But this is about the small decisions more than the big ones. 但這更多的是關于小的決定，而不是大的決定。 > Everyday is full of setbacks and disappointments but I do my best to say. 每一天都充滿挫折和失望，但我盡力說。 > Yes and thank you. 是的，謝謝。 > Accepting it as a gift however improbable that may seem at the time. 接受它作為禮物，不管當時看起來多么不可能。 > This pattern has an almost magical way of transforming reality and maintaining the forward flow of life. 這種模式幾乎有一種神奇的方式來改變現實，保持生活的向前流動。 > The ability to accept a greater range of outcomes opens the door to pattern number four. 接受更多結果的能力打開了通往第四種模式的大門。 > `[00:09:11]` Choose the more interesting path. `[00:09:11]` 選擇更有趣的路徑。 > `[00:09:15]` You know what. `[00:09:15]` 你知道嗎。 > I had slides. 我有幻燈片。 > Laughter. 笑聲。 > `[00:09:31]` I don\'t know anything. `[00:09:31]` 我什么都不知道。 > Laughter clearly. 笑得很清楚。 > I also didn\'t make these slides. 我也沒有制作這些幻燈片。 > Kevin did it for me. 凱文為我做的。 > Kill all demon processes. 殺死所有惡魔過程。 > Yes and thank you. 是的，謝謝。 > Two of the more interesting path. 兩條更有趣的路。 > People often decide. 人們經常決定。 > `[00:09:49]` People often ask how I decide which startups to invest in. `[00:09:49]` 人們經常問我如何決定投資哪一家初創公司。 > There\'s no simple answer. 沒有簡單的答案。 > But this is a big part of it. 但這是很大一部分。 > When I heard about just TV in early 2007. 當我在 2007 年初聽說電視的時候。 > My first response was to laugh and ask if they were serious. 我的第一反應是大笑，問他們是不是認真的。 > They said yes. 他們答應了。 > So I offered to invest. 所以我主動提出投資。 > The plan at the time was for Justin Kohn That\'s. 當時的計劃是賈斯汀·科恩的。 > Dustan who is just up here to attach a camera to his head and stream it live on the internet 24/7. 杜斯坦就在上面，把一臺相機掛在頭上，每天 24 小時在網上直播。 > It seemed a little insane. 看上去有點瘋狂。 > But I was very curious to find out what would happen. 但我很想知道會發生什么。 > I found that kind of interesting this is a very useful signal. 我覺得很有趣，這是一個非常有用的信號。 > The immediate answer to what would happen was a lot of people trolling Justin. 對于將要發生的事情，最直接的答案是很多人在騷擾賈斯汀。 > `[00:10:31]` Next they added the ability for anyone to stream their lives. `[00:10:31]` 接下來，他們增加了任何人的生命流的能力。 > Most of it was boring or possibly illegal. 大部分都是無聊的或者可能是違法的。 > But one thing really caught on video game streaming. 但有一件事在視頻游戲流中被真正抓住了。 > Eventually they changed their name to twitch that TV to focus exclusively on competitive gaming. 最終，他們改變了名字，把電視變成了只關注競爭游戲的電視節目。 > They are now one of the most valuable properties on the Internet. 它們現在是互聯網上最有價值的財產之一。 > Their average daily viewer watches over 100 minutes per day and they are the fourth largest source ofU.S. 他們平均每天觀看超過 100 分鐘，他們是美國的第四大來源。 > Internet traffic after Netflix Google and Apple. 繼 Netflix、谷歌和蘋果之后的互聯網流量。 > I had no idea that would happen. 我不知道會發生這種事。 > I\'ve mainly invested because it sounded like an interesting experiment. 我主要是投資，因為這聽起來像是一個有趣的實驗。 > The founder seemed to genuinely believe that they were onto something. 這位創始人似乎真的相信他們在做什么。 > Interesting this is a sign of unexplored or under explorer territory. 有趣的是，這是一個未經探索或在探險者的領土下的跡象。 > If I already know what the outcome is going to be that\'s not very interesting. 如果我已經知道結果會是什么\不是很有趣。 > If it\'s completely random like gambling that\'s also not very interesting. 如果它是完全隨機的，像賭博，那也不是很有趣。 > But I find that great startups exist in space of productive uncertainty. 但我發現，偉大的初創企業存在于生產不確定性的空間中。 > Regardless of whether they succeed or fail. 不管他們是成功還是失敗。 > I\'m likely to learn something interesting. 我可能會學到一些有趣的東西。 > That was my logic when joining Google in 1999. 這就是我 1999 年加入谷歌時的邏輯。 > I expected that they would likely get squashed by the much larger AltaVista. 我預計他們可能會被更大的 AltaVista 壓扁。 > But the people were really smart. 但人們真的很聰明。 > So I believe that I could learn a lot in the process. 所以我相信在這個過程中我可以學到很多東西。 > In fact. 事實上。 > I can guarantee success by simply redefining success to include learning something interesting. 我可以通過簡單地重新定義成功來保證成功，包括學習一些有趣的東西。 > In this way. 用這種方式。 > I\'ve always succeeded and also learned a lot. 我一直很成功，也學到了很多東西。 > If you startup has only one definition of success you\'re then you are setting yourself up for failure. 如果你的創業只有一個成功的定義，那么你就是在為失敗做準備。 > It\'s tragic how many people are sacrificing their lives on some startup that they don\'t really care about in pursuit of some external success. 可悲的是，有多少人為了追求外部的成功而犧牲了自己的生命。 > They\'ll likely never achieve. 他們很可能永遠不會實現。 > Personally I think it\'s a mistake. 我個人認為這是個錯誤。 > `[00:12:12]` Which leads me to pattern number five. `[00:12:12]` 這就引出了第五種模式。 > Love what you do. 喜歡你做的事。 > It\'s often said that you should do what you love but that\'s mostly bad advice. 人們常說你應該做你喜歡做的事，但這大多是壞建議。 > `[00:12:24]` It encourages people to grind away their lives in pursuit of some mostly unattainable goal such as being a movie star or billion our startup founder. `[00:12:24]` 它鼓勵人們為了追求一些根本無法實現的目標而磨蹭自己的生活，比如成為電影明星，或者成為我們的初創公司創始人。 > And even if they do make it often reality is nothing like they imagined it would be. 即使他們經常這樣做，現實也不像他們想象的那樣。 > So they\'re still unhappy. 所以他們仍然不開心。 > Do what you love is in the future. 做你喜歡做的事是在未來。 > Love what you do is right now. 喜歡你現在所做的事。 > As with the other patterns it\'s meant to guide the small decisions that we make every moment of everyday. 和其他模式一樣，它的目的是指導我們每天每一刻所做的小決定。 > It\'s also about changing what you do and more about changing how you do it. 它也是關于改變你所做的事情，更多的是改變你的工作方式。 > One of the problems with having a goal oriented extrinsic mindset is that it treats the time between now and task completion as an annoying obstacle to be endured. 有一種面向目標的外在心態的問題之一是，它把從現在到任務完成之間的時間當作一個惱人的障礙來忍受。 > If you\'re doing something as difficult uncertain and takes a long time such as building a new product or company and you have that mindset then you\'re likely gambling away a big chunk of your life. 如果你正在做一些困難、不確定、需要很長時間的事情，比如建立一個新的產品或公司，而你有這種心態，那么你很可能在你生命中的大部分時間都在賭博。 > Subconsciously. 下意識的。 > You may also compensate by choosing smaller more realistic goals and that\'s unfortunate. 你也可以通過選擇更小、更現實的目標來彌補這一點，這是很不幸的。 > Plus it\'s unpleasant. 再加上這令人不快。 > When I was working long hours at Google it wasn\'t because they were whipping us to work harder. 當我在谷歌工作很長時間的時候，這并不是因為他們在鞭打我們，讓我們更努力地工作。 > I would have quit. 我會辭職的。 > I was doing it because I genuinely love building things. 我這么做是因為我真的喜歡做東西。 > It wasn\'t all fun of course but I typically enjoyed at least 80 percent of my day. 當然，這并不是很有趣，但我一天中至少 80%的時間都很享受。 > Do what you love treats what you love is a fix thing. 做你所愛的事，對待你所愛的是一件固定的事情。 > But it\'s not. 但事實并非如此。 > I used to hate running. 我以前討厭跑步。 > I would sometimes force myself to run a few miles because it\'s supposed to be healthy. 我有時會強迫自己跑幾英里，因為它應該是健康的。 > But I never liked it. 但我從來不喜歡。 > Then I read a book that said we were born to run and that it can be fun. 然后我讀了一本書，書上說我們生來就是跑步的人，而且很有趣。 > Inspired I decided to try running just for fun. 受到啟發，我決定嘗試跑步只是為了好玩。 > Focus on the quality of every step and forget about the goal completion aspect of it. 關注每一步的質量，忘記它的目標完成方面。 > Very quickly. 很快。 > I learned to enjoy running and over time I\'ve transformed my entire relationship with fitness and exercise to be oriented more towards enjoyment. 我學會了享受跑步，隨著時間的推移，我改變了我與健身和鍛煉的整個關系，使我更傾向于享受。 > Naturally this more intrinsic approach ultimately improves the quality of our efforts. 當然，這一更為內在的辦法最終提高了我們努力的質量。 > Which generally leads to greater extrinsic rewards as well. 這通常也會帶來更多的外在回報。 > Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation are best when they\'re both pointed in the same direction. 當內在動機和外在動機都指向相同的方向時，它們是最好的。 > Real work always seems to involve a certain amount of unpleasant grinding. 真正的工作似乎總是涉及到一定數量的令人不快的磨難。 > For though startups often have a lot of it. 因為雖然創業公司經常有很多這樣的東西。 > It\'s like having a baby. 就像生孩子一樣。 > Is 5 percent cute adorable moments and 95 percent dirty diapers and vomit. 是百分之五可愛的時刻和百分之九十五的臟尿布和嘔吐物。 > The key to loving these more unpleasant moments is meaning. 愛這些更令人不快的時刻的關鍵是意義。 > If we generally genuinely care about and believe in our mission then those difficult times begin to take on a more heroic quality. 如果我們普遍真正關心和相信我們的使命，那么這些困難時期就開始呈現出一種更加英勇的品質。 > Although it\'s critical for a startup to have very immediate and actionable plans such as write code and talk to users. 不過，對于一家初創企業來說，擁有非常即時和可操作的計劃是至關重要的，比如編寫代碼和與用戶對話。 > I believe it\'s also important to maintain a meaningful and inspiring vision. 我認為保持一個有意義和鼓舞人心的愿景也很重要。 > The sixth and final pattern for today is one that I borrowed from Google. 今天的第六種也是最后一種模式是我從谷歌那里借來的。 > Maintain a healthy disregard for the impossible. 對不可能的事情保持健康的漠視。 > I think Larry Page learned this as a kid at summer camp. 我想拉里·佩奇是在夏令營時學到的。 > And to me it represents the true innovative spirit of the company. 對我來說，它代表了公司真正的創新精神。 > Now that Google is huge and many have grown cynical about the company. 現在谷歌已經很龐大了，很多人對谷歌越來越憤世嫉俗。 > It\'s easy to dismiss such things. 這樣的事情很容易被忽視。 > But I remember when it was a tiny startup that nobody had heard of and I had to explain to people that it was like Yahoo. 但我記得這是一家沒有人聽說過的小公司，我不得不向人們解釋，它就像雅虎(Yahoo)。 > Minus all of the features other than search. 減去搜索以外的所有其他功能。 > People would just give me the sad look that seemed to say. 人們只會給我一個悲傷的眼神，好像在說。 > `[00:15:39]` I\'m sorry you can\'t get a real job. 很抱歉你找不到真正的工作。 > `[00:15:41]` Laughter. `[00:15:41]` 笑聲。 > But inside the company there were these absurdly ambitious ideas. 但在公司內部，有這些荒謬的野心勃勃的想法。 > They made it feel like we were going to take over the world. 他們讓人覺得我們要接管世界。 > It was an exciting place to be. 那是個令人興奮的地方。 > Larry wanted to store and search the whole web in memory even though our machines only had a quarter gigabyte of RAM. 拉里想在內存中存儲和搜索整個網絡，盡管我們的機器只有四分之一 GB 的內存。 > It was unrealistic at the time but Moore\'s law moves fast and very soon we were doing it but only because everyone\'s thinking was already oriented in that direction. 這在當時是不現實的，但摩爾定律發展得很快，很快我們就開始這么做了，但這只是因為每個人的思維都已經朝著這個方向發展。 > He also wanted self driving cars that would deliver hamburgers. 他還想要自動駕駛汽車運送漢堡包。 > That hasn\'t happened yet but I bet it will. 這件事還沒有發生，但我敢打賭會發生的。 > For me. 對我來說。 > Potentially impossible goals are much more inspiring than realistic ones. 潛在的不可能的目標比現實的目標更鼓舞人心。 > I\'d rather fail at something awesome than succeed at something inconsequential. 我寧愿在令人敬畏的事情上失敗，也不愿在無關緊要的事情上取得成功。 > As with many of the other patterns this one is about continually shedding the limitations of outdated thinking. 與許多其他模式一樣，這一種模式是關于不斷地擺脫過時思維的限制。 > When I decide to write theG.M. 當我決定寫通用汽車的時候。 > interface in JavaScript. 接口使用 JavaScript。 > Pretty much everyone who knew anything about Javascript or Web browsers told me that it was a bad idea. 幾乎所有了解 Javascript 或 Web 瀏覽器的人都告訴我，這是個壞主意。 > It had been tried in the past and always ended in disaster. 它過去曾嘗試過，但總是以災難告終。 > But times change fast. 但時代變化很快。 > Unfortunately I was in an environment where doing impossible things was not just permitted but encouraged. 不幸的是，我所處的環境中，做不可能的事情不僅是被允許的，而且是被鼓勵的。 > After we launched the impossible quickly became the new normal completely changing how we think about web apps. 在我們推出“不可能”之后，我們很快就變成了新的常態，完全改變了我們對網絡應用的看法。 > That\'s fun. 那很有趣。 > For me. 對我來說。 > Startups are more than just a clever way to make money. 創業不僅僅是一種聰明的賺錢方式。 > They\'re machines for harnessing the fire of human self-interest creating a self-sustaining reaction capable of rapidly transforming the world. 它們是用來利用人類自身利益之火的機器，創造出一種能夠迅速改變世界的自我維持的反應。 > Self-interest is often treated as if it were dirty or wrong. 自私自利常常被當作是骯臟的或錯誤的。 > But NASA didn\'t get to the moon by vilifying gravity. 但是美國宇航局并沒有通過詆毀重力到達月球。 > It\'s often assumed that business is all about money. 人們常認為生意都是為了錢。 > But to me that\'s like saying that rockets are all about rocket fuel. 但對我來說，這就像說火箭都是火箭燃料。 > On some level it\'s true. 在某種程度上這是真的。 > You don\'t even make it off the launch pad without fuel. 你甚至不能在沒有燃料的情況下離開發射臺。 > But that myopic view misses out on the larger purpose and mission of the machine. 但是，這種短視的觀點忽略了這臺機器的更大的目的和使命。 > Certainly some businesses really are about nothing more than making money. 當然，有些企業只是為了賺錢。 > But among the truly significant founders I\'ve known there\'s always a larger purpose. 但在我所知道的真正重要的創始人中，總有一個更大的目標。 > It\'s not just a nihilistic pursuit of rocket fuel. 這不僅僅是對火箭燃料的虛無主義追求。 > Before I finish. 在我說完之前。 > I want to mention my impossible goal. 我想提一下我不可能達到的目標。 > We now for the first time ever have the technology and resources necessary to make the world a great place for everyone. 我們現在第一次擁有必要的技術和資源，使世界成為每個人的美好地方。 > We can provide adequate food housing education and health care for everyone using only a fraction of our labor and resources. 我們只需一小部分勞動力和資源，就可以為每個人提供足夠的食物、住房、教育和保健。 > This means that we can put an end to wage slavery. 這意味著我們可以結束工資奴隸制。 > I don\'t have to work. 我不用工作。 > I choose to work. 我選擇工作。 > And I believe that everyone deserves the same freedom I have. 我相信每個人都應該得到我所擁有的同樣的自由。 > If done right it\'s also economically superior meaning that we will all have more wealth. 如果做得對，這在經濟上也是優越的，這意味著我們都將擁有更多的財富。 > We often talk about how brilliant or visionary Steve Jobs was but there are probably millions of people just as brilliant as he was. 我們經常談論史蒂夫·喬布斯有多聰明或有遠見，但可能有數以百萬計的人和他一樣聰明。 > The difference is that they likely didn\'t grow up with great parents amazing teachers in an environment where innovation was the norm. 不同之處在于，他們很可能不是在一個以創新為規范的環境中與偉大的父母一起成長的。 > Also they didn\'t live down the street from Steve Wozniak. 而且，他們也沒有住在史蒂夫沃茲尼亞克的街道上。 > Economically we don\'t need more jobs. 經濟上我們不需要更多的工作。 > We need more Steve Jobs. 我們需要更多的史蒂夫·喬布斯。 > When we set everyone free we enabled the outliers everywhere. 當我們把每個人都放出來時，我們讓所有的離群點都能找到。 > The result will be an unprecedented boom in human creativity and ingenuity. 其結果將是人類創造力和創造力的空前繁榮。 > And now the impossible part. 現在不可能的部分。 > First we have to learn how to get along with each other. 首先，我們必須學會如何相處。 > And with ourselves. 還有我們自己。 > I\'m looking for full stack hackers. 我在找一堆黑客。 > People who understand that technology is more than just patterns and silicon. 了解技術不僅僅是模式和硅的人。 > The same patterns and systems of patterns exists everywhere. 同樣的模式和模式體系無處不在。 > Capitalism is a technology. 資本主義是一種技術。 > Like the internal combustion engine. 就像內燃機一樣。 > It\'s tremendously valuable and transformative. 它具有巨大的價值和變革性。 > But it\'s not beyond improvement. 但這也不止于此。 > The same goes for government religion and everything else. 政府的宗教和其他一切也是如此。 > We have an incredible future ahead of us. 我們還有一個不可思議的未來。 > We won\'t get there by clinging to obsolete patterns. 我們堅持過時的模式是不可能達到目的。 > As founders we must start small and work with the grain of what is. 作為創立者，我們必須從小做起，以現有的方式工作。 > The path is never obvious and innovation happens in the most unexpected ways. 這條路從來都不是顯而易見的，創新是以最意想不到的方式發生的。 > The personal computer was originally dismissed as a toy. 這臺個人電腦最初被認為是玩具。 > If you think Instagram is just a collection of photo filters you\'re missing the big picture. 如果你認為 Instagram 只是一組照片過濾器，那么你就錯過了這張大照片。 > Maybe photo sharing will lead directly to world peace but helping people to see the world through the eyes of others looks like a step in the right direction. 也許分享照片將直接導致世界和平，但幫助人們通過別人的眼睛來看待世界，似乎是朝著正確的方向邁出了一步。 > To me. 對我來說。 > And they grew to over 200 million users in less than four years. 在不到四年的時間里，他們的用戶就超過了 2 億。 > That\'s larger than most countries. 那比大多數國家都大。 > That\'s the power of a startup. 這就是創業的力量。 > As Richard Feynman said. 就像理查德·費曼說的。 > The worthwhile problems are the ones you can really solve or help solve the ones you can really contribute something to. 有價值的問題是那些你能真正解決或幫助解決的問題，那些你能真正為之做出貢獻的問題。 > Don\'t be discouraged by people who dismiss your efforts as trivial just because you aren\'t curing cancer or traveling to Mars. 不要因為你沒有治愈癌癥或者去火星旅行而對你的努力視而不見。 > The patterns I\'ve presented today are about developing an independent mind unburdened by the limitations of other people\'s thinking. 我今天提出的模式是培養一個獨立的頭腦，不受其他人思維的限制。 > Then you can judge for yourself what is worthwhile and move forward with the conviction necessary to do something great. 然后，你可以自己判斷什么是值得的，并帶著必要的信念向前邁進，去做一件偉大的事情。 > A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下 > `[00:20:42]` Thank you. `[00:20:42]` 謝謝。